西方星占宫位制在中国古代的传播

自域外传入的天宫图星占学是中国古代星占学的重要组成部分,宫位制则是天宫图星占学的基础。本文系统考察了宫位制在不同历史时期的传播情况。研究发现,宫位制在中国主要经历了两期传入与本土化过程。第一期至迟从唐代开始,直到明末结束,是整宫制一枝独秀的时期。第二期发轫于明末清初欧洲星占学的传入,一直到清末,是雷格蒙塔努斯宫位制传播与整宫制继续使用的时期。

An Investigation of the Potential Malignant Characteristics of Endometriosis

OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential malignant characteristics and pathogenesis of endometriosis as well as the role of human growth hormone and epidermal growth factor receptor in the pathogenesis of malignant transformation of endometriosis. METHODS The immunohistochemical S-P method was used to examine the expression of human growth hormone and epidermal growth factor receptor in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of 84 cases of endometriosis. RESULTS The percentage of positive cases of human growth hormone in eutopic and ectopic endometrium was 90.77% （59/65） and 85.71% （72/ 84） respectively. The percentage of positive cases of epidermal growth factor receptor in eutopic and ectopic endometrium was 81.54% （53/65） and 89.29% （75/84） respectively. The positive rate of epidermal growth factor receptor in ectopic endometrium was higher than that in the eutopic endometrium but without a statistically significant difference （P〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION Endometriosis is caused by multiple factors, which possesses some biologic features of neoplastic tissue such as invasion and metastasis. Both human growth hormone and epidermal growth factor receptor are highly expressed in eutopic and ectopic endometrium, which lead directly or indirectly to the pathogenesis of endometriosis and promote the initiation and malignant transformation of endometriosis.

Effect of warming Yang and removing blood stasis method on matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases levels secreted by cultured endometrial cells from patients with endometriosis

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Chinese medicines using the warming Yang and removing blood stasis method on levels of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)/tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases(TIMPs) secreted by cultured endometrial cells from patients with endometriosis.METHODS:Ectopic and eutopic endometrial cells obtaind from 15 endometriosis patients were cultured in vitro,and divided randomly into five groups:high dose;moderate dose;low dose;nemestran;blank control.The three dose groups were treated with a decoction prepared according to the principle of warming Yang and removing blood stasis;nemestran and 0.9%NaCI were administered to the nemestran group and balnk control group,respectively.Eutopic endometrial cells obtaind from 10 hysteromyoma patients were cultured in vitro,as the normal control group,0.9%NaCI were administered to the normal control group.Cell culture supernatants were collected and levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2(TIMP-2) detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:Compared with the normal control group,levels of MMP-1,MMP-2,and MMP-9 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium cell supernatants in the blank control group were increased,whereas levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were decreased(P <0.05).Compared with the blank control group,levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in ectopic and eutopic endometrium cell supernatants cultured in low-dose,middle-dose,and high-dose groups were decreased,whereas levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were increased significantly(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The warming Yang and removing blood stasis method affects expression of MMPs andTIMPs.