浅议海岛现代服务业的发展与舟山经济的“服务富市”

近年来,围绕海洋经济应运而生的海岛现代服务业在浙江省舟山市呈现出快速发展的势头,已成为我国唯一以群岛设置的地级市——舟山市海洋经济发展的新的增长点。2007年3月,中共舟山市第五次党代会进一步提出了"服务富市"的发展战略。文章针对舟山市的经济社会实际,深入研究探讨海岛现代服务业的发展思路,对海洋经济产业结构的优化升级和经济增长方式的科学转变具有积极的意义。

牢固树立科学发展观 强力推进“三产富市”

要使经济社会协调健康发展,必须建立均衡的发展模式。根据安阳市情况,市委、市政府提出了农业立市、工业强市、三产富市、文化兴市发展战略,这是落实科学发展观的重要举措。必须按照"十一五"规划"加快发展服务业"的新要求,抓住有利时机,强力推进"三产富市"。

发展“旅游富市”的人才瓶颈及突破

日照市委、市政府提出了"旅游富市"和"全域旅游"的宏大战略,对日照市旅游业提出了更高的要求和期待。日照市旅游业要创新、要腾飞,需要加快建立一支高素质的综合人才队伍。但目前日照市受到了人才瓶颈的制约,为此要采取有力措施,制定旅游人才培育的政策及规划,加大对人才的投入。

发展商贸 富市富民

发展防城港市的商贸，有着良好机遇和有利条件，也存在一些问题。这对于富市富民和提高对外开放水平具有重要意义。本文对此提出了树立大商贸观念，把防城港市建成北部湾商贸中心和现代化国际商贸城市；拓展大商贸市场，包括批零商品、专业商品、免税商品、名牌商品和农村商品市场；培育大商贸主体和确定大商贸政策等措施，以加快发展防城港市的商贸。

以港兴市 以港富市——关于贵港港口发展的一些思考

贵港市既是一座具有2000多年历史的古城,也是华南地区新兴的内河港口城市.在现代化进程中,贵港市港口得到了长足发展,港城一体化进一步形成,港口经济已成为贵港市经济发展的新亮点."以港兴市,以港富市"战略的实施,对贵港市经济的持续快速发展起到了促进作用.

Analysis on Aquatic Environment of an Artificial Lake and Control Measures to Its Pollution

[Objective] This study aimed to find out effective measures to solve land- scape water eutrophication. [Method] Based on an overview of the urban landscape water characteristics and pollution control situation, taking an example of the artificial lakes in a campus in Xi＇an, we comparatively analyzed the present pollution situation of Xiuyuan Lake and Mingyuan Lake, and provided controlling measures against eutrophication pollution, as well as restoration measures. [Result] All the indicators （TN, TP, Chl-a, NH3-N, CODMn） of the landscape water quality in both Xiuyuan Lake and Mingyuan Lake went severely beyond the Grade IV standards, presenting a state of heavy eutrophication. Nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts carried by atmospheric precipitation and its runoff, as well as domestic garbage generated by human activities were primary exogenous pollutants of the artificial lakes. And the release of sediment pollutants was endogenous substances causing deterioration of water quality. [Conclusion] This paper presents some measures to control the pollution of artificial lakes, and provides scientific references for the construction, operation and management of artificial lakes, as well as maintenance of aquatic environment.

Effect of urbanization on the abundance and distribution of Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in Beijing

With rapid urbanization occurring throughout China,the existence of Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus) in big cities is likely to be affected by a decrease in habitat and food availability.Can the urban Tree Sparrow adapt to these changes? To elucidate this question,we studied the effect of urbanization on the abundance and distribution of Tree Sparrows in Beijing.We found the abundance of the Tree Sparrow negatively correlated with an urbanization score.Sparrow abundance was very low in residential areas with high-rise buildings,commercial centers and main roads,while their numbers were significantly higher in parks,university campuses,low building residential and suburban areas.Environmental factors within the 50 m and 200 m scales were most suitable in predicting the distribution of Tree Sparrows during winter,while factors within 50 m and 400 m scales are suitable during the breeding season.During winter,the number of conifer trees and pedestrians were the major factors at the 50 m scale,while the area of high-rise buildings and vegetation become the predominant factors on a 200 m scale.Alternatively,during the breeding season the area of low buildings and the number of conifers and pedestrians were the main factors on the 50 m scale while the area of high-rise buildings and vegetation remained the most important factors on the 400 m scale.These results indicate that highly urbanized areas are not suitable habitats for the Tree Sparrow,although this species can adapt to human environments.Food and nest sites for urban birds should be considered in urban planning of big cities in developing countries.

加快服务业发展 为工业项目建设创造良好环境

2001年初,大庆市委、市政府提出"油化立市、项目强市、工业富市、科教兴市"的发展思路,全市组织实施了79个工业项目,完成投资17亿元.其中市级重点项目20个,实施16个,完成投资13亿元.新增销售收入6.4亿元,拉动地方工业增长5.8个百分点.这些项目的实施,对保持全市经济快速增长,促进经济结构调整起到了重要的作用.

