室内PM_(10)与气传真菌对大鼠肺巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

[目的]以体外培养SD大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞 (AM)为靶细胞 ,研究PM10 与气传真菌单独和联合染毒对它的非特异性免疫功能的影响 ,并阐明剂量_反应关系。[方法]采集室内PM10、气传真菌 ,配制成染毒溶液。用不同浓度的PM10、气传真菌 ,以及PM10 和气传真菌联合染毒液染毒大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞 ,分别测定培养液中肺泡细胞存活率、吞噬率和吞噬指数以及细胞因子TNF_α ,观察PM10 与气传真菌单独和联合染毒对肺巨噬细胞存活率及其吞噬功能的影响。[结果]PM10 和真菌均能引起AM存活率降低 ,且有一定剂量_效应关系 ,剂量越高 ,存活率越低 (P<0.05)。联合染毒组存活率低于相应单独染毒组。2×2析因试验设计的方差分析结果显示 ,与对照组相比 ,联合染毒组存活率下降 ,且具有显著性意义 (P<0.01)。提示PM10 和真菌对巨噬细胞存活率的影响存在联合作用。单独和联合染毒组的吞噬率、吞噬指数也均呈剂量依赖性下降。高剂量组的吞噬率、吞噬指数远远低于阴性对照组 (P<0.05)。2×2析因试验设计方差分析结果表明 ,联合染毒组的吞噬率、吞噬指数与对照组相比 ,差异均有显著性意义 (P<0.01) ,提示PM10 和真菌对AM吞噬功能具有一定联合效应。结果还表明 ,阴性对照组培养上清液中未检测到TNF_α。染毒组TNF_α活性则随剂量上升而上升 (

PM10 and CO Exposure of Hong Kong Population in Public Transit Facilities

Taking public transit facilities (PTFs) is the major transport style in Hong Kong. Human exposure to indoor air pollutants may cause adverse health effects to the passengers. Exposure assessment on air pollutants is important for the control of human diseases caused by indoor air pollution. In this paper, the indoor PM10, CO and CO 2 levels in various PTFs, such as public bus, subway, railway and ferry in Hong Kong, were mea- sured. Combining with the time budget survey of Hong Kong population,the human exposures were calculated through Monte-Carlo simulation.