Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society c...Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society cannot be described using the approach of strict causality. However, dignifying life of the mankind is doubtful without elaborated scheme of social evolution and universal guiding line for the control over the further aociety evolution. General logica of social evolution can be traced by the change of human position in a society. Describing this change with the help of the activity-value approach one can construct ideal types of such evolutionary stages as wilderness, barbarism, civilization. The study of features and properties of ideal types of social evolution stages shows the regularity of two natural civilizations appearance： home-service civilization and market one. Countries of home-service civilization are ancient Egypt, China, and Russia （since Moscow Kingdom arose）. Athens, Novgorod Republic and Western countries are examples of the market civilization. The study of the market civilization properties shows that its long existence is doubtful. Authors propose an ideal type of spirit-game civilization as a long-term guiding line for the controlled social evolution. Control over evolution could save mankind and solve their main problems.展开更多
The Merchant of Venice （1914）, as one of the greatest works by Shakespeare, is a comedy. It addresses various themes. It is much more than a study of the struggles between Christians and Jews; it also deals with lov...The Merchant of Venice （1914）, as one of the greatest works by Shakespeare, is a comedy. It addresses various themes. It is much more than a study of the struggles between Christians and Jews; it also deals with love and self-sacrifice, hatred and revenge, and friendship and marriage. It is a victory of Christians against Jews. But, at a more profound level, the play is ultimately a tragedy which functions as a cautionary exposure on the social problems of prejudice, hypocrisy and the family relationships. The paper begins by addressing the prejudice that is a dominant theme throughout the play. It also contends that the hypocrisy is prevalent in Venetian society. Then, Shylock, as the tragic hero in the play is analyzed. The final part deals with the problem of family relationships. By exposing grave deficiencies in Venetian Society, the play obliges us to make a critical moral judgment on humanity and establish correct philosophy of life and values展开更多
Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional soci...Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional social relations, maintaining the main legal norms of social order, Family law as one of the most important traditional Chinese society, the legal system, and the state law regulating social order constitute the dual legal structure. And its fundamental purpose is to maintain social harmony and stability of the feudal rule of order.展开更多
文摘Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society cannot be described using the approach of strict causality. However, dignifying life of the mankind is doubtful without elaborated scheme of social evolution and universal guiding line for the control over the further aociety evolution. General logica of social evolution can be traced by the change of human position in a society. Describing this change with the help of the activity-value approach one can construct ideal types of such evolutionary stages as wilderness, barbarism, civilization. The study of features and properties of ideal types of social evolution stages shows the regularity of two natural civilizations appearance： home-service civilization and market one. Countries of home-service civilization are ancient Egypt, China, and Russia （since Moscow Kingdom arose）. Athens, Novgorod Republic and Western countries are examples of the market civilization. The study of the market civilization properties shows that its long existence is doubtful. Authors propose an ideal type of spirit-game civilization as a long-term guiding line for the controlled social evolution. Control over evolution could save mankind and solve their main problems.
文摘The Merchant of Venice （1914）, as one of the greatest works by Shakespeare, is a comedy. It addresses various themes. It is much more than a study of the struggles between Christians and Jews; it also deals with love and self-sacrifice, hatred and revenge, and friendship and marriage. It is a victory of Christians against Jews. But, at a more profound level, the play is ultimately a tragedy which functions as a cautionary exposure on the social problems of prejudice, hypocrisy and the family relationships. The paper begins by addressing the prejudice that is a dominant theme throughout the play. It also contends that the hypocrisy is prevalent in Venetian society. Then, Shylock, as the tragic hero in the play is analyzed. The final part deals with the problem of family relationships. By exposing grave deficiencies in Venetian Society, the play obliges us to make a critical moral judgment on humanity and establish correct philosophy of life and values
文摘Chinese traditional family-based society is the legal basis for political, patriarchal hierarchy and national politics Consistent hierarchy, as represented by the family law civil law is to adjust the traditional social relations, maintaining the main legal norms of social order, Family law as one of the most important traditional Chinese society, the legal system, and the state law regulating social order constitute the dual legal structure. And its fundamental purpose is to maintain social harmony and stability of the feudal rule of order.
