Aim A model of human errors is given. His reliability of action is also determined. Safety countermeasures to prevent human errors are put forward. Methods\ Human system is regarded as a maintainable Markov system. O...Aim A model of human errors is given. His reliability of action is also determined. Safety countermeasures to prevent human errors are put forward. Methods\ Human system is regarded as a maintainable Markov system. On the basis of Markov method, the deduction and calculation in practice are made. Results\ Human errors are the chief factors leading to accidents, and may appear in different models. There are two kinds of states the normal and error state in a process of work. The process of state transfer human system is a Markov process. Human action reliability will be decreased with the continuation of time. Conclusion\ Human errors are described in the quantified form. It will have some significance in terms of theory in the study of the relationship between human action and accidents. Thus helping us in the preven tion of accident occurrence. The safety of a system can be improved in this way.展开更多
Following the Chichi Earthquake (ML=7.3) in 1999, sediment-related disasters, such as landslides and debris flows, have become more frequent in Taiwan. Because engineering structures cannot be fully and rapidly empl...Following the Chichi Earthquake (ML=7.3) in 1999, sediment-related disasters, such as landslides and debris flows, have become more frequent in Taiwan. Because engineering structures cannot be fully and rapidly emplaeed, the government has initiated non-structural hazard mitigation programs. Initially, community debris flow evacuation drills were promoted in 2000. Typhoon Toraji caused numerous debris flow events in July 2001, and some communities evacuated according to the drills, significantly reducing the numbers of possible casualties. Based on that result, the government expanded the program for evacuation drills. Secondly, the early warning system created after the Chichi Earthquake will prevent many potential future casualties. Rainfall threshold values for debris flow warnings in different areas are determined from information received from local weather stations and modified for local geomorphologic situations. Real- time information is gradually being integrated to create a debris flow disaster warning system, the goal of which is to provide warnings to zones in which debris flows are likely. The warning system was launched in 2005 and has two levels of alarms: yellow and red. The final, red alarm triggers enforced evacuation. Overall, the decrease in casualties from debris flows during the decade after the Chichi Earthquake is not the result of a decrease in number or severity of sediment related disasters, but is more directly related to the gradually improved early warning and evacuation system. However, the compound hazards resulting from Typhoon Morakotin 2009 remind us of the ongoing need for improving the existing mitigation system.展开更多
To develop a HPIX-UV-MS method for identifying the constituents in theChinese drug Notoginseng (the root of Panax notoginseng). Methods A Phenomenex Luna C_(18) column(250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm) was utilized. Water co...To develop a HPIX-UV-MS method for identifying the constituents in theChinese drug Notoginseng (the root of Panax notoginseng). Methods A Phenomenex Luna C_(18) column(250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm) was utilized. Water containing 0.005% formic acid (A) and acetonitrilecontaining 0.005% formic acid (B) were used as gradient eluents. UV spectra were recorded in range195 - 400 nm. Both positive and negative ion ESI modes were used. Results The constituents inNotoginseng were well separated and detected. Fourteen compounds were identified by comparing theirretention time and ESI-MS data with those obtained from the reference compounds. Forty-one compoundswere deduced by data analysis of MS and literature; among them, yesanchinosides-H and -E,chikusetsusaponin-L_5, malonyl-ginsenoside-R_(g_1), the isomers of notoginsenosides-J, -A, -R_1, -G,-R_2, and ginsenoside-Rh_3 were discovered in Notoginseng for the first time. Conclusion Thismethod gives high sensitivity and good separation, and is suitable for identifying the constituentsin Notoginseng. This result is helpful for further phytochemical research on Notoginseng. Based onthis result, further quality control can be studied.展开更多
Drought, one of the major natural disasters, has attacked Yunnan frequently in recent years, seriously undermining the sustainable development of society and economy and ecological civilization construction. As to the...Drought, one of the major natural disasters, has attacked Yunnan frequently in recent years, seriously undermining the sustainable development of society and economy and ecological civilization construction. As to the series of drought, this study has expounded the necessity and urgency of human-land relationship regulation in drought control and disaster release, from the aspect of human factorsthe inharmonious relationship between human and land. Based on that, the main countermeasures of drought control and disaster release have been further explored, in order to provide references for the future drought control and disaster release in Yunnan.展开更多
