风扇宽频涡流气动噪声分析及降噪

为降低风扇的宽频涡流气动噪声,基于风扇气动噪声仿真流程和声比拟理论,采用流体仿真软件STAR-CCM+建立三维模型,计算风扇叶片时域脉动压力,并与声学软件LMS virtual lab扇声源分区合成的风扇叶片时域脉动压力对比,对风扇噪声进行仿真计算和整车噪声测试验证。将风扇护风罩与风扇叶尖间隙由15 mm调整为5 mm,并对比优化前后仿真计算与整车噪声测试结果。结果表明:STAR-CCM+软件计算的风扇叶片时域脉动压力曲线与声学软件LMS virtual lab扇声源分区合成的风扇叶片时域脉动压力曲线吻合度较好;LMS test lab软件仿真分析频谱与整车噪声测试结果声压级相对误差为0.56%,结果基本一致;风扇护风罩与风扇叶尖间隙由15 mm调整为5 mm后,仿真计算和整车测试噪声声压级均方根分别降低了约9.00、4.00 dB,降噪效果明显。

Influence of the Karman Vortex Street on the Broadband Noise Generated from a Multiblade Fan

In the prediction theory for the broadband noise generated from a multiblade fan, the vortices in the Karman vortex street was divided into n pieces. The frequency distribution of the noise was estimated so that the Strouhal number could become constant even if the wake is spread by the diffusion. From the results of the measurement of the internal flow of the fan, it was found that the noise was related to the wake characteristics of the specific location in the scroll casing where the relative flow velocity was high. The noise operating in the vicinity of the maximum efficiency point of the fan was distributed over the domain from 500 Hz to 1250 Hz. It was experimentally proved that the influence of the Karman vortex street on the noise in the domains of high and low frequencies did not exist when the distribution of the estimated sound pressure level corresponded to the measured broadband noise.