密度尺在针织织物中的应用

为了在针织织物实际生产中能够更快地反映缩水率以及重量结果,密度尺被广泛地推广使用。通过分析密度尺在实际生产中应用数据,结果显示,生产过程中运用密度尺可以体现缩水率以及重量结果,能很好地替代传统的测试方法。

枣庄地区2604人双能X线骨密度测定分析

目的：用双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）测量枣庄地区不同年龄段的正常人群前臂远端尺桡骨骨密度,以研究枣庄地区正常人群骨密度参考值。方法：双重能量放射线吸收测定技术（DEXA）前臂骨密度测定仪测量前臂的尺、桡骨末端,爆光量0.02msv,测量参数：骨矿物质含量（BMC）、骨矿物质密度（BMD）、Z-值、T-值,采用SPSS软件对数值进行处理分析。结果：枣庄地区骨量峰值出现年龄在男性为20～29岁、女性为30～39岁年龄段,50岁以后男女骨量减少均明显加剧,60岁后女性骨质疏松发病率明显高于男性。

Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Multi-scale Adversarial Network

In this study,an underwater image enhancement method based on multi-scale adversarial network was proposed to solve the problem of detail blur and color distortion in underwater images.Firstly,the local features of each layer were enhanced into the global features by the proposed residual dense block,which ensured that the generated images retain more details.Secondly,a multi-scale structure was adopted to extract multi-scale semantic features of the original images.Finally,the features obtained from the dual channels were fused by an adaptive fusion module to further optimize the features.The discriminant network adopted the structure of the Markov discriminator.In addition,by constructing mean square error,structural similarity,and perceived color loss function,the generated image is consistent with the reference image in structure,color,and content.The experimental results showed that the enhanced underwater image deblurring effect of the proposed algorithm was good and the problem of underwater image color bias was effectively improved.In both subjective and objective evaluation indexes,the experimental results of the proposed algorithm are better than those of the comparison algorithm.

慢性肝病患者血清VitD_3水平与骨代谢的关系

检测了部分慢性乙型肝炎 (下简称慢乙肝 )及肝硬化患者的血清 1,2 5 (OH) 2 D3、骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺素 (PTH)、钙、磷及尺桡平均密度 (BMD) ,并与对照组比较。结果两组患者血清 1,2 5(OH) 2 D3、BGP及BMD值均明显下降 ,肝硬化组下降尤为显著。肝硬化组血清PTH显著升高。两组患者血钙明显降低 ,而血磷三组间无差异。 1,2 5 (OH) 2 D3水平与BGP、BMD呈显著正相关 ;PTH与血钙、BMD无相关性。提示慢性肝病患者存在以骨形成减少为主的骨代谢紊乱 ,其中血清 1,2 5(OH) 2 D3减少为关键因素 ,PTH虽升高 。

Cyanide-free silver electroplating process in thiosulfate bath and microstructure analysis of Ag coatings

Cyanide-free silver electroplating was conducted in thiosulfate baths containing AgNO3 and AgBr major salts, respectively. The effects of major salt content and current density on surface quality, deposition rate and microhardness of Ag coatings were investigated. The optimized electroplating parameters were established. The adhesion strength of Ag coating on Cu substrate was evaluated and the grain size of Ag coating was measured under optimized electroplating parameters. The optimized AgNO3 content is 40 g/L with current density of 0.25 A/dm2. The deposited bright, smooth, and well adhered Ag coating had nanocrystalline grains with mean size of 35 nm. The optimized AgBr content was 30 g/L with current density of 0.20 A/dm2. The resultant Ag coating had nanocrystalline grains with mean size of 55 nm. Compared with the bath containing AgBr main salt, the bath containing AgNO3 main salt had a wider current density range, and corresponding Ag coating had a higher microhardness and a smaller grain size.

肝炎后肝硬化患者血清TNF-α、BGP及尿Crosslaps变化与骨代谢的关系

目的探讨肝炎后肝硬化患者骨代谢异常的发病机制。方法分别测定36例乙型肝炎后肝硬化患者血清TNF-α、骨钙素(BGP)、尿骨胶原交联(Crosslaps)水平及骨密度,并与15例健康者对照。结果肝硬化组血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、尿Crosslaps水平较对照组显著升高(P<0.01,<0.05),其中骨质疏松(OP)组较非骨质疏松(NOP)组升高明显(P<0.01,<0.01),而肝硬化组血清BGP水平较对照组明显降低(P<0.01),其中OP组较NOP组降低更明显(P<0.05)。OP组血清TNF-α、尿Crosslaps均与尺桡骨密度呈负相关(r=-0.483,P<0.05;r=-0.624,P<0.01),而血清BGP与尺桡密度呈正相关(r=0.51,P<0.05)。结论乙肝后肝硬化患者存在骨形成减弱,骨吸收加强,从而导致肝性骨病(HBD)发生。血清TNF-α水平升高可引起骨吸收加强,是HBD发生的重要原因之一。降低体内TNF-α水平,对HBD防治可能有一定意义。