Objective: We investigated the effects of monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 combined paclitaxel on the proliferation of HCC cells. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with monoclonal antibodies against stathmin...Objective: We investigated the effects of monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 combined paclitaxel on the proliferation of HCC cells. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1, paclitaxel alone or their combination, with the untreated cells used as the control, 24, 48, 72, 96 h later, the cell growth condition was observed by invert microscope and inhabitation rate was studied by MTT assay; The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI. Results: The population decreased and shape, size changed after treating with different concentration of experimental groups. Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel used alone or in combination both inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, the inhibition ratio of their combination was more higher (P 〈 0.05), and a synergistic effect of the two agents was noted in their combined action (P 〈 0.05). Combined treatment of the cells resulted in significantly higher apoptosis rate than that in the other groups (P 〈 0.05). Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel used alone or in combination both can inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells and induce apoptosis. A synergistic effect is obsewed between the monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel in their inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation.展开更多
The Almighty created man for contentment, and not for suffering. Creation of the universe was a leap from absolute entropy to substance and the vital world. According to our hypothesis, the goal of creating the univer...The Almighty created man for contentment, and not for suffering. Creation of the universe was a leap from absolute entropy to substance and the vital world. According to our hypothesis, the goal of creating the universe and humans was to create enjoyment and pleasure by depressing the level of entropy. Current definitions do not adequately express the nature and origin of happiness or suffering, nor do they suggest how to treat, relieve, and prevent the torment of a healthy or sick individual. Our team developed and proposed the entropy theory as a new definition for human happiness and suffering. Entropy is a lack of order or a state of chaos. Human happiness may be defined as the complex of positive sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts. These arise due to the depressed level of entropy of the individual's organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or in the future. Human suffering is the complex of negative sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts that arise due to an increased level of entropy of a person's organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or future. A source of happiness and pleasure denotes depression of entropy in humans. Therefore, in order to treat suffering, one should ensure that the entropy level is reduced by complementing it with that which is missing.展开更多
Erosion agents and patterns profoundly affect hillslope soil loss characteristics. However, few attempts have been made to analyze the effects of rainfall and inflow on soil erosion for hillslopes dominated by sheet e...Erosion agents and patterns profoundly affect hillslope soil loss characteristics. However, few attempts have been made to analyze the effects of rainfall and inflow on soil erosion for hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion or rill erosion in the Chinese Mollisol region. The objective of this study was to discuss the erosive agent(rainfall or inflow), hillslope erosion pattern(sheet erosion or rill erosion) and slope gradient effects on runoff and soil losses. Two soil pans(2.0 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 m deep) with 5° and 10° slopes were subjected to rainfall(0 and 70 mm h–1) and inflow(0 and 70 mm h–1) experiments. Three experimental combinations of rainfall intensity(RI) and inflow rate(IR) were tested using the same water supply of 70 mm by controllingthe run time. A flat soil surface and a soil bed with a straight initial rill were prepared manually, and represented hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion and rill erosion, respectively. The results showed that soil losses had greater differences among treatments than total runoff. Soil losses decreased in the order of RI70+IR70 > RI70+IR0 > RI0+IR70. Additionally, soil losses for hillslopes dominated by rill erosion were 1.7-2.2 times greater at 5° and 2.5-6.9 times greater at 10° than those for hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion. The loss of <0.25 mm soil particles and aggregates varying from 47.72%-99.60% of the total soil loss played a dominant role in the sediment. Compared with sheet erosion hillslopes, rill erosion hillslopes selectively transported more microaggregates under a relatively stable rill development stage, but rills transported increasinglymore macroaggregates under an active rill development stage. In conclusion, eliminating raindrop impact on relatively gentle hillslopes and preventing rill development on relatively steep hillslopes would be useful measures to decrease soil erosion and soil degradation in the Mollisol region of northeastern China.展开更多
In this paper we propose a tripartite scheme for splitting an arbitrary 2-qubit quantum information by using two asymmetric W states as the quantum channel. In the schemem if the two recipients collaborate together, t...In this paper we propose a tripartite scheme for splitting an arbitrary 2-qubit quantum information by using two asymmetric W states as the quantum channel. In the schemem if the two recipients collaborate together, they can deterministically recover the quantum information by performing first a 4-qubit collective unitary operation and then two single-qubit unitary operations. In addition, since the asymmetric W states are employed as the quantum channel, the scheme is robust against decoherence.展开更多
