Objective: To observe human to mouse one way mixed lymphocyte(MLC); And to set up the xeno-grats verse host disease Xeno-graft host disease(XGVHD) model,probing its immunologic mechamism.Methods: Mouse splenic lympho...Objective: To observe human to mouse one way mixed lymphocyte(MLC); And to set up the xeno-grats verse host disease Xeno-graft host disease(XGVHD) model,probing its immunologic mechamism.Methods: Mouse splenic lymphocyte were collected in asepsis and treated by mitomycin as activating cell. Human Peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBL)were separated and gathered as reacting cell; Mouse splenic lymphocyte and hPBL were mixed to incubate for a week. Destroying recipient (mouse) immune system by total body irradiation (TBI) and intraperitoneal injecting CTX、MTX; Separating and collecting hPBL; Injecting hPBL to mouse by caudal vein. Results; ①HPBL in the experiment groups(mixed mouse lymphocyte) proliferated obviously, the amount of 3H-TdR in corporation increased evidently(P<0.05); The mean percentage of CD 4、CD 8、IgG 、IgM positive cells rose markedly. ②Experiment groups,the hPBL were found in the spleen and kidney tissue, fas protein expressing, we occasionally discovered and apoptosis cells.Conclusion: The human to mouse one-way MLC has obvious lymphocyte proliferation. By these means,we succeed in inducing XGVHD and setting up a XGVHD model.展开更多
Avian brood parasitism is a model system for studies of coevolution and ecological interactions between parasites and their hosts. However, recent work may have led to misconceptions concerning the Brown-headed Cowbir...Avian brood parasitism is a model system for studies of coevolution and ecological interactions between parasites and their hosts. However, recent work may have led to misconceptions concerning the Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater), the most widely studied brood parasitic bird in the world, and its effects on host species. Potential misconceptions about this species that could affect management issues are as follows: cowbird populations are increasing; cowbirds are relatively new to North America; recently exposed hosts are defenseless against parasitism; cowbirds have caused widespread declines of songbirds; and cowbird control is always effective in increasing the size of endangered host populations. Potential coevolutionary misconceptions are that cowbirds are typically 'host tolerant'; cowbirds evict host nestmates; and the mafia effect is widespread. It is important to clarify these issues because such misconceptions could hinder our understanding of parasite-host interactions, and thus obscure the direction of basic research and of management efforts taken to limit cowbird impacts on endangered species. We discuss these issues and suggest future research directions to enhance our understanding of this fascinating species.展开更多
文摘Objective: To observe human to mouse one way mixed lymphocyte(MLC); And to set up the xeno-grats verse host disease Xeno-graft host disease(XGVHD) model,probing its immunologic mechamism.Methods: Mouse splenic lymphocyte were collected in asepsis and treated by mitomycin as activating cell. Human Peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBL)were separated and gathered as reacting cell; Mouse splenic lymphocyte and hPBL were mixed to incubate for a week. Destroying recipient (mouse) immune system by total body irradiation (TBI) and intraperitoneal injecting CTX、MTX; Separating and collecting hPBL; Injecting hPBL to mouse by caudal vein. Results; ①HPBL in the experiment groups(mixed mouse lymphocyte) proliferated obviously, the amount of 3H-TdR in corporation increased evidently(P<0.05); The mean percentage of CD 4、CD 8、IgG 、IgM positive cells rose markedly. ②Experiment groups,the hPBL were found in the spleen and kidney tissue, fas protein expressing, we occasionally discovered and apoptosis cells.Conclusion: The human to mouse one-way MLC has obvious lymphocyte proliferation. By these means,we succeed in inducing XGVHD and setting up a XGVHD model.
文摘Avian brood parasitism is a model system for studies of coevolution and ecological interactions between parasites and their hosts. However, recent work may have led to misconceptions concerning the Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater), the most widely studied brood parasitic bird in the world, and its effects on host species. Potential misconceptions about this species that could affect management issues are as follows: cowbird populations are increasing; cowbirds are relatively new to North America; recently exposed hosts are defenseless against parasitism; cowbirds have caused widespread declines of songbirds; and cowbird control is always effective in increasing the size of endangered host populations. Potential coevolutionary misconceptions are that cowbirds are typically 'host tolerant'; cowbirds evict host nestmates; and the mafia effect is widespread. It is important to clarify these issues because such misconceptions could hinder our understanding of parasite-host interactions, and thus obscure the direction of basic research and of management efforts taken to limit cowbird impacts on endangered species. We discuss these issues and suggest future research directions to enhance our understanding of this fascinating species.
