Nano-ZnO desulfurizer doped with cerium was prepared by homogeneous precipitation. The bulk and surface structures were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, XPS and TEM. The desulfurizing performance at ambient temperature w...Nano-ZnO desulfurizer doped with cerium was prepared by homogeneous precipitation. The bulk and surface structures were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, XPS and TEM. The desulfurizing performance at ambient temperature was studied. The results show that at ambient temperature the desulfurizing activities of nano-Ce-ZnO desulfurizer are closely related to the particle size, the electron density on desulfurizer surface and the quantity of active sites. Compared with nano-ZnO, nano-Ce-ZnO desulfurizer calcined at 270 ℃ showed smaller particle size and higher surface electron density, which favored the adsorption and reaction of H2S, resulting in improved desulfurizing activity at ambient temperature since the quantity of Zn(2-δ)+ became greater by electron gain of zinc ion from cerium ion. The tendency for zinc and cerium to be separated out as individual oxide from Ce-ZnO desulfurizer would increase as the calcination temperature was raised. The enrichment of cerium on the surface of ZnO made decrease the active sites for H2S adsorption, which led to the decrease in desulfurization activity at ambient temperature.展开更多
采用均匀沉淀法制备了铁掺杂纳米氧化锌脱硫剂,利用XRD和BET手段对脱硫剂进行了表征,优化了铁的掺杂量,并探讨了焙烧温度、脱硫温度和氧含量等因素对脱除H2S性能的影响。结果表明,铁的掺杂使脱硫剂的比表面积和孔容增大,当Fe∶Zn的摩尔...采用均匀沉淀法制备了铁掺杂纳米氧化锌脱硫剂,利用XRD和BET手段对脱硫剂进行了表征,优化了铁的掺杂量,并探讨了焙烧温度、脱硫温度和氧含量等因素对脱除H2S性能的影响。结果表明,铁的掺杂使脱硫剂的比表面积和孔容增大,当Fe∶Zn的摩尔比为5∶100(FZ5.0)时其活性最好。FZ5.0脱硫剂适用于室温脱硫,当样品的焙烧温度为270℃,氧含量为10%,穿透时间达到370 m in时,脱硫性能最佳。展开更多
An iodine‐catalyzed sulfenylation of pyrazoles at room temperature is described,in which a variety of pyrazoles were well tolerated and the desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields.
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) battery is a promising choice for the next generation of high-energy rechargeable batteries, but its application is impeded by the high dissolution of the polysulfides in commonly used organic ele...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) battery is a promising choice for the next generation of high-energy rechargeable batteries, but its application is impeded by the high dissolution of the polysulfides in commonly used organic electrolyte. Room temperature ionic liquids(RTILs) have been considered as appealing candidates for the electrolytes in Li-S batteries. We investigated the effect of cations in RTILs on the electrochemical performance for Li-S batteries. Ex situ investigation of lithium anode for Li-S batteries indicates that during the discharge/charge process the RTIL with N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidine cations(P13) can effectively suppress the dissolution of the polysulfides, whereas the RTIL with 1-methyl-3-propyl imidazolium cation(PMIM) barely alleviates the shuttling problem. With 0.5 mol L-1 LiTFSI/P13 TFSI as the electrolyte of Li-S battery, the ketjen black/ sulfur cathode material exhibits high capacity and remarkable cycling stability, which promise the application of the P13-based RTILs in Li-S batteries.展开更多
NOx and N2O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils （CASS） cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales, Australia. Two series of short-term measurement...NOx and N2O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils （CASS） cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales, Australia. Two series of short-term measurements were made using chambers and micrometeorological techniques. Series i occurred during the wet season, the water-filled pore space （WFPS） was between 60%-80% and the site flooded during the measurements. Measurements were made directly after the harvest of soybean crop, which fixed an estimated 100 kg N ha-1, and the emission amounted to 3.2 kg NOx-N ha-1 （12 d） and 1.8 kg N20-N ha-1 （5 d）. Series 2 was made towards the end of the dry season when the WFPS was less than 60%. In Series 2-1 after an application of 50 kg N ha-1, emissions were markedly less, amounting to 0.9 kg N ha 1 over 10 d. During both series when the soil was moist, emissions of NOx were larger than those of N2O. The emission of NOx appeared to be haphazard, with little time dependence, but there was a clear diurnal cycle for N2O, emphasising the need for continuous measurement procedures for both gases. These results suggest that agricultural production on CASS could be important sources of greenhouse gases and nitrogen practices will need to be optimised to reduce the offsite effects of atmospheric warming, acidification or nitrification. Many questions still remain unanswered such as the emissions during the soybean bean filling stage and crop residue decomposition, the longer-term losses following the fertiliser application and emissions from CASS under different land uses.展开更多
文摘Nano-ZnO desulfurizer doped with cerium was prepared by homogeneous precipitation. The bulk and surface structures were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, XPS and TEM. The desulfurizing performance at ambient temperature was studied. The results show that at ambient temperature the desulfurizing activities of nano-Ce-ZnO desulfurizer are closely related to the particle size, the electron density on desulfurizer surface and the quantity of active sites. Compared with nano-ZnO, nano-Ce-ZnO desulfurizer calcined at 270 ℃ showed smaller particle size and higher surface electron density, which favored the adsorption and reaction of H2S, resulting in improved desulfurizing activity at ambient temperature since the quantity of Zn(2-δ)+ became greater by electron gain of zinc ion from cerium ion. The tendency for zinc and cerium to be separated out as individual oxide from Ce-ZnO desulfurizer would increase as the calcination temperature was raised. The enrichment of cerium on the surface of ZnO made decrease the active sites for H2S adsorption, which led to the decrease in desulfurization activity at ambient temperature.