Sense and Sensibility is Jane Austen’s debut which uses Elinor’s and Marianne’s marriage life as the main line, describing exquisitely and vividly the protagonists’ love and marriage. Since the dialogue is one of ...Sense and Sensibility is Jane Austen’s debut which uses Elinor’s and Marianne’s marriage life as the main line, describing exquisitely and vividly the protagonists’ love and marriage. Since the dialogue is one of the basic ways to shape characters in literary works, the analysis of dialogues, especially that of those contradictory dialogues helps better analyze the novel itself. This paper analyzes different conversational implicatures in the typical dialogues in Sense and Sensibility, in order to help us to understand character differences, and to further understand the novel’ s theme. Through the analysis, this paper finds that there exist many indirect expressions in the dialogues in Sense and Sensibility, which reflect that characters violate the four maxims of Cooperative Principle in order to implicitly express their true thoughts and avoid such unpleasant communicational effects as embarrassment and conflict.展开更多
Two-way feedback of human body was published in 1992. The sensation of two-way feedback of body is a special system of human reaction, which maintains and regulates symmetry and balance of human body. The human two-wa...Two-way feedback of human body was published in 1992. The sensation of two-way feedback of body is a special system of human reaction, which maintains and regulates symmetry and balance of human body. The human two-way feedback reacts to human health. For human overall health and delay decrepitude, it is necessary to pay attention to the stimulations (passive acceptance and initiative interventions) and relevant influences in human body and the stimulative effect. In this paper, the experimental research of stimulation and an example of two-way feedback in human body are given. And lay a foundation of prevention, medical treatment and hygiene of human overall health.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to explore the perceptions of good death of the older adults living in Bang Nang Li Sub-District,Amphawa District,Samut Songkhram Province,Thailand.Method The data of the study was collected...Objective This study aimed to explore the perceptions of good death of the older adults living in Bang Nang Li Sub-District,Amphawa District,Samut Songkhram Province,Thailand.Method The data of the study was collected using in-depth interviews between October 2019 to January 2020.The data collected a total of 14 older adults who had firsthand experience in caring for terminally ill patients were recruited for the study.Content analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data.Results The results of this study revealed the perceptions of good death which were categorized into three main themes and eight sub-themes,including 1)death without suffering(not suffering from life support devices,dying with care);2)natural death(death with the end of life expectancy,death with illness or ailments);and 3)death without the worries(preparation for death,spiritual and belief practice toward preparation for death,family and property management before death,death among family members and at their familiar place).Conclusion The findings of this research provided the insight to clarify the understanding of the perceptions on a good death of older adults.The findings can be used to support the practice and management of nursing education and health care providers who have to be involved in palliative care for terminally ill older adults.展开更多
In this paper, we develop a decentralized algorithm to coord inate a group of mobile robots to search for unknown and transient radio sources. In addition to limited mobility and ranges of communication and sensing, t...In this paper, we develop a decentralized algorithm to coord inate a group of mobile robots to search for unknown and transient radio sources. In addition to limited mobility and ranges of communication and sensing, the robot team has to deal with challenges from signal source anonymity, short transmission duration, and variable transmission power. We propose a two-step approach: First, we decentralize belief functions that robots use to track source locations using checkpoint-based synchronization, and second, we propose a decentralized planning strategy to coordinate robots to ensure the existence of checkpoints. We analyze memory usage, data amount in communication, and searching time for the proposed algorithm. We have implemented the proposed algorithm and compared it with two heuristics. The experimental results show that our algorithm successfully trades a modest amount of memory for the fastest searching time among the three methods.展开更多
AIM: To explore the expression of cadherin isoforms in cultured human gastric carcinoma cells and its regulation. METHODS: The expressions of cell adhesion molecules (including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, α-catenin, ...AIM: To explore the expression of cadherin isoforms in cultured human gastric carcinoma cells and its regulation. METHODS: The expressions of cell adhesion molecules (including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, α-catenin, β-catenin) and cadherin transcription factors including snail, slug and twist were determined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), immunoblotting and immunofluorescence in SV40-immortalized human gastric cell line Ges-1 and human gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803, BGC-823 and SGC-7901. RESULTS: All cell lines expressed N-cadherin, but not E-cadherin. N-cadherin immunofluorescence was detected at cell membranous adherents junctions where co-localization with immunofluorescent staining of inner surface adhesion proteins α- and β-catenins was observed. The transformed Ges-1 and gastric cancer cell lines all expressed transcription factors (snail, slug and twist) which inhibited the expression of E-cadherin and triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. CONCLUSION: Cadherin isoforms can change from E-cadherin to N-cadherin in transformed human gastric cancer cells, which is associated with intracellular events of stomach carcinogenesis and high expression of corresponding transcription factors.展开更多
