为研究冰雪条件下城市路网容量可靠性,采用路段行程时间可靠性及容量为约束条件进行研究.定义了冰雪条件下的路网容量可靠性概念,以BPR(Bureau of Public Roads)函数为基础,通过引入自由行程时间及通行能力修正函数,建立了适用于冰雪条...为研究冰雪条件下城市路网容量可靠性,采用路段行程时间可靠性及容量为约束条件进行研究.定义了冰雪条件下的路网容量可靠性概念,以BPR(Bureau of Public Roads)函数为基础,通过引入自由行程时间及通行能力修正函数,建立了适用于冰雪条件的ISB-BPR(Ice and Snowfall Based-Bureau of Public Roads)函数,并以路段容量和遵循ISB-BPR函数的行程时间可靠性作为约束条件构建了上层规划,以符合冰雪条件出行特征的弹性需求分配模型作为下层规划,提出了适用于冰雪条件的双层规划模型.根据模型反映的路径选择行为特点,设计了灵敏度分析法求解交通量分配模型,以Monte Carlo仿真算法求解路网容量可靠性.并给出1简单算例,计算结果表明:冰雪强度及交通供需对冰雪条件下路网容量可靠性有很大影响.该模型能够用于评估冰雪条件下的路网性能,并为路网规划、设计、维护提供依据.展开更多
A reliability measure of network capacity under node capacities is introduced, using the concept of network reserve capacity, and compared with that based on link capacities. The node capacities should be considered i...A reliability measure of network capacity under node capacities is introduced, using the concept of network reserve capacity, and compared with that based on link capacities. The node capacities should be considered in to the reliability analysis of urban street networks. Providing that every origin-destination (OD) pair have a uniform growth or decline in its OD demand, whereas relaxing this limitation can yield pictures regarding the spatial distribution of the demand pattern with non-uniform change, which can be especially useful in individual zone land-use development plans.展开更多
Fault tolerance in microprocessor systems has become a popular topic of architecture research. Much work has been done at different levels to accomplish reliability against soft errors, and some fault tolerance archit...Fault tolerance in microprocessor systems has become a popular topic of architecture research. Much work has been done at different levels to accomplish reliability against soft errors, and some fault tolerance architectures have been proposed. But little attention is paid to the thread level superscalar fault tolerance. This letter introduces microthread concept into superscalar processor fault tolerance domain, and puts forward a novel fault tolerance architecture, namely, MicroThread Based (MTB) coarse grained transient fault tolerance superscalar processor architecture, then discusses some detailed implementations.展开更多
Communication network has communication capacity and connection reliability of the links. They canbe independently defined and can be used separately, and when the reliability of a communication network isanalyzed fro...Communication network has communication capacity and connection reliability of the links. They canbe independently defined and can be used separately, and when the reliability of a communication network isanalyzed from a macroscopical angle of view, it is more objective to express the performance index of a commu-nication network as a whole. The reliability index weighted capacity is just obtained by integrating these two pa-rameters. It is necessary to further study the algorithm to calculate the reliability index of the communicationnetwork with a complicated topologic structure and a whole algebraic algorithm is therefore proposed for calcula-tion of the reliability index weighted capacity of a communication network with a topologic structure. The wholecomputational procedure of the algorithm is illustrated with a typical example.展开更多
In order to evaluate and integrate travel time reliability and capacity reliability of a road network subjected to ice and snowfall conditions,the conceptions of travel time reliability and capacity reliability were d...In order to evaluate and integrate travel time reliability and capacity reliability of a road network subjected to ice and snowfall conditions,the conceptions of travel time reliability and capacity reliability were defined under special conditions.The link travel time model(ice and snowfall based-bureau public road,ISB-BPR) and the path choice decision model(elastic demand user equilibrium,EDUE) were proposed.The integrated reliability was defined and the model was set up.Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the model and a numerical example was provided to demonstrate the application of the model and efficiency of the solution algorithm.The results show that the intensity of ice and snowfall,the traffic demand and supply,and the requirements for level of service(LOS) have great influence on the reliability of a road network.For example,the reliability drops from 65% to 5% when the traffic demand increases by 30%.The comprehensive performance index may be used for network planning,design and maintenance.展开更多