Application of Multi-agent Models to Urban Expansion in Medium and Small Cities: A Case Study in Fuyang City,Zhejiang Province,China

In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and rules of government agent, enterprise agent and resident agent in construction land growth were explored. A distinctive and dynamic simulation model of construction land growth was built, which integrated multi-agent, GIS technology and RS data and described the interaction among influencing agents, Taking Fuyang City in the Changjiang River Delta as an example, an assessment process for the remote sensing data in construction land and scenario planning was constructed. Repast and ArcGIS were used as simulation platforms. A simulation of the spatial pattern in land-use planning and the setting of scenario planning were conducted by using the incomplete active game, which was based on different natural, social and economic levels. Through this model, a simulation of urban planning space and decision-making for Fuyang City was created. Relevant non-structured problems arising from urban planning management could be identified, and the process and logic of urban planning spatial decision-making could thus be improved. Cell-by-cell comparison showed that the simulation accuracy was over 72%. This model has great potential for use by government and town planners in decision support and technique support in the policy-making process.

Evaluating lake eutrophication with enhanced thematic mapper data in Wuhan

By analyzing the enhanced thematic mapper (ETM) images of September 1999, and quality observation data for many consecutive years in several parts of the Donghu Lake in Wuhan, China, the authors discovered a good linear relation between grey scale (GS) abstracted from ETM b5, b7 images and eutrophication level of the lakes, and extended the study to eight other major lakes in the area of Wu- han by using lake eutrophication models. Based on the in situ monitoring data, we also evaluated the eu- trophication level of the lakes with modified trophic index method brought by M. Aizaki et al. The results of the two methods showed that the most of the lakes were eutrophicated, and even hyper-eutrophicated in some areas. Six of the 8 lakes had very similar trophic state index (TSI) values. Although two of them differed in TSI value, but within an order, while it was different largely from the one by traditional method. The difference of the results between the two methods might have been due to three causative reasons. First, remote sensing technology reflects the overall status of a certain area corresponding to the ETM images in a certain period, but the modified TSI reflects the annual average values of the monitoring spots. Second, the time the ETM images taken is later than that of in situ data. Third, ETM images are affected by clouds, water depth, and suspended matter. In short, remote sensing result agreed greatly with the in situ monitoring data, indicating that remote sensing technology is feasible and effective for moni- toring and evaluating the lake eutrophication in the Wuhan area and it also can be used to evaluate large-scope lake eutrophication.

Chemical Criteria to Assess Risk of Phosphorus Leaching from Urban Soils

Soils from urban and suburban areas are normally enriched with phosphorus (P). Sixteen urban soils with a wide range of total P concentrations under typical urban land uses were sampled and analyzed for extractable P concentrations using water, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. Meanwhile the soils were artificially leached in columns and P concentrations in the leachates were determined. With linear regression a two-stage linear relationship was found to exist between concentrations of P in the leachates …

Water quality and eutrophication in the Guangzhou Sea Zone of the Pearl River estuary

To gain a better understanding of water quality and eutrophication, we investigated the seasonal and spatial distribution of water quality at 17 stations in the Guangzhou Sea Zone （GZSZ）. Nutrients, chlorophyll-a （Chl-a）, salinity, chemical parameters were determined in February, May, oxygen demand, and other physical and chemical August and October from 2005 to 2007. The concentrations showed ranges of 93.2-530.4 μmol/L for dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN）, 0.62-3.16 μmol/L for phosphate （PO4-P） and 50-127 μmol/L for silicate （SiO3-Si）, The results indicated that DIN was strongly influenced by domestic sewage coming from Guangzhou City and NO3-N was the main form of DIN in most areas, while concentrations of phosphate and silicate were generally controlled by Pearl River runoff, land-based sources along the land or islands, and algae assimilation. N/P ratios were very high in both dry season and wet season, and varied from 57 to 667, suggesting that P was potentially the most limiting nutrient in the GZSZ. The concentrations of Chl-a were 3-96 μg/L, and were highly correlated with the distribution characteristics of COD, The concentrations of nutrients have increased over the past two decades （1982-2007）. This means it is necessary to control the input of nutrients to the GZSZ, especially that of phosphate.