To solve the problem that in parametric drawing systems, unreasonable parameter values in a parametric model often result in an improper shape of a geometric object, this paper proposes a novel algebraic algorithm for...To solve the problem that in parametric drawing systems, unreasonable parameter values in a parametric model often result in an improper shape of a geometric object, this paper proposes a novel algebraic algorithm for determining the valid range of parameter values in certain 2-dimensional parametric drawing systems. This algorithm can solve valid range of parameters such as radius and coordinate of centre points of parametric models with only linear segments and circles. The result of the study shows that all values within the valid range provided by this algorithm can ensure that the topological shape of a geometric object does not change after reconstruction, and to some extent, this algorithm can significantly promote the efficiency of parametric drawing system design and the intel- lectual level of human-computer interaction. The analysis shows that complexity of this algorithm is O(n2).展开更多
Our concern is to design an assisted-clone scheme which can produce a perfect copy of a three-particle Oreenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) class state with a high probability. In the first stage of the protocol, the s...Our concern is to design an assisted-clone scheme which can produce a perfect copy of a three-particle Oreenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) class state with a high probability. In the first stage of the protocol, the sender teleports the input state to the receiver by using three EPR pairs as the quantum channel. In the second stage of the protocol, a novel set of mutually orthogonal basis vectors is constructed. With the assistance of the preparer through a three-particle projective measurement under this basis, the perfect copy of an original state can be reestablished by the sender with the probability 1/2. Moreover, the classical communication cost of the scheme is also calculated.展开更多
ZSM-5 zeolites with similar St/Al ratio were synthesized successfully using various templates [n- butylamine (BTA), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and no template (NT)] under hydrothermal conditions, The sa...ZSM-5 zeolites with similar St/Al ratio were synthesized successfully using various templates [n- butylamine (BTA), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and no template (NT)] under hydrothermal conditions, The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Py-IR and BET surface area measurements in order to understand the template eiTects and the differences between the ZSM-5 santples. The synthesis of ZSM-5 with organic templates was relatively easier than those with inorganic templates and withnut template. SEM results revealed that ZSM-5 synthesized with different templates had different morphologies in similar particle size. Toluene disproportiortation reaction was carried out over the catalyst samples to evaluate the catalytic properties. The results have shown that large crystals which have a correspondingly small external surface showed a high para-xylene selectivity, and the amount of C9^+ and C5^+ was much less than that obtained from zeolite with small crystals.展开更多
The spread of social media has increased contacts of members of communities on the lntemet. Members of these communities often use account names instead of real names. When they meet in the real world, they will find ...The spread of social media has increased contacts of members of communities on the lntemet. Members of these communities often use account names instead of real names. When they meet in the real world, they will find it useful to have a tool that enables them to associate the faces in fiont of them with the account names they know. This paper proposes a method that enables a person to identify the account name of the person ("target") in front of him/her using a smartphone. The attendees to a meeting exchange their identifiers (i.e., the account name) and GPS information using smartphones. When the user points his/her smartphone towards a target, the target's identifier is displayed near the target's head on the camera screen using AR (augmented reality). The position where the identifier is displayed is calculated from the differences in longitude and latitude between the user and the target and the azimuth direction of the target from the user. The target is identified based on this information, the face detection coordinates, and the distance between the two. The proposed method has been implemented using Android terminals, and identification accuracy has been examined through experiments.展开更多
With transformation of Chinese sports talents cultivation mode, sports team construction at high level in universities has made great achievements. Especially establishing reserves in key universities is the key step ...With transformation of Chinese sports talents cultivation mode, sports team construction at high level in universities has made great achievements. Especially establishing reserves in key universities is the key step of new mode, which is the primary mode of sports team at high level in ordinary universities. To research the situation of key sports team construction at high level, from the degree of competitive sports sustainable development, we research and analyze the cultivation mode of Chinese sports talents and influence factors, aiming at building a talents cultivation mode suitable for Chinese professional competitive sports development and exploring the sustainable way for athletes sports in theory.展开更多