Scale Effect of Climate and Soil Texture on Soil Organic Carbon in the Uplands of Northeast China

Understanding how spatial scale influences commonly-observed effects of climate and soil texture on soil organic carbon （SOC） storage is important for accurately estimating the SOC pool at different scales. The relationships among climate factors, soil texture and SOC density at the regional, provincial, city, and county scales were evaluated at both the soil surface （0-20 cm） and throughout the soil profile （0-100 cm） in the Northeast China uplands. We examined 1 022 profiles obtained from the Second National Soil Survey of China. The results indicated that the relationships between climate factors and SOC density generally weakened with decreasing spatial scale. The provincial scale was optimal to assess the relationship between climate factors and SOC density because regional differences among provinces were covered up at the regional scale. However, the relationship between soil texture and SOC density had no obvious trend with increasing scale and changed with temperature. There were great differences in the impacts of climate factors and soil texture on SOC density at different scales. Climate factors had a larger effect on SOC density than soil texture at the regional scale. Similar trends were seen in Heilongjiang and eastern Inner Mongolia at the provincial scale. But, soil texture had a greater effect on SOC density compared with climate factors in Jilin and Liaoning. At the city and county scales, the influence of soil texture on SOC density was more important than climate factors.

Bubble size as a function of some situational variables in mechanical flotation machines

The specific results of the work investigating the effect of gas density and water temperature on bubble size were present.These were surrogate variables designed to investigate the effect of viscosity(varying water temperature) and altitude(varying gas density).The results show that there is a measurable but relatively small effect of gas density on bubble size.The D32 is revealed to increase proportionally as(ρ0/ρg)0.132.The projected impact on flotation kinetics at 4500 m versus sea level is small,of the order of 0.5% recovery loss for a bank of eight flotation cells.The effect of water temperature(4-40 °C) on bubble size is more significant than gas density.The relationship correlates with water viscosity values quite closely.A finding that D32 increases proportionally as(μ/μ20)0.776 highlights the importance of accounting for viscosity effects if,for example,large process temperature fluctuations or deviation from design/test conditions are expected.

Remote Sensing Monitoring of Gullies on a Regional Scale: A Case Study of Kebai Region in Heilongjiang Province, China

Gully erosion is one of the major causes of land degradation in most areas and attracts increasing attention from researchers. We monitored gullies in the Kebai region in Heilongjiang Province of China by using remote sensing data and found that gully density increased with the increase in slope when the slope was less than 3°. Gully density in sunny slopes or windward slopes was greater than in shady slopes or leeward slopes because of the impacts of freezing and thawing, wind and solar radiation. Specifically, the gully density in northeast slope was the greatest and in southwest was the smallest. Gully density was reduced with increasing slope length and the longer the slope length, the less the gully density changed between 1965 and 2005. Affected by runoff, gullies most easily to occur in concave slopes and the critical elevation for gully erosion was 250–275 m. Moreover, hilly regions had the greatest gully density, followed by tableland regions, whereas the gully density in flatlands was the lowest. However, the gully density of these three types of landforms all increased between 1945 and 2000, and the portion of increase was 57.45%(hill), 52.91%(mesa) and 25.32%(plain), respectively.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 Mg alloy prepared by multi directional forging

AZ61Mg alloy was multi directionally forged(MDFed) during decreasing temperature condition from 643 K to 483 K at a true strain rate of 3×10-3 s-1 up to cumulative strain of∑△ε=4.0 at maximum.A pass strain of△ε=0.8 was employed.While average grain size decreased gradually with increasing cumulative strain,the evolution of fine-grained structure strongly depended on the MDF temperature.Under the condition where the temperature was higher than the most adequate one,grain coarsening partially took place during MDF.In contrast,at lower temperature,inhomogeneous microstructure composed of the initial coarse and newly appeared fine grains was evolved.After straining over∑△ε=3.2(i.e.,over 4 passes of MDF) ,equiaxed ultrafine grains(UFGs) having average size of about and lower than 1μm were uniformly evolved.While the MDFed alloy to∑△ε=4.0 possessed relatively high hardness of HV 99,and it accepted further about 20%cold rolling almost without cracking.Because of the superior formability of the UFGed AZ61Mg alloy,the hardness was further easily raised to HV 120 by following cold rolling.