External versus Internal Loads of Nutrients of an Urban Eutrophic Tropical Reservoir （Southeastern Brazil）

This study aimed to evaluate the external and internal fluxes of nutrients of an urban eutrophic reservoir （lbirit6 reservoir, SE-Brazil）. External loads were estimated in the tributaries （Pintados and Ibirit6 creeks） through nutrient concentrations and discharge measurements. Using Fick＇s law, internal loads were estimated in the reservoir from fluxes across sediment-water interface from nutrient concentration gradients between the pore water and the water. The Ibirit6 creek （urban sewage recipient） contributes with 72%-47% of ammonium （NH4^＋） and 100%-8% of SRP （soluble reactive phosphorus） of the total quantity entering the reservoir, whereas the Pintados creek （oil refinery effluent recipient） contributions are 20%-19% and 44%-100%, respectively. Despite the high external loads （130 and 2.2 ton-yr^-1 of NH4＋ and SRP, respectively）, internal loads （average flux of 120 and 2 mg·cm^-2yr^-1, respectively） correspond to 25% of the total external loads which may sustain a high productivity in the reservoir for a long time even if the external loads are controlled. The stocks of ammonium and SRP of the interstitial water （100 cm of sediment） would be released to the water in six years and five months, respectively, The release time would be extremely larger （〉 3,000 years） considering the stocks of total N and bioavailable P.

Factor Price Distortion and Conseq uential A dverse Wealth Transfers in China

As critical piece of China＇s gradualist economic transition, domestic price reform still faces major challenges. In particular, factor price, which is still tightlycontrolled and not market-based, is lower than market equilibrium price. Factor price distortion not only reduces market efficiency but also affects wealth distribution. Subsequent wealth transfer has, over the past ten to fifieen years, created a powerful vested interests and spawned social resentment, both of which may constitute major hazards in China＇s future reform and development. Keeping in mind that China will have to address factor price distortion in its next step of reform, this paper takes stock of China＇s journey toward price rejorm; examines the relationship among factor price distortion, previous economic growth, and policy; and estimates＇ the size of resulting wealth transfer.

Research on Countermeasures and Development Status of Red Tourism in Shandong

As a new tourism pattern, red tourism develops rapidly in China. In Shandong, not only the red cultural heritage is rich, but also the red tourism resources are rich, but the development is not very successful now. The paper aims at surveying the status of Shandong red tourism, and analyzes the evaluation of tourists on red tourist attractions by the way of market research. The research indicates that red tourism has the problems including improper publicity, single development model and imperfect infrastructures, for which the paper proposes the suggestions such as multi-channel publicity and multi-mode development. The research results of the paper not only provides scientific basis for developing red tourism in Shandong, but also provides reference for practical management on red tourism.

Investigation of the problems about Left behind Children in the New Rural Construction —— Henan Province as the example

Henan province is the province that promotes the progress of industrialization and urbanization faster. Along with the flow of rural surplus labor, on the one hand, it formed the large group of migrant children in cities and towns; on the other hand, the ideological and moral problem of the ＂Left-behind children＂ grows increasingly. It not only concerns the happiness of family and the social harmony and stability, but also concerns the quality level of new rural population and labor force in the future.

Bicycle Paths： A Way to Sustainable Mobility in Medium Sized Towns

Considering that non-motorized transport along with public transport are resourceful forms of mobility, this research aimed to investigate the serviceability of integrated bicycle path networks in towns of medium size. Factors impacting bicycle use in medium sized cities （urban planning, other transport means, adequacy of installations and parking spaces, etc.） have been examined. Bicycle can be something more than a sport or entertainment activity and has the potential to become an efficient means of transport. Xanthi is a medium sized town in Northern Greece. Its total area is 153 km2 and 65,000 people live there. An analysis of the existing traffic schemes in the city has pointed out the necessity of an organized bicycle paths network both cost effective and time saving. The main characteristics of such a network are described, hoping that in its completed form could impose the features of sustainable mobility and would be a paradigm for mid-sized cities in the country. Cars could be kept out of the central part of Xanthi ifa bicycle paths network is built using a ring-like scheme, since the residents favor the use of bicycle. Local authorities＇ plans must encourage the lending of public owned bicycles.

政协委员PK:为“穷儿子”找“富爸爸”行得通吗?

正方:"穷儿子"找"富爸爸"相得益彰广东省政协委员、清远市政协副主席关翰琴建言:全国最富的地方在广东,最穷的地方也在广东,这是广东之耻也是先富地区的耻辱。更严重的是,贫富地区的差距现在呈现出越来越拉大的趋势。"尤其是三个少数民族地区县连南、连山、乳源,他们的生活水平还比较低,贫困的根源还没有从根本上得到解决。"关翰琴表示。

日照市改革创新旅游管理体制机制

2016年,日照市召开高规格的旅游发展大会,出台《关于促进旅游业改革发展的意见》,确立了“旅游富市”战略,把旅游业作为经济建设的主战场,摆到与工业同等重要的位置,加快打造战略性支柱产业。机构编制部门围绕这一战略部署,着眼于既适应日照经济社会发展要求,又营造健康市场秩序,满足大众旅游需求,创新旅游管理体制机制,优化机构编制资源配置,在全省率先成立了旅游发展委员会,不断释放体制机制改革蕴含的巨大红利,形成了全市旅游业大发展的热潮。