The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce br...The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce briefly the long-term care insurance system in German, Japan and America for our learning. Therefore, China's long-term care insurance system could not totally indiscriminately imitate the mandatory long-term care insurance system in German and Japan, it also could not copy the business model of nursing insurance system in America. The conclusion is that long-term care insurance system in China should use the experience of developed countries based on the basic national conditions, doing some relative works, such as establishing policies and regulations, strengthening personnel training, and improving the market specification.展开更多
文摘Aim A model of human errors is given. His reliability of action is also determined. Safety countermeasures to prevent human errors are put forward. Methods\ Human system is regarded as a maintainable Markov system. On the basis of Markov method, the deduction and calculation in practice are made. Results\ Human errors are the chief factors leading to accidents, and may appear in different models. There are two kinds of states the normal and error state in a process of work. The process of state transfer human system is a Markov process. Human action reliability will be decreased with the continuation of time. Conclusion\ Human errors are described in the quantified form. It will have some significance in terms of theory in the study of the relationship between human action and accidents. Thus helping us in the preven tion of accident occurrence. The safety of a system can be improved in this way.
基金supported by the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau,Council of Agriculture,and National Basic Research Program of China (2008CB425802)
文摘Following the Chichi Earthquake (ML=7.3) in 1999, sediment-related disasters, such as landslides and debris flows, have become more frequent in Taiwan. Because engineering structures cannot be fully and rapidly emplaeed, the government has initiated non-structural hazard mitigation programs. Initially, community debris flow evacuation drills were promoted in 2000. Typhoon Toraji caused numerous debris flow events in July 2001, and some communities evacuated according to the drills, significantly reducing the numbers of possible casualties. Based on that result, the government expanded the program for evacuation drills. Secondly, the early warning system created after the Chichi Earthquake will prevent many potential future casualties. Rainfall threshold values for debris flow warnings in different areas are determined from information received from local weather stations and modified for local geomorphologic situations. Real- time information is gradually being integrated to create a debris flow disaster warning system, the goal of which is to provide warnings to zones in which debris flows are likely. The warning system was launched in 2005 and has two levels of alarms: yellow and red. The final, red alarm triggers enforced evacuation. Overall, the decrease in casualties from debris flows during the decade after the Chichi Earthquake is not the result of a decrease in number or severity of sediment related disasters, but is more directly related to the gradually improved early warning and evacuation system. However, the compound hazards resulting from Typhoon Morakotin 2009 remind us of the ongoing need for improving the existing mitigation system.
基金NationalBasicResearchProgramofChina (No .G19990 5 44 0 6)NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No .3 9970 898)
文摘To develop a HPIX-UV-MS method for identifying the constituents in theChinese drug Notoginseng (the root of Panax notoginseng). Methods A Phenomenex Luna C_(18) column(250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm) was utilized. Water containing 0.005% formic acid (A) and acetonitrilecontaining 0.005% formic acid (B) were used as gradient eluents. UV spectra were recorded in range195 - 400 nm. Both positive and negative ion ESI modes were used. Results The constituents inNotoginseng were well separated and detected. Fourteen compounds were identified by comparing theirretention time and ESI-MS data with those obtained from the reference compounds. Forty-one compoundswere deduced by data analysis of MS and literature; among them, yesanchinosides-H and -E,chikusetsusaponin-L_5, malonyl-ginsenoside-R_(g_1), the isomers of notoginsenosides-J, -A, -R_1, -G,-R_2, and ginsenoside-Rh_3 were discovered in Notoginseng for the first time. Conclusion Thismethod gives high sensitivity and good separation, and is suitable for identifying the constituentsin Notoginseng. This result is helpful for further phytochemical research on Notoginseng. Based onthis result, further quality control can be studied.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Educational Committee(2014J089)~~
文摘Drought, one of the major natural disasters, has attacked Yunnan frequently in recent years, seriously undermining the sustainable development of society and economy and ecological civilization construction. As to the series of drought, this study has expounded the necessity and urgency of human-land relationship regulation in drought control and disaster release, from the aspect of human factorsthe inharmonious relationship between human and land. Based on that, the main countermeasures of drought control and disaster release have been further explored, in order to provide references for the future drought control and disaster release in Yunnan.