Characteristics of fluidization and dry-beneficiation of a wide-size-range medium-solids fluidized bed

Wide-size-range medium-solids are used in a modularized coal beneficiation demonstration system with a gas-solid fluidized bed. The characteristics of fluidization and dry-beneficiation of the medium solids were studied. The numerical simulation results show that 0.15–0.06 mm fine magnetite powder can decrease the disturbances caused by the bubbles. This is beneficial to the uniformity of the gas-solid interactions and thus to the uniformity and stability of the bed density and height. The experimental results show that, with an increase in the fine coal content in medium solids, both the fluidization quality and the beneficiation performance of the bed decreased gradually. When the fine coal content was no more than 13%, a relatively high superficial gas velocity increased the beneficiation efficiency. When the content was more than 13%, part of the fine coal was separated, leading to product layers. The separation efficiency was therefore gradually decreased. The models for predicting the bed density standard deviation and the probable error, E, value were both proposed. The E value can reach to 0.04–0.07 g/cm^3 under the optimized experimental parameters. This work provides a foundation for the adjustment of the bed density and the separation performance of the modularized 40–60 ton per hour dry coalbeneficiation industrial system.

Spatial Agglomeration of Exhibition Enterprises on a Regional Scale in China

During the past two decades, the exhibition industry in China has been developing rapidly and has become an important part of the modern service industry, particularly the agglomeration characteristics of exhibition enterprises highlighted on the regional scale. Although the development of theoretical research on the western exhibition industry has taken place over time, the spatial perspective has not been at the centre of attention so far. This paper aims to fill this gap and report on the agglomeration characteristics of exhibition enterprises and their influential factors. Based on data about exhibition enterprises in the Pearl River Delta(PRD) during 1991–2013, using the Ripley K function analysis and kernel density estimation, this research identifies that: 1) the exhibition enterprise on the regional scale is significantly characterized by spatial agglomeration, and the agglomeration density and scale are continuously increasing; 2) the spatial pattern of agglomeration has developed from a single-center to multi-center form. Meanwhile, this paper profiles the factors influencing the spatial agglomeration of exhibition enterprises by selecting the panel data of nine cities in the PRD in 1999, 2002, 2006 and 2013. The results show that market capacity, urban informatization level and exhibition venues significantly influence the location choice of exhibition enterprises. Among them, the market capacity is a variable that exerts a far greater impact than other factors do.

Effect of the Ni size on CH4/CO2 reforming over Ni/MgO catalyst：A DFT study

Carbon deposition is sensitive to the metal particle sizes of supported Ni catalysts in CH_4/CO_2 reforming.To explore the reason of this phenomenon,Ni4,Ni8,and Ni12 which re flect the different cluster thicknesses supported on the MgO(100) slabs,have been employed to simulate Ni/MgO catalysts,and the reaction pathways of CH_4/CO_2 reforming on Nix/MgO(100) models are investigated by density functional theory.The reforming mechanisms of CH_4/CO_2 on different Nix/MgO(100) indicate the energy barriers of CH_4 dissociated adsorption,CH dissociation,and C oxidation three factors are all declining with the decrease of the Ni cluster sizes.The Hirshfeld charges analyses of three steps as described above show only Ni atoms in bottom two layers can obtain electrons from the MgO supporters,and the main electron transfer occurs between adsorbed species and their directly contacted Ni atoms.Due to more electron-rich Ni atoms in contact with the MgO supporters,the Ni/MgO catalysts with small Ni particles have a strong metal particle size effect and lead to its better catalytic activity.

Critical Dimension for Stable Self-Gravitating Stars in AdS

We study the self-gravitating stars with a linear equation of state, P = aρ, in AdS space, where a is a constant parameter. There exists a critical dimension, beyond which the stars are always stable with any central energy density; below which there exists a maximal mass configuration for a certain central energy density and when the central energy density continues to increase, the configuration becomes unstable. We find that the critical dimension depends on the parameter a, it runs from d = 11.1429 to 10.1291 as a varies from a = 0 to 1. The lowest integer dimension for a dynamically stable self-gravitating configuration should be d = 12 for any a E [0, 1] rather than d = 11, the latter is the case of self-gravitating radiation configurations in AdS space.

