CAPT and Atmospheric （Climate Change Prediction Radiation Measurement Program Program （CCPP-ARM） Parameterization Testbed） has been a valu- able tool to assess climate models in recent years, and the Tropical Warm...CAPT and Atmospheric （Climate Change Prediction Radiation Measurement Program Program （CCPP-ARM） Parameterization Testbed） has been a valu- able tool to assess climate models in recent years, and the Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment （TWP-ICE） has collected comprehensive measurements to verify its physical parameterizations. The present study evaluates the performances of the two GAMIL （grid-point atmospheric model of lAP LASG） versions during TWP-ICE using CAPT. The results indicate that GAMIL2.0 reproduced better shifts of clouds and rainfall during three distinct monsoon phases than GAMIL1.0, although both of them simulated the large-scale dynamical states well, which are mainly attributable to the different convective parameterizations.展开更多
OX_(2)(X=halogen)molecules was studied theoretically.Calculation results show that delocalizedπ_(3)^(6) bonds exist in their electronic structures and O atoms adopt the sp^(2) type of hybridization,which violates the...OX_(2)(X=halogen)molecules was studied theoretically.Calculation results show that delocalizedπ_(3)^(6) bonds exist in their electronic structures and O atoms adopt the sp^(2) type of hybridization,which violates the prediction of the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory of sp^(3) type.Delocalization stabilization energy is proposed to measure the contribution of delocalizedπ_(3)^(6) bond to energy decrease and proves to bring extra-stability to the molecule.These phenomena can be summarized as a kind of coordinating effect.展开更多
The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea treatments on chemical composition, nutritional value and rumen degradability of sorghum stover. Two groups of animals were used ...The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea treatments on chemical composition, nutritional value and rumen degradability of sorghum stover. Two groups of animals were used in this experiment. The first group, which served as control, was offered untreated sorghum stover. The other, the experiment group recived sorghum stover to which was added 2%, or 4% urea. Crude protein （CP） content of the treated sorghum was enhanced （P 〈 0.05） over the untreated one, and ranked as 7.30% and 6.05% CP for 4% and 2% respectively. Nutrient detergent fiber （NDF） content was decreased （P 〈 0.05） from 92.5% （control） to 89.8% and 87.8% for 2% and 4% urea respectively.Ether extract （EE） content was decreased （P 〈 0.05） from 1.77% （control） to 1.63% and 0.82% for 2% and 4% respectively. The rumen degradability was increased （P 〈 0.05） from 59.2% （control） to 64.2%, and 67.2% for 2%, and 4% sorghum and in hours 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96.展开更多
In order to explore the factors and their complex mechanism affecting the price dynamics under the clean development mechanism （CDM）, this article employs the secondary Certified Emission Reduction （sCER） carbon p...In order to explore the factors and their complex mechanism affecting the price dynamics under the clean development mechanism （CDM）, this article employs the secondary Certified Emission Reduction （sCER） carbon price as the study object, and analyzes its influencing factors from aspects of the international carbon-reduction policies, macroeconomic fluctuations, energy and similar carbon products prices. The innovation of this paper lies in： Introducing necessary factor （the developing countries pricing power） and the application of several international representative indicators to un- derline the ＂world＂ nature of CDM; utilizing different econometric models to obtain noteworthy and more robust results. The authors test the theoretical findings with multiple stationary time series from the launch of CDM to present （2008-2016）. The results reveal that sCER price fluctuation shows the characteristic of asymmetry and substantial persistence. There is a strong statistically significant relationship between macroeconomic conditions, coal and oil prices, with the price of sCER. The authors discover that the pricing power of developing countries indeed has a clear but small impact on the sCER price changes, whereas the price elasticity of supply under CDM is so weak. The interaction between EU emission allowances （EUAs） and sCER presents a shift from dependency to substitution.展开更多
The mission of legal philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics has always been to comprehend the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system for the purpose of improving them. Th...The mission of legal philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics has always been to comprehend the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system for the purpose of improving them. The difficulty of this task lies in the limitations in legal thinking resulting from the division of labor in the legal profession. A clear perception of the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system can only be obtained when we transcend intellectual property rights law. If we adopt the thinking of legal philosophy and the logic of dialectics to analyze the intellectual property rights system and explore the differing nature of institutional structures and their interrelationships, we can show that the intellectual property rights system is essentially an institutional arrangement involving balancing different considerations and implying a high level of political intellect. Only when intellectual property rights legislation possesses this kind of wisdom will people voluntarily abide by its rules in their life and work.展开更多
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-Q11-04)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program,Grant No. 2010AA012304)+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant No. 2010CB951904)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant No. XDA05110304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41023002 and 41005053)
文摘CAPT and Atmospheric （Climate Change Prediction Radiation Measurement Program Program （CCPP-ARM） Parameterization Testbed） has been a valu- able tool to assess climate models in recent years, and the Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment （TWP-ICE） has collected comprehensive measurements to verify its physical parameterizations. The present study evaluates the performances of the two GAMIL （grid-point atmospheric model of lAP LASG） versions during TWP-ICE using CAPT. The results indicate that GAMIL2.0 reproduced better shifts of clouds and rainfall during three distinct monsoon phases than GAMIL1.0, although both of them simulated the large-scale dynamical states well, which are mainly attributable to the different convective parameterizations.