文摘Objective: We investigated the effects of monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 combined paclitaxel on the proliferation of HCC cells. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1, paclitaxel alone or their combination, with the untreated cells used as the control, 24, 48, 72, 96 h later, the cell growth condition was observed by invert microscope and inhabitation rate was studied by MTT assay; The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI. Results: The population decreased and shape, size changed after treating with different concentration of experimental groups. Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel used alone or in combination both inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, the inhibition ratio of their combination was more higher (P 〈 0.05), and a synergistic effect of the two agents was noted in their combined action (P 〈 0.05). Combined treatment of the cells resulted in significantly higher apoptosis rate than that in the other groups (P 〈 0.05). Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel used alone or in combination both can inhibit proliferation of HepG2 cells and induce apoptosis. A synergistic effect is obsewed between the monoclonal antibodies against stathmin 1 and paclitaxel in their inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation.
文摘The Almighty created man for contentment, and not for suffering. Creation of the universe was a leap from absolute entropy to substance and the vital world. According to our hypothesis, the goal of creating the universe and humans was to create enjoyment and pleasure by depressing the level of entropy. Current definitions do not adequately express the nature and origin of happiness or suffering, nor do they suggest how to treat, relieve, and prevent the torment of a healthy or sick individual. Our team developed and proposed the entropy theory as a new definition for human happiness and suffering. Entropy is a lack of order or a state of chaos. Human happiness may be defined as the complex of positive sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts. These arise due to the depressed level of entropy of the individual's organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or in the future. Human suffering is the complex of negative sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts that arise due to an increased level of entropy of a person's organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or future. A source of happiness and pleasure denotes depression of entropy in humans. Therefore, in order to treat suffering, one should ensure that the entropy level is reduced by complementing it with that which is missing.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41601281,41701313)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFE0202900)
文摘Erosion agents and patterns profoundly affect hillslope soil loss characteristics. However, few attempts have been made to analyze the effects of rainfall and inflow on soil erosion for hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion or rill erosion in the Chinese Mollisol region. The objective of this study was to discuss the erosive agent(rainfall or inflow), hillslope erosion pattern(sheet erosion or rill erosion) and slope gradient effects on runoff and soil losses. Two soil pans(2.0 m long, 0.5 m wide and 0.5 m deep) with 5° and 10° slopes were subjected to rainfall(0 and 70 mm h–1) and inflow(0 and 70 mm h–1) experiments. Three experimental combinations of rainfall intensity(RI) and inflow rate(IR) were tested using the same water supply of 70 mm by controllingthe run time. A flat soil surface and a soil bed with a straight initial rill were prepared manually, and represented hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion and rill erosion, respectively. The results showed that soil losses had greater differences among treatments than total runoff. Soil losses decreased in the order of RI70+IR70 > RI70+IR0 > RI0+IR70. Additionally, soil losses for hillslopes dominated by rill erosion were 1.7-2.2 times greater at 5° and 2.5-6.9 times greater at 10° than those for hillslopes dominated by sheet erosion. The loss of <0.25 mm soil particles and aggregates varying from 47.72%-99.60% of the total soil loss played a dominant role in the sediment. Compared with sheet erosion hillslopes, rill erosion hillslopes selectively transported more microaggregates under a relatively stable rill development stage, but rills transported increasinglymore macroaggregates under an active rill development stage. In conclusion, eliminating raindrop impact on relatively gentle hillslopes and preventing rill development on relatively steep hillslopes would be useful measures to decrease soil erosion and soil degradation in the Mollisol region of northeastern China.
