论大学生思想政治教育中的家国类比思维

从家国类比思维的历史渊源入手 ,分析了大学生思想政治教育中简单地用家国类比方法进行爱国主义教育的弊端 ,指出只有用科学的方法、国家观念、宪法精神进行教育 ,才能有利于大学生形成现代国家理念。

Comparative analysis on soil engineering classifications of China and America

Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory engineering classification methods were discussed and analyzed from the aspects of the definition in particle fraction, classification of soil type and evaluation standard for soil gradation. There is a same limit of fine grains fraction in the two standards, and there are three main types of soil in GB/T 50145-2007 and two in ASTM D-2487. Different evaluation standards of gradation are put forward for gravels and sands in ASTM D-2487. Same criteria of A line, B line and controlling value of plastic index are in the plasticity chart of both standards.

感激原则与政治义务

感激原则有时候被用来解释和证成公民的政治义务,根据这种理论,公民的政治义务说到底是一种感激义务。基于家国类比的感激理论夸大了家庭与国家的相似之处;从感激义务的积极方面出发去解释和证成政治义务的尝试由于将感激国家的义务限定于服从法律,从而与感激表达方式的可选择性相违背;从感激义务的消极方面出发去解释和证成政治义务的进路虽然可以避免前一种进路的缺陷,但无论是将政治义务看作对国家的感激义务还是对其他所有公民的感激义务都有失妥当,而且这种进路也不能解释政治义务的复杂性。感激理论所面临的种种问题表明,我们不能把政治义务建立在感激原则的基础之上。