“金融照料链条”:再生产领域的金融化——以上海家政产业链形成过程为例

目前经济社会学对金融化的研究主要集中在对生产领域内金融化过程及其后果的考察,对于包括家庭和个人的家务、育儿和照料等再生产领域的金融化关注较少。本文在以上领域引入性别视角,通过马克思主义女性主义的“社会再生产”框架,以上海家政产业为案例,考察金融化对再生产领域的影响。金融资本进入上海家政产业之后,不仅打破了以中介型家政公司占主导的自由竞争型的家政市场,形成了家政O2O平台模式、家政O2O自营模式和家政中介型模式并存的三种公司形态,并且根据金融资本的多寡形成了等级化的“金融照料链条”。其具有两个特征:一是三种不同类型的行动主体紧密联系;二是三种行动主体之间存在等级关系,中介型家政公司依附和从属于另外两种类型的公司,而家政O2O平台公司试图借助金融和互联网技术掌控整个“金融照料链条”。再生产领域的金融化一方面让不同的公司之间建立起联系,另一方面这种紧密的联系又更便于资本的操纵,因此,“金融照料链条”的建立也带来了家政产业内部的分化和垄断,这对于再生产领域的发展带来了一定的挑战。

家政产业化发展研究

家政服务业是一项新兴职业,有着广阔的市场。但因社会和家政工自身的低职业认同度,家政从业人员的积极性不断降低。本文建议从社会公众和家政工自身两方面提高家政职业认同,从而改善家政工的职业地位,使家政从业人员的地位有所提升,进而推动家政服务业规范、繁荣发展。

“家政兴农”背景下数字经济驱动十堰家政服务产业转型升级路径研究

家政服务产业化、规模化、集群化发展离不开数字经济的驱动。以十堰地区家政服务产业发展为例,系统梳理分析当前地方家政产业数字经济发展现状与出现的问题,提出建设数字化家政诚信体系,实现数字化家政考核机制,增强家政数字技能人才培养等路径措施,以期促进家政产业高质量发展,助力“家政兴农”建设。

中国家政产业发展与民办高校的人才培养

编者按:家政产业是满足人民对美好生活向往的民生产业。近年来,中国家政服务业保持良好发展势头,产业规模持续扩大,产业发展前景巨大。然而,目前家政产业还面临诸多挑战,产业发展除了良好的政策环境外,关键还需要人才资源。在此背景下,第20届亚洲区家政学会国际双年会在杭州举行,这是关于家政学学科发展、人口老龄化、家政产业发展和家政人才培养等主题的学术盛会,促进了中国学界、业界与亚洲各国乃至世界的交流。此文是浙江树人大学校长、浙江省家政服务人才培养培训联盟理事长徐绪卿在大会上发表的家政学国家报告,全文高瞻远瞩、文风隽永,尤其是作者提出的民办高校应深度参与家政人才培养和培训的观点,富有见地。现将全文刊载如下,以飨读者。

关于河南家政服务产业化的社会学思考

家政服务的产业化,其内涵是指对家政服务的投入和产出要以市场运作为基本手段,以经济效益与社会效益的统一为主要价值目标指向,依靠社会政策的引导、专门的职业技能培训和先进传媒的推介,使这项日常生活领域内的全方位服务能达到满足社会公众需求的规模化、规范化和专业化经营的程度.为实现家政服务发展的这一理想目标,政府及其职能部门应采取制订切实可行的发展家政服务业的中长期社会规划、给予该行业的发展以各种政策支持、加大对该行业重要性的宣传教育及发展趋向的研究、加强从业人员队伍的建设等举措,去认真对待之.

乡村振兴战略下高职院校服务地方经济发展路径研究——基于十堰家政服务产业发展实践

为全面落实《现代职业教育体系建设规划》,充分发挥地方职业教育在推动地方经济产业发展中的重要作用,全面实施乡村振兴战略。本文结合十堰市家政服务产业发展,通过调研分析发现地方高职院校在服务家政产业发展中存在政府引导与校企合作动力不足、服务质量差等问题。立足于十堰地方家政产业与高职院校发展实际,提出强化政府引导、深化行校企协同育人机制,达到“家政兴农”,助力乡村振兴目标。

产教融合下家政服务产业“政校行企”协同人才培养研究——以十堰家政服务产业模式为例

随着国家对家政服务产业扶持力度的加强,及社会对家政服务人才需求激增,培养高质量家政服务管理人才成为当前人才培养的重点。而目前在产教融合方面家政服务产业与教育融合不足,校企合作层次低,长效机制缺乏,职业教师队伍建设滞后,课程体系不合理等问题,严重影响家政服务人才的培养。结合十堰家政服务领域,提出适合地方家政产业“政校行企”协同人才培养创新模式,以期为社会输送更优质、更高素质的家政服务管理技术技能人才。