基金supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China under Grant No.NCET-06-0554the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60677001 and 10747146+3 种基金the Science-Technology Fund of Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth under Grant No.06042087the Key Fund of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No.206063the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant Nos.06300345 and 7007806the Talent Foundation of High Education of Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth under Grant No.2009SQRZ056
文摘In this paper we propose a tripartite scheme for splitting an arbitrary 2-qubit quantum information by using two asymmetric W states as the quantum channel. In the schemem if the two recipients collaborate together, they can deterministically recover the quantum information by performing first a 4-qubit collective unitary operation and then two single-qubit unitary operations. In addition, since the asymmetric W states are employed as the quantum channel, the scheme is robust against decoherence.
文摘Sense and Sensibility is Jane Austen’s debut which uses Elinor’s and Marianne’s marriage life as the main line, describing exquisitely and vividly the protagonists’ love and marriage. Since the dialogue is one of the basic ways to shape characters in literary works, the analysis of dialogues, especially that of those contradictory dialogues helps better analyze the novel itself. This paper analyzes different conversational implicatures in the typical dialogues in Sense and Sensibility, in order to help us to understand character differences, and to further understand the novel’ s theme. Through the analysis, this paper finds that there exist many indirect expressions in the dialogues in Sense and Sensibility, which reflect that characters violate the four maxims of Cooperative Principle in order to implicitly express their true thoughts and avoid such unpleasant communicational effects as embarrassment and conflict.
文摘Two-way feedback of human body was published in 1992. The sensation of two-way feedback of body is a special system of human reaction, which maintains and regulates symmetry and balance of human body. The human two-way feedback reacts to human health. For human overall health and delay decrepitude, it is necessary to pay attention to the stimulations (passive acceptance and initiative interventions) and relevant influences in human body and the stimulative effect. In this paper, the experimental research of stimulation and an example of two-way feedback in human body are given. And lay a foundation of prevention, medical treatment and hygiene of human overall health.
基金The research grant for a potential lecturer was supported by Suan Sunadha Rajabhat Thailand.
文摘Objective This study aimed to explore the perceptions of good death of the older adults living in Bang Nang Li Sub-District,Amphawa District,Samut Songkhram Province,Thailand.Method The data of the study was collected using in-depth interviews between October 2019 to January 2020.The data collected a total of 14 older adults who had firsthand experience in caring for terminally ill patients were recruited for the study.Content analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data.Results The results of this study revealed the perceptions of good death which were categorized into three main themes and eight sub-themes,including 1)death without suffering(not suffering from life support devices,dying with care);2)natural death(death with the end of life expectancy,death with illness or ailments);and 3)death without the worries(preparation for death,spiritual and belief practice toward preparation for death,family and property management before death,death among family members and at their familiar place).Conclusion The findings of this research provided the insight to clarify the understanding of the perceptions on a good death of older adults.The findings can be used to support the practice and management of nursing education and health care providers who have to be involved in palliative care for terminally ill older adults.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation (IIS1318638 and IIS1426752)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Project (ZDS Y20120617113312191)
文摘In this paper, we develop a decentralized algorithm to coord inate a group of mobile robots to search for unknown and transient radio sources. In addition to limited mobility and ranges of communication and sensing, the robot team has to deal with challenges from signal source anonymity, short transmission duration, and variable transmission power. We propose a two-step approach: First, we decentralize belief functions that robots use to track source locations using checkpoint-based synchronization, and second, we propose a decentralized planning strategy to coordinate robots to ensure the existence of checkpoints. We analyze memory usage, data amount in communication, and searching time for the proposed algorithm. We have implemented the proposed algorithm and compared it with two heuristics. The experimental results show that our algorithm successfully trades a modest amount of memory for the fastest searching time among the three methods.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30370555 Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30270658+1 种基金National Major Basic Research Development Program No.G2000057002"211"project.
文摘AIM: To explore the expression of cadherin isoforms in cultured human gastric carcinoma cells and its regulation. METHODS: The expressions of cell adhesion molecules (including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, α-catenin, β-catenin) and cadherin transcription factors including snail, slug and twist were determined by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), immunoblotting and immunofluorescence in SV40-immortalized human gastric cell line Ges-1 and human gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803, BGC-823 and SGC-7901. RESULTS: All cell lines expressed N-cadherin, but not E-cadherin. N-cadherin immunofluorescence was detected at cell membranous adherents junctions where co-localization with immunofluorescent staining of inner surface adhesion proteins α- and β-catenins was observed. The transformed Ges-1 and gastric cancer cell lines all expressed transcription factors (snail, slug and twist) which inhibited the expression of E-cadherin and triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. CONCLUSION: Cadherin isoforms can change from E-cadherin to N-cadherin in transformed human gastric cancer cells, which is associated with intracellular events of stomach carcinogenesis and high expression of corresponding transcription factors.
