Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and som...Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and some related interest dependents. And it is a sense of value, discipline and respect to the people, community and environment-related policies of the enterprise. Obviously, the core of the notion refers to a commitment of the enterprise in order to improve living standard of related interest counterparts. Nowadays, entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility has been not only an ethical call, but also an institutional constraint. The consensus is that in operation process an enterprise should take into account of its economic, social and ethical effects on consumers, staffs, shareholders, communities, local governments and environment and make a better prospect to them. Based on this point of view, by field work and questionnaire method, this paper discusses specifically the interaction between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and local development of the Pudong New Area, a China＇s largest special economic zone in Shanghai to explore dynamics of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities, growth of the local economy and their roles in promoting flexible innovation networks for sustainable futures. This involves： a. notion of the entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility; b. current state and trend of TNCs＇ R＆D activities; c. mode and linkage tightness between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and the local economy; d. main problems of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities in Pudong; e. the context of flexible innovation networks; and f. manner and ways in creation of flexible innovation networks.展开更多
This article is concerned with the influence of welfare culture on society＇s old age support institutions and practice. It examines the development of old age support programs in contemporary China from a cultural pe...This article is concerned with the influence of welfare culture on society＇s old age support institutions and practice. It examines the development of old age support programs in contemporary China from a cultural perspective in an attempt to reveal the interaction between social welfare patterns for the elderly and social policy-makers＇ conception of social welfare and traditional social welfare culture. What stands in the way of the transition of Chinese social welfare for the elderly fi＇om a residual to an institutional model is a value system founded on restrictions and lack of awareness of civil fights. These factors limit the role of social welfare in narrowing the gaps between different social strata in the aged population and lead to inequitable welfare resource distribution. Although an aging population and the diffusion of welfare state culture are pushing the Chinese social welfare system toward diversified development, its final establishment still depends on a reexamination by the public and policy-makers of the relationship between individual citizens and the state.展开更多
In order to understand the impact of land tenure change on the land use after the Responsibility System was carried out after the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, 147 households in 6 villages, be...In order to understand the impact of land tenure change on the land use after the Responsibility System was carried out after the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, 147 households in 6 villages, belonging Xiangtan County and Zhuzhou County in Hunan Province, were selected as research samples, and the methods of interviewing and questionnaire surveying and secondary data analyzing were used. The results show that after having got the tenure of paddies, the farmers could determine the management projects according to the market demands, which caused the diversity of cultivated crop species and improved the efficient of land use. For the forestland, after having gotten the tenure of forestland, the farmers could adjust the structure of forest types and managed bamboo and orchards to get more earnings or they gave up managing forests and changed them into other projects. But that made the stability of agricultural ecological system unsteady because the forests were damaged seriously. After the tenure of land was separated from the ownership of land, the farmers who had the tenure of land could deal with the tenure of land according to laws and policies, and that caused the tenure of land to be rented-in and rented-out.展开更多
文摘Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and some related interest dependents. And it is a sense of value, discipline and respect to the people, community and environment-related policies of the enterprise. Obviously, the core of the notion refers to a commitment of the enterprise in order to improve living standard of related interest counterparts. Nowadays, entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility has been not only an ethical call, but also an institutional constraint. The consensus is that in operation process an enterprise should take into account of its economic, social and ethical effects on consumers, staffs, shareholders, communities, local governments and environment and make a better prospect to them. Based on this point of view, by field work and questionnaire method, this paper discusses specifically the interaction between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and local development of the Pudong New Area, a China＇s largest special economic zone in Shanghai to explore dynamics of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities, growth of the local economy and their roles in promoting flexible innovation networks for sustainable futures. This involves： a. notion of the entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility; b. current state and trend of TNCs＇ R＆D activities; c. mode and linkage tightness between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and the local economy; d. main problems of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities in Pudong; e. the context of flexible innovation networks; and f. manner and ways in creation of flexible innovation networks.
文摘This article is concerned with the influence of welfare culture on society＇s old age support institutions and practice. It examines the development of old age support programs in contemporary China from a cultural perspective in an attempt to reveal the interaction between social welfare patterns for the elderly and social policy-makers＇ conception of social welfare and traditional social welfare culture. What stands in the way of the transition of Chinese social welfare for the elderly fi＇om a residual to an institutional model is a value system founded on restrictions and lack of awareness of civil fights. These factors limit the role of social welfare in narrowing the gaps between different social strata in the aged population and lead to inequitable welfare resource distribution. Although an aging population and the diffusion of welfare state culture are pushing the Chinese social welfare system toward diversified development, its final establishment still depends on a reexamination by the public and policy-makers of the relationship between individual citizens and the state.
文摘In order to understand the impact of land tenure change on the land use after the Responsibility System was carried out after the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, 147 households in 6 villages, belonging Xiangtan County and Zhuzhou County in Hunan Province, were selected as research samples, and the methods of interviewing and questionnaire surveying and secondary data analyzing were used. The results show that after having got the tenure of paddies, the farmers could determine the management projects according to the market demands, which caused the diversity of cultivated crop species and improved the efficient of land use. For the forestland, after having gotten the tenure of forestland, the farmers could adjust the structure of forest types and managed bamboo and orchards to get more earnings or they gave up managing forests and changed them into other projects. But that made the stability of agricultural ecological system unsteady because the forests were damaged seriously. After the tenure of land was separated from the ownership of land, the farmers who had the tenure of land could deal with the tenure of land according to laws and policies, and that caused the tenure of land to be rented-in and rented-out.