文摘采用均匀沉淀法制备了铁掺杂纳米氧化锌脱硫剂,利用XRD和BET手段对脱硫剂进行了表征,优化了铁的掺杂量,并探讨了焙烧温度、脱硫温度和氧含量等因素对脱除H2S性能的影响。结果表明,铁的掺杂使脱硫剂的比表面积和孔容增大,当Fe∶Zn的摩尔比为5∶100(FZ5.0)时其活性最好。FZ5.0脱硫剂适用于室温脱硫,当样品的焙烧温度为270℃,氧含量为10%,穿透时间达到370 m in时,脱硫性能最佳。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21402103,21772107,31471808)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(150030)the Research Fund of Qingdao Agricultural University's Highlevel Person(631303)~~
文摘An iodine‐catalyzed sulfenylation of pyrazoles at room temperature is described,in which a variety of pyrazoles were well tolerated and the desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields.
基金supported by the"Strategic Priority Research Program"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA09010300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51225204,91127044,U1301244,21121063)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB935700,2012CB932900)the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) battery is a promising choice for the next generation of high-energy rechargeable batteries, but its application is impeded by the high dissolution of the polysulfides in commonly used organic electrolyte. Room temperature ionic liquids(RTILs) have been considered as appealing candidates for the electrolytes in Li-S batteries. We investigated the effect of cations in RTILs on the electrochemical performance for Li-S batteries. Ex situ investigation of lithium anode for Li-S batteries indicates that during the discharge/charge process the RTIL with N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidine cations(P13) can effectively suppress the dissolution of the polysulfides, whereas the RTIL with 1-methyl-3-propyl imidazolium cation(PMIM) barely alleviates the shuttling problem. With 0.5 mol L-1 LiTFSI/P13 TFSI as the electrolyte of Li-S battery, the ketjen black/ sulfur cathode material exhibits high capacity and remarkable cycling stability, which promise the application of the P13-based RTILs in Li-S batteries.
基金Supported by the Australian Research Council,Australia (No. LP0219475)
文摘NOx and N2O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils （CASS） cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales, Australia. Two series of short-term measurements were made using chambers and micrometeorological techniques. Series i occurred during the wet season, the water-filled pore space （WFPS） was between 60%-80% and the site flooded during the measurements. Measurements were made directly after the harvest of soybean crop, which fixed an estimated 100 kg N ha-1, and the emission amounted to 3.2 kg NOx-N ha-1 （12 d） and 1.8 kg N20-N ha-1 （5 d）. Series 2 was made towards the end of the dry season when the WFPS was less than 60%. In Series 2-1 after an application of 50 kg N ha-1, emissions were markedly less, amounting to 0.9 kg N ha 1 over 10 d. During both series when the soil was moist, emissions of NOx were larger than those of N2O. The emission of NOx appeared to be haphazard, with little time dependence, but there was a clear diurnal cycle for N2O, emphasising the need for continuous measurement procedures for both gases. These results suggest that agricultural production on CASS could be important sources of greenhouse gases and nitrogen practices will need to be optimised to reduce the offsite effects of atmospheric warming, acidification or nitrification. Many questions still remain unanswered such as the emissions during the soybean bean filling stage and crop residue decomposition, the longer-term losses following the fertiliser application and emissions from CASS under different land uses.