The power expansion planning is large and capital intensive capacity planning. In the past, the expansion planning was established with the proper supply reliability in order to minimize social cost. However, such pla...The power expansion planning is large and capital intensive capacity planning. In the past, the expansion planning was established with the proper supply reliability in order to minimize social cost. However, such planning cannot be used in the power markets with many market participants. This paper proposed the power expansion planning process in the power markets. This system is composed of Regulator and Generation Company （GENCO）＇s model. Multi-criteria decision making rule is used for regulator model and several scenarios for GENCO model are applied.展开更多
文摘为研究冰雪条件下城市路网容量可靠性,采用路段行程时间可靠性及容量为约束条件进行研究.定义了冰雪条件下的路网容量可靠性概念,以BPR(Bureau of Public Roads)函数为基础,通过引入自由行程时间及通行能力修正函数,建立了适用于冰雪条件的ISB-BPR(Ice and Snowfall Based-Bureau of Public Roads)函数,并以路段容量和遵循ISB-BPR函数的行程时间可靠性作为约束条件构建了上层规划,以符合冰雪条件出行特征的弹性需求分配模型作为下层规划,提出了适用于冰雪条件的双层规划模型.根据模型反映的路径选择行为特点,设计了灵敏度分析法求解交通量分配模型,以Monte Carlo仿真算法求解路网容量可靠性.并给出1简单算例,计算结果表明:冰雪强度及交通供需对冰雪条件下路网容量可靠性有很大影响.该模型能够用于评估冰雪条件下的路网性能,并为路网规划、设计、维护提供依据.
文摘A reliability measure of network capacity under node capacities is introduced, using the concept of network reserve capacity, and compared with that based on link capacities. The node capacities should be considered in to the reliability analysis of urban street networks. Providing that every origin-destination (OD) pair have a uniform growth or decline in its OD demand, whereas relaxing this limitation can yield pictures regarding the spatial distribution of the demand pattern with non-uniform change, which can be especially useful in individual zone land-use development plans.
文摘Fault tolerance in microprocessor systems has become a popular topic of architecture research. Much work has been done at different levels to accomplish reliability against soft errors, and some fault tolerance architectures have been proposed. But little attention is paid to the thread level superscalar fault tolerance. This letter introduces microthread concept into superscalar processor fault tolerance domain, and puts forward a novel fault tolerance architecture, namely, MicroThread Based (MTB) coarse grained transient fault tolerance superscalar processor architecture, then discusses some detailed implementations.
基金Sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai) (Grant No. HIT(WH). 2002. 7)
文摘Communication network has communication capacity and connection reliability of the links. They canbe independently defined and can be used separately, and when the reliability of a communication network isanalyzed from a macroscopical angle of view, it is more objective to express the performance index of a commu-nication network as a whole. The reliability index weighted capacity is just obtained by integrating these two pa-rameters. It is necessary to further study the algorithm to calculate the reliability index of the communicationnetwork with a complicated topologic structure and a whole algebraic algorithm is therefore proposed for calcula-tion of the reliability index weighted capacity of a communication network with a topologic structure. The wholecomputational procedure of the algorithm is illustrated with a typical example.
基金Project(E200940) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, ChinaProject(2009GC20008020) supported by the Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong Province, China
文摘In order to evaluate and integrate travel time reliability and capacity reliability of a road network subjected to ice and snowfall conditions,the conceptions of travel time reliability and capacity reliability were defined under special conditions.The link travel time model(ice and snowfall based-bureau public road,ISB-BPR) and the path choice decision model(elastic demand user equilibrium,EDUE) were proposed.The integrated reliability was defined and the model was set up.Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the model and a numerical example was provided to demonstrate the application of the model and efficiency of the solution algorithm.The results show that the intensity of ice and snowfall,the traffic demand and supply,and the requirements for level of service(LOS) have great influence on the reliability of a road network.For example,the reliability drops from 65% to 5% when the traffic demand increases by 30%.The comprehensive performance index may be used for network planning,design and maintenance.
文摘The power expansion planning is large and capital intensive capacity planning. In the past, the expansion planning was established with the proper supply reliability in order to minimize social cost. However, such planning cannot be used in the power markets with many market participants. This paper proposed the power expansion planning process in the power markets. This system is composed of Regulator and Generation Company （GENCO）＇s model. Multi-criteria decision making rule is used for regulator model and several scenarios for GENCO model are applied.