文摘To solve the problem that in parametric drawing systems, unreasonable parameter values in a parametric model often result in an improper shape of a geometric object, this paper proposes a novel algebraic algorithm for determining the valid range of parameter values in certain 2-dimensional parametric drawing systems. This algorithm can solve valid range of parameters such as radius and coordinate of centre points of parametric models with only linear segments and circles. The result of the study shows that all values within the valid range provided by this algorithm can ensure that the topological shape of a geometric object does not change after reconstruction, and to some extent, this algorithm can significantly promote the efficiency of parametric drawing system design and the intel- lectual level of human-computer interaction. The analysis shows that complexity of this algorithm is O(n2).
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant No.2007CB311203the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61003287 and 60821001+2 种基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20100005120002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.BUPT2009RC0220)the 111 Project(No.B08004)
文摘Our concern is to design an assisted-clone scheme which can produce a perfect copy of a three-particle Oreenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) class state with a high probability. In the first stage of the protocol, the sender teleports the input state to the receiver by using three EPR pairs as the quantum channel. In the second stage of the protocol, a novel set of mutually orthogonal basis vectors is constructed. With the assistance of the preparer through a three-particle projective measurement under this basis, the perfect copy of an original state can be reestablished by the sender with the probability 1/2. Moreover, the classical communication cost of the scheme is also calculated.
文摘ZSM-5 zeolites with similar St/Al ratio were synthesized successfully using various templates [n- butylamine (BTA), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and no template (NT)] under hydrothermal conditions, The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Py-IR and BET surface area measurements in order to understand the template eiTects and the differences between the ZSM-5 santples. The synthesis of ZSM-5 with organic templates was relatively easier than those with inorganic templates and withnut template. SEM results revealed that ZSM-5 synthesized with different templates had different morphologies in similar particle size. Toluene disproportiortation reaction was carried out over the catalyst samples to evaluate the catalytic properties. The results have shown that large crystals which have a correspondingly small external surface showed a high para-xylene selectivity, and the amount of C9^+ and C5^+ was much less than that obtained from zeolite with small crystals.
文摘The spread of social media has increased contacts of members of communities on the lntemet. Members of these communities often use account names instead of real names. When they meet in the real world, they will find it useful to have a tool that enables them to associate the faces in fiont of them with the account names they know. This paper proposes a method that enables a person to identify the account name of the person ("target") in front of him/her using a smartphone. The attendees to a meeting exchange their identifiers (i.e., the account name) and GPS information using smartphones. When the user points his/her smartphone towards a target, the target's identifier is displayed near the target's head on the camera screen using AR (augmented reality). The position where the identifier is displayed is calculated from the differences in longitude and latitude between the user and the target and the azimuth direction of the target from the user. The target is identified based on this information, the face detection coordinates, and the distance between the two. The proposed method has been implemented using Android terminals, and identification accuracy has been examined through experiments.
文摘With transformation of Chinese sports talents cultivation mode, sports team construction at high level in universities has made great achievements. Especially establishing reserves in key universities is the key step of new mode, which is the primary mode of sports team at high level in ordinary universities. To research the situation of key sports team construction at high level, from the degree of competitive sports sustainable development, we research and analyze the cultivation mode of Chinese sports talents and influence factors, aiming at building a talents cultivation mode suitable for Chinese professional competitive sports development and exploring the sustainable way for athletes sports in theory.
文摘The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce briefly the long-term care insurance system in German, Japan and America for our learning. Therefore, China's long-term care insurance system could not totally indiscriminately imitate the mandatory long-term care insurance system in German and Japan, it also could not copy the business model of nursing insurance system in America. The conclusion is that long-term care insurance system in China should use the experience of developed countries based on the basic national conditions, doing some relative works, such as establishing policies and regulations, strengthening personnel training, and improving the market specification.