基金supported by the Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Jiangsu Province(No.201910319079Y)。
文摘OX_(2)(X=halogen)molecules was studied theoretically.Calculation results show that delocalizedπ_(3)^(6) bonds exist in their electronic structures and O atoms adopt the sp^(2) type of hybridization,which violates the prediction of the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory of sp^(3) type.Delocalization stabilization energy is proposed to measure the contribution of delocalizedπ_(3)^(6) bond to energy decrease and proves to bring extra-stability to the molecule.These phenomena can be summarized as a kind of coordinating effect.
文摘The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea treatments on chemical composition, nutritional value and rumen degradability of sorghum stover. Two groups of animals were used in this experiment. The first group, which served as control, was offered untreated sorghum stover. The other, the experiment group recived sorghum stover to which was added 2%, or 4% urea. Crude protein （CP） content of the treated sorghum was enhanced （P 〈 0.05） over the untreated one, and ranked as 7.30% and 6.05% CP for 4% and 2% respectively. Nutrient detergent fiber （NDF） content was decreased （P 〈 0.05） from 92.5% （control） to 89.8% and 87.8% for 2% and 4% urea respectively.Ether extract （EE） content was decreased （P 〈 0.05） from 1.77% （control） to 1.63% and 0.82% for 2% and 4% respectively. The rumen degradability was increased （P 〈 0.05） from 59.2% （control） to 64.2%, and 67.2% for 2%, and 4% sorghum and in hours 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.71373065
文摘In order to explore the factors and their complex mechanism affecting the price dynamics under the clean development mechanism （CDM）, this article employs the secondary Certified Emission Reduction （sCER） carbon price as the study object, and analyzes its influencing factors from aspects of the international carbon-reduction policies, macroeconomic fluctuations, energy and similar carbon products prices. The innovation of this paper lies in： Introducing necessary factor （the developing countries pricing power） and the application of several international representative indicators to un- derline the ＂world＂ nature of CDM; utilizing different econometric models to obtain noteworthy and more robust results. The authors test the theoretical findings with multiple stationary time series from the launch of CDM to present （2008-2016）. The results reveal that sCER price fluctuation shows the characteristic of asymmetry and substantial persistence. There is a strong statistically significant relationship between macroeconomic conditions, coal and oil prices, with the price of sCER. The authors discover that the pricing power of developing countries indeed has a clear but small impact on the sCER price changes, whereas the price elasticity of supply under CDM is so weak. The interaction between EU emission allowances （EUAs） and sCER presents a shift from dependency to substitution.
基金a partial outcome of the research project "Research on Carrying out the Scientific Outlook on Development and Applying an Intellectual Property Strategy" (No.:08@zh003) sponsored by the National Social Sciences Fund
文摘The mission of legal philosophy and philosophical hermeneutics has always been to comprehend the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system for the purpose of improving them. The difficulty of this task lies in the limitations in legal thinking resulting from the division of labor in the legal profession. A clear perception of the nature of intellectual property rights and the intellectual property rights system can only be obtained when we transcend intellectual property rights law. If we adopt the thinking of legal philosophy and the logic of dialectics to analyze the intellectual property rights system and explore the differing nature of institutional structures and their interrelationships, we can show that the intellectual property rights system is essentially an institutional arrangement involving balancing different considerations and implying a high level of political intellect. Only when intellectual property rights legislation possesses this kind of wisdom will people voluntarily abide by its rules in their life and work.
