It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized...It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized crime, and terroristic groups in order to recognize conspiracy contents and to evaluate them systematically （intelligence work）. With the help of special methods-design, it is possible to analyze the functions and strategies of this specific sometimes open or undercover used languages of Rotwelsch, Argot, Fenya, terrorist and Jihadi groups. A very significant example is the history of Jihadi Internet as a cyber-planning tool： single websites （until 2001）, expansion and professionalization （2001-2007） and severe surveillance, distrust and new social media （after 2008 especially because of 9/11）. Since it has become clear that the National Security Agency （NSA） conducts severe intelligence research in the field of E-mail-traffic and chats, the demand of crypto-programs has grown. It is better in this situation to return to face-to-face-communication. Legislative institutions and police have to study these functions and strategies in order to practice the best fitting counter-action against crime and terrorism.展开更多
In this paper, I examine Steve Fuller＇s ＂sociological＂ social epistemology that must be distinguished from its ＂philosophical＂ counterpart. Fuller＇s sociological social epistemology can prompt deep philosophical...In this paper, I examine Steve Fuller＇s ＂sociological＂ social epistemology that must be distinguished from its ＂philosophical＂ counterpart. Fuller＇s sociological social epistemology can prompt deep philosophical analyses of the conditions for knowledge that themselves bear on what should count as knowledge. That is, it can be a vital prelude to developing an interdisciplinary investigation into educational issues. This paper looks at the three features that form an integral part of Fuller＇s social epistemology, which is partly elucidatory and partly critical： naturalistic, normative, and organizational aspects. It goes on to explore whether and to what extent Fuller＇s criticism of an ＂always already＂ thesis in philosophy and his idea of ＂knowledge management＂ afford an understanding of human knowledge in particular and human development in general. This paper concludes with an observation that Fuller＇s social epistemology is flawed in some respects but nonetheless is of relevance to the philosophical study of education.展开更多
Learning about culture is an integral part of learning a fbreign language. Participating in speech contests gives language learners a good opportunity to know more about the culture of the target language. Such contes...Learning about culture is an integral part of learning a fbreign language. Participating in speech contests gives language learners a good opportunity to know more about the culture of the target language. Such contests allow students to learn how to write a speech for a particular audience, how to introduce a speaker, how to deliver a speech, and how to say ＂thank you＂ to the speaker. Participation in speech contests can promote insight and understanding through a comparison of American culture and the students＇ native culture. Such comparison is intended to promote better understanding of both cultures.展开更多
文摘It has always been very important throughout the centuries for legislative institutions and police organizations to watch over different media and genres as instruments of conspiracy of criminals, members of organized crime, and terroristic groups in order to recognize conspiracy contents and to evaluate them systematically （intelligence work）. With the help of special methods-design, it is possible to analyze the functions and strategies of this specific sometimes open or undercover used languages of Rotwelsch, Argot, Fenya, terrorist and Jihadi groups. A very significant example is the history of Jihadi Internet as a cyber-planning tool： single websites （until 2001）, expansion and professionalization （2001-2007） and severe surveillance, distrust and new social media （after 2008 especially because of 9/11）. Since it has become clear that the National Security Agency （NSA） conducts severe intelligence research in the field of E-mail-traffic and chats, the demand of crypto-programs has grown. It is better in this situation to return to face-to-face-communication. Legislative institutions and police have to study these functions and strategies in order to practice the best fitting counter-action against crime and terrorism.
文摘In this paper, I examine Steve Fuller＇s ＂sociological＂ social epistemology that must be distinguished from its ＂philosophical＂ counterpart. Fuller＇s sociological social epistemology can prompt deep philosophical analyses of the conditions for knowledge that themselves bear on what should count as knowledge. That is, it can be a vital prelude to developing an interdisciplinary investigation into educational issues. This paper looks at the three features that form an integral part of Fuller＇s social epistemology, which is partly elucidatory and partly critical： naturalistic, normative, and organizational aspects. It goes on to explore whether and to what extent Fuller＇s criticism of an ＂always already＂ thesis in philosophy and his idea of ＂knowledge management＂ afford an understanding of human knowledge in particular and human development in general. This paper concludes with an observation that Fuller＇s social epistemology is flawed in some respects but nonetheless is of relevance to the philosophical study of education.
文摘Learning about culture is an integral part of learning a fbreign language. Participating in speech contests gives language learners a good opportunity to know more about the culture of the target language. Such contests allow students to learn how to write a speech for a particular audience, how to introduce a speaker, how to deliver a speech, and how to say ＂thank you＂ to the speaker. Participation in speech contests can promote insight and understanding through a comparison of American culture and the students＇ native culture. Such comparison is intended to promote better understanding of both cultures.