泸州市家政服务产业发展问题与对策研究

家政服务业是满足家庭生活服务需求的朝阳产业,是完善城市功能的重要民生工程。当前,泸州市家政服务产业发展迅速,但也存在一些问题,文章立足于泸州家政服务产业发展中存在的问题,提出从政府宏观规划、提升服务品质、推动平台建设、强化行业监管等方面促进产业健康发展。

Relying on Secondary Industry to Drive National Policy and Reinvigorate China＇s Economy

China is a large, developing economy now entering the second half of the intermediate stage of industrialization. It is inadequate for China at this time to perceive industrial development as a part of its industrial strategy. Rather, industrial development should be discussed and developed using a wider lens, as part of state strategy and responding to national conditions. This paper argues that, for China to progress further, it must transition from being simply a large industrial country to being a true industrial power. The paper presents characteristics and indicators that describe the world＇s industrial powers. China should focus strategically on development via invigorating industry - this idea and its related objectives, key tasks, and policy directions make up the Industry-Invigorating-China Strategy. The author prediets that China will develop the basic qualities of an industrial power by 2020, and it will achieve full industrial power status by 2040.

When the Butter Got Done： The Resilience of Indigenous Design Processes During Dictatorial Regime in Uganda Between 1971-1978 and Their Continued Use in Kiruhura District in S.W. Uganda

Although African continent and Uganda in particular experienced the influence of the western economies which came with exploration, missionary work, and colonialism, and which put the indigenous design creativity to sleep, communities have continued to show resilience in utilizing indigenous design processes whenever there is a shift in the cosmetic African-West relationship. This paper describes and assesses how indigenous processes become fundamental and sustained a fragile economy of Uganda after the military takeover of government by Idi Amin in 1971. It looks at how Ugandan artisans employed their long forgotten skills in designing processes that allowed communities to function. For example artisans made spare parts for the abandoned factories, made soap, and processed salt for consumption. The paper takes a pro-vocal approach and traces how this worked, how it is still working even when the country is presumably peaceful with the majority of the population engaged in agriculture production. The author carried out an ethnographic study on 90 participants in Kiruhura district in S.W. Uganda to establish how families integrate indigenous design processes in their daily activities. The author investigated why families continue to use indigenous material cultural items such as carvings, pottery, baskets, and iron work yet government policy emphases commercial agriculture. Results indicate that most families still use indigenous design processes in agriculture, housing, and treatment because of the superficial and unstructured ability by most families to use western made technologies, and that many of them do not have the necessary resources to acquire the modern technology. Results further indicate that families have a special attachment to indigenous materials which gives them an identity and ownership and that some items work better than the Western designed products. The paper concludes that those indigenous design processes are fundamentally good opportunities for entrepreneur actions that could be viable household enterprises. In addition to improving household incomes, the author theorize that re-engaging indigenous design processes, may facilitate ownership, resilience, and creativity of indigenous African creativity and design processes that could lead to sustainable development.

The Role of China's High-Tech Zones in Its Regional Economic Development

National high-tech industrial development zones represent a major strategy of the Chinese government in developing high-tech industries and spurring regional economic growth. The effect of this policy is yet to be proven. Based on the panel data of 283 Chinese cities between 1984 and 2012, this paper investigates the effect of high-tech zones on regional economic development. Empirical results suggest that first, national hightech zones have remarkably enhanced regional GDP and per capita GDP growth, and this conclusion still holds true after multiple rounds of robustness test; second, the economic effect of national high-tech zones is subject to diminishing marginal return and compared with higher-tier cities, lower-tier cities benefited more from the creation of national hightech zones. This paper concludes that national high-tech zones where special policies are experimented and offered not only drive economic development but, if properly distributed across regions, may help reduce regional economic disparities as well. The results of this study provide important implications for the future distribution of national high-tech zones and the creation of other relevant policies.

第20届亚洲区家政学会国际双年会综述

编者按:家庭是社会的细胞,最大限度地实现家庭幸福,才能真正实现社会稳定、国泰民安,而国家发展、社会繁荣的终极目的是为了提高人民福祉。以家庭生活为主要研究对象,以提高家庭生活质量、提升家庭成员素质、造福全人类为目的的家政学,正显示出强大的生命力,历久弥新。随着人民生活水平的不断提高、人口结构的变化和家政产业的兴起,人民对美好生活更加期待,也为家政学研究指明了方向。在这一背景下,第20届亚洲区家政学会国际双年会在杭州举行,这是该国际性学术会议首次在中国大陆举行。与会代表就家政学各领域的研究发表了各自的见解,共同探讨家政学如何提高全年龄段人口的生活质量。现将此次大会的主要观点呈现给方家。