Pedestrian detection is one of the most important problems in the visual sensor network. Considering that the visual sensors have limited cap ability, we propose a pedestrian detection method with low energy consumpti...Pedestrian detection is one of the most important problems in the visual sensor network. Considering that the visual sensors have limited cap ability, we propose a pedestrian detection method with low energy consumption. Our method contains two parts: one is an Enhanced Self-Organizing Background Subtraction (ESOBS) based foreground segmentation module to obtain active areas in the observed region from the visual sensors; the other is an appearance model based detection module to detect the pedestrians from the foreground areas. Moreover, we create our own large pedestrian dataset according to the specific scene in the visual sensor network. Numerous experiments are conducted in both indoor and outdoor specific scenes. The experimental results show that our method is effective.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of maximum price information and contextual factors on people＇s bidding behaviors in a controlled Becker-DeGroot-Marschak （BDM） experimental auctions. 354 respond...The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of maximum price information and contextual factors on people＇s bidding behaviors in a controlled Becker-DeGroot-Marschak （BDM） experimental auctions. 354 respondents from three Asian countries （China, Cambodia and the Philippines） participated in this study. In each country, both households with piped water connection and households without piped water connection were investigated. The sample in each country was then randomly assigned to two groups： one group was provided with a maximum price of a water filter and the other group was not provided with the maximum price information. The results show that the treatment group with maximum price information had a higher actual willingness-to-pay than the control group without maximum price information, but they were not significantly different. Our results also indicate that contextual and socioeconomic factors did play a role in participants＇ bid results for the water filter.展开更多
With unique physical and chemical properties, aqueous solutions in the mantle may play important roles for a number of geochemical and geodynamical processes. However, since experimental data available are very limite...With unique physical and chemical properties, aqueous solutions in the mantle may play important roles for a number of geochemical and geodynamical processes. However, since experimental data available are very limited, people still know little about the aqueous solutions and their interactions with surrounding rocks and melts. From the perspective of thermodynamics, equation of state(EOS) is the key to push forward the modeling of aqueous solutions. Nevertheless, up to now accurate EOSs suitable for the mantle conditions are still in shortage. With discussions over several recognized EOSs, we summarize several ways to enhance the predictability of EOS: utilizing high quality data from molecular simulations, choosing functions with sound physical background, and improving the regression procedures for the empirical parameters. In the meantime, we find that the ion-bearing systems are still the focus of challenges in this area. New developments of experiments and computer simulations effectively deal with these challenges and in-depth understandings of aqueous solutions in the mantle are expected in the near future.展开更多
基金This paper was supported partially by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 60833009, No. 61003280 the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant No. 60925010+1 种基金 the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China under Grant No.61121001 the Pro- gram for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University under Grant No. IRT1049.
文摘Pedestrian detection is one of the most important problems in the visual sensor network. Considering that the visual sensors have limited cap ability, we propose a pedestrian detection method with low energy consumption. Our method contains two parts: one is an Enhanced Self-Organizing Background Subtraction (ESOBS) based foreground segmentation module to obtain active areas in the observed region from the visual sensors; the other is an appearance model based detection module to detect the pedestrians from the foreground areas. Moreover, we create our own large pedestrian dataset according to the specific scene in the visual sensor network. Numerous experiments are conducted in both indoor and outdoor specific scenes. The experimental results show that our method is effective.
基金Beijing university young talent program(YETP0246)
文摘The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of maximum price information and contextual factors on people＇s bidding behaviors in a controlled Becker-DeGroot-Marschak （BDM） experimental auctions. 354 respondents from three Asian countries （China, Cambodia and the Philippines） participated in this study. In each country, both households with piped water connection and households without piped water connection were investigated. The sample in each country was then randomly assigned to two groups： one group was provided with a maximum price of a water filter and the other group was not provided with the maximum price information. The results show that the treatment group with maximum price information had a higher actual willingness-to-pay than the control group without maximum price information, but they were not significantly different. Our results also indicate that contextual and socioeconomic factors did play a role in participants＇ bid results for the water filter.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41590620 & 41473060)
文摘With unique physical and chemical properties, aqueous solutions in the mantle may play important roles for a number of geochemical and geodynamical processes. However, since experimental data available are very limited, people still know little about the aqueous solutions and their interactions with surrounding rocks and melts. From the perspective of thermodynamics, equation of state(EOS) is the key to push forward the modeling of aqueous solutions. Nevertheless, up to now accurate EOSs suitable for the mantle conditions are still in shortage. With discussions over several recognized EOSs, we summarize several ways to enhance the predictability of EOS: utilizing high quality data from molecular simulations, choosing functions with sound physical background, and improving the regression procedures for the empirical parameters. In the meantime, we find that the ion-bearing systems are still the focus of challenges in this area. New developments of experiments and computer simulations effectively deal with these challenges and in-depth understandings of aqueous solutions in the mantle are expected in the near future.
