Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative bacterium of soil and water in tropical and subtropical environments. Typically,it is considered a bacterium of low virulence although,uncommonly, it causes human infection...Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative bacterium of soil and water in tropical and subtropical environments. Typically,it is considered a bacterium of low virulence although,uncommonly, it causes human infection, particularly in persons with defects in host defenses. Infection generally follows exposure of broken skin to contaminated water and soil, and is often characterized by pustules, lymphadenitis, fever, and vomiting, as well as rapid dissemination and a high mortality rate. Unfortunately, because C violaceum is ubiquitous, it is often dismissed as a contaminant when cultured. Because rapid diagnosis (by taking appropriate specimens) and treatment are vital to a good prognosis, it is imperative that physicians be aware of this organism. In addition, patients with chromobacterial infections should have an immunologic workup because infections in immunocompetent individuals are rare. Here wereport an aggressive yet nonfatal case of Cviolaceum septicemia in an adolescent male, diagnosed through a punch biopsy of askin lesion, and resulting in a new diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.展开更多
效应CD4^＋T细胞可以根据不同的分化途径和生物学功能分为不同的细胞亚群，包括TH1亚群、TH2亚群和调节性T细胞（regulatory T cells，Treg）亚群。最近研究发现一类IL-23依赖的T细胞亚群——TH17细胞亚群，此亚群细胞分泌IL-17而不产生...效应CD4^＋T细胞可以根据不同的分化途径和生物学功能分为不同的细胞亚群，包括TH1亚群、TH2亚群和调节性T细胞（regulatory T cells，Treg）亚群。最近研究发现一类IL-23依赖的T细胞亚群——TH17细胞亚群，此亚群细胞分泌IL-17而不产生IFN-γ和IL-4，在自身免疫性疾病和宿主防御反应中发挥作用，对于免疫调节、免疫性疾病的发病机理以及宿主防御反应有了新的认识。本文介绍TH17细胞的分化调节和生物学功能。展开更多
文摘Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative bacterium of soil and water in tropical and subtropical environments. Typically,it is considered a bacterium of low virulence although,uncommonly, it causes human infection, particularly in persons with defects in host defenses. Infection generally follows exposure of broken skin to contaminated water and soil, and is often characterized by pustules, lymphadenitis, fever, and vomiting, as well as rapid dissemination and a high mortality rate. Unfortunately, because C violaceum is ubiquitous, it is often dismissed as a contaminant when cultured. Because rapid diagnosis (by taking appropriate specimens) and treatment are vital to a good prognosis, it is imperative that physicians be aware of this organism. In addition, patients with chromobacterial infections should have an immunologic workup because infections in immunocompetent individuals are rare. Here wereport an aggressive yet nonfatal case of Cviolaceum septicemia in an adolescent male, diagnosed through a punch biopsy of askin lesion, and resulting in a new diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.
文摘效应CD4^＋T细胞可以根据不同的分化途径和生物学功能分为不同的细胞亚群，包括TH1亚群、TH2亚群和调节性T细胞（regulatory T cells，Treg）亚群。最近研究发现一类IL-23依赖的T细胞亚群——TH17细胞亚群，此亚群细胞分泌IL-17而不产生IFN-γ和IL-4，在自身免疫性疾病和宿主防御反应中发挥作用，对于免疫调节、免疫性疾病的发病机理以及宿主防御反应有了新的认识。本文介绍TH17细胞的分化调节和生物学功能。