Predicting size effect on diffusion-limited current density of oxygen reduction by copper wire

The size effect of copper wire radius (0.04–0.82 mm) on the diffusion-limited current density of an oxygen reduction reaction in stagnant simulated seawater (naturally aerated 0.5 mol/L NaCl) is investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and compared with the results obtained in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. In the oxygen diffusion-limited range, size effect is found to occur independent of electrolytes, which is attributed to non-linear diffusion. Additionally, to satisfy application in a marine setting, an empirical equation correlating oxygen diffusion-limited current density to copper wire radius is proposed by fitting experimental data.

PREPARATION OF PARTICLE SIZE NARROWLY DISTRIBUTED LOW-DENSITY STYRENE DIVINYLBENZENE COPOLYMER MICROBEADS

In view of the importance of dispersion agent,the amount of the crosslinking monomer and the diluent in suspension polymerization for the production of particle size narrowly distributed low-density stryene divinylbenzene copolymer microbeads(LDPS),their actions are preliminarily investigated in this paper.Experimental results indicate that when both the gelatine and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)are used dispersion agents,the better effect is achieved,DVB is helpful to the formation of the lower density fine particles,the proportionof the DVB/St should be between 1:1-1.5:1.Compared with toluene,gasoline is the more effective diluent for the above target.

Effects of unit size on current density and illuminance of micro-LED-array

A 300 μm×300 μm light emitting diode(LED) chip is divided into nine 80 μm×80 μm units with 30 μm spacing between adjacent ones. After arraying, the total saturation light output power and the maximum injection current are enhanced by 5.19 times and nearly 7 times, respectively. In addition, the test results demonstrate that the illuminance uniformity on the receiving surface reaches the optimum when the spacing between the arrays is equal to the maximum flat condition. The larger the number of arrays, the greater the area with uniform illuminance on the receiving surface.

Ferroelectric control of single-molecule magnetism in 2D limit

The electric control of magnetic properties based on magnetoelectric effect is crucial for the development of future data storage devices.Here,based on first-principles calculations,a strong magnetoelectric effect is proposed to effectively switch on/off the magnetic states as well as alter the in-plane/perpendicular easy axes of metal-phthalocyanine molecules(MPc)by reversing the electric polarization of the underlying two-dimensional(2D)ferroelectric a-In2Se3 substrate with the application of an external electric field.The mechanism originates from the different hybridization between the molecule and the ferroelectric substrate in which the different electronic states of surface Se layer play a dominant role.Moreover,the magnetic moments and magnetic anisotropy energies(MAE)of OsPc/In2Se3 can be further largely enhanced by a functionalized atom atop the OsPc molecule.The I-OsPc/In2Se3 system possesses large MAE up to 30 meV at both polarization directions,which is sufficient for room-temperature applications.These findings provide a feasible scheme to realize ferroelectric control of magnetic states in 2D limit,which have great potential for applications in nanoscale electronics and spintronics.

Pairing superfluidity in spin-orbit coupled ultracold Fermi gases

We review some recent progresses on the study of ultracold Fermi gases with synthetic spin-orbit coupling.In particular,we focus on the pairing superfluidity in these systems at zero temperature.Recent studies have shown that different forms of spin-orbit coupling in various spatial dimensions can lead to a wealth of novel pairing superfluidity.A common theme of these variations is the emergence of new pairing mechanisms which are direct results of spin-orbit-coupling-modified single-particle dispersion spectra.As different configurations can give rise to single-particle dispersion spectra with drastic differences in symmetry,spin dependence and low-energy density of states,spin-orbit coupling is potentially a powerful tool of quantum control,which,when combined with other available control schemes in ultracold atomic gases,will enable us to engineer novel states of matter.

Living on the edge： Effects of body size, group density and microhabitat selection on escape behaviour of southern leopard frogs Lithobates sphenocephalus

Models of optimal escape strategy predict that animals should move away when the costs of fleeing （metabolic and opportunity costs） are outweighed by the costs of remaining. These theoretical models predict that more vulnerable individuals should be more reactive, moving away when an approaching threat is further away. We tested whether escape behaviour （includ- ing ＇escape calling＇） ofLithobates sphenocephalus approached by a human was influenced by body size or the initial microhabi- tat that the individual was found in. Irrespective of their size, frogs in the open tended to remain immobile, enhancing their cryp- sis. Frogs in cover showed different responses according to their body size, but, contrary to our initial predictions, larger frogs showed greater responsiveness （longer flight initiation distance and distances fled） than small frogs. Small frogs tended to remain closer to water and escaped into water, while larger individuals were more likely to jump to terrestrial cover and call during escape. Density of frogs near the focal animal had no effect on escape behaviour. This study indicates a range of escape responses in this species and points to the importance of divergent escape choices for organisms which live on the edge of different environments .