Ground Alignment of Inertial Navigation System with the Aid of GPS Signals

Due to the poor observability of INS ground self alignment, only horizontal alignment is satisfied. This paper proposes using GPS double difference carrier phase as external reference to improve the observability of INS self alignment. Through observability analysis and computer simulation, it is demonstrated that the azimuth alignment is as quick as horizontal alignment, the accuracy of horizontal alignment is improved, and the gyros errors can be estimated quickly and precisely.

根生于土而有籁——评赏交响乐《地图》

本文通过对谭盾的交响音乐《地图》全方面的解析,探究了谭盾音乐的个性与特点,并论述了谭盾对现时音乐所做的贡献和所处的地位。

People＇s Visual Perceptions of Tourism Buildings and Their Environments

The visual and aesthetic aspects of any object are defined by its color, texture, line, and form as well as compositional reference elements such as scale and spatial location in the three-dimensional context. Different methodologies have been developed to conduct visual assessments, based on analyses of the physical, aesthetic, and psychological attributes of the landscape. In this study, relationships between tourism buildings and the environment were analyzed across the perceived landscape and main shopping streets in terms of their color, texture, line and form, scale, and spatial location. Photographic-based questionnaires were administered in Kemer （near Antalya, Turkey） and Knokke （near Brugge, Belgium）. In each location, 30 photographs taken of the coast and principal shopping streets were shown to 100 respondents of different ages, educational backgrounds, and nationalities. Two questions were then asked regarding the visual relationships in the photographs. Six questions regarding socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents were also asked. In both locations, the respondents preferred natural landscapes with few structures, and tourist resorts characterized by small, low-rise, and traditional buildings. The results of this study may provide suggestions for building and landscape architects about how to successfully integrate tourism buildings into the landscape

Microscopic analysis of spherical to γ-soft shape transitions in Zn isotopes

The rapid transition between spherical and γ-soft shapes in Zn isotopes in the mass A 70 region,is analyzed using excitation spectra and collective wave functions obtained by diagonalization of a five-dimensional Hamiltonian for quadrupole vibrational and rotational degrees of freedom,with parameters determined by constrained self-consistent relativistic mean-field calculations for triaxial shapes.The microscopic potential energy surfaces,together with the characteristic collective observables,illustrate a rapid transition from near spherical shape at the N = 40 subshell,to γ-soft deformed shapes for lighter isotopes.The calculated spectra display fingerprints of a second-order shape phase transition that can be approximately described by the E(5) analytic solution.

Relative position determination of a lunar rover using the biased differential phase delay of same-beam VLBI

When only data transmission signals with a bandwidth of 1 MHz exist in the rover, the position can be obtained using the differential group delay data of the same-beam very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). The relative position between a lunar rover and a lander can be determined with an error of several hundreds of meters. When the guidance information of the rover is used to determine relative position, the rover's wheel skid behavior and integral movement may influence the accuracy of the determined position. This paper proposes a new method for accurately determining relative position. The differential group delay and biased differential phase delay are obtained from the same-beam VLBI observation, while the modified biased differential phase delay is obtained using the statistic mean value of the differential group delay and the biased phase delay as basis. The small bias in the modified biased phase delay is estimated together with other parameters when the relative position of the rover is calculated. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed using the same-beam VLBI observation data of SELENE. The radio sources onboard the rover and the lander are designed for same-beam VLBI observations. The results of the simulations of the differential delay of the same-beam VLBI observation between the rover and the lander show that the differential delay is sensitive to relative position. An approach to solving the relative position and a strategy for tracking are also introduced. When the lunar topography data near the rover are used and the observations are scheduled properly, the determined relative position of the rover may be nearly as accurate as that solved using differential phase delay data.