58 winter wheat breeding lines and 4 widely popularized varieties in Huaihe River wheat production regions of Anhui were used to screen resistant germplasms to Fusarium head blight. Incidence, disease index, percentag...58 winter wheat breeding lines and 4 widely popularized varieties in Huaihe River wheat production regions of Anhui were used to screen resistant germplasms to Fusarium head blight. Incidence, disease index, percentage of infected kernels and DON content in the kernels were measured for each variety or line following artificial inoculation of Fusarium spp. pathogens. Reactions of wheat to Fusarium infection varied among genotypes and different types of resistance. The incidence of infection for each variety or line highly correlated to the severity of colonization after infection. DON content was more correlated to the percentage of kernels infected than to the overall incidence or severity. The selected control varieties were all susceptible to FHB, while seven breeding lines demonstrated good resistant performance. New FHB resistant winter wheat varieties appealing to the actual needs are expected from them.展开更多
Thanks to the development of minimally invasive surgery, the last 20 years have witnessed a change in the treatment algorithm of benign esophageal disorders. Today a laparoscopic operation is the treatment of choice f...Thanks to the development of minimally invasive surgery, the last 20 years have witnessed a change in the treatment algorithm of benign esophageal disorders. Today a laparoscopic operation is the treatment of choice for esophageal achalasia and for most patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Because the pathogenesis of achalasia is unknown, treatment is palliative and aims to improve esophageal emptying by decreasing the functional obstruction at the level of the gastro-esophageal junction. The refinement of minimally invasive techniques accompanied by large, multiple randomized control trials with long-term outcome has allowed the laparoscopic Heller myotomy and partial fundoplication to become the treatment of choice for achalasia compared to endoscopic procedures, including endoscopic botulinum toxin injection and pneumatic dilatation. Patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux need to undergo a thorough preoperative workup. After establishing diagnosis, treatment for gastroesophageal reflux should be individualized to patient characteristics and a decision about an operation made jointly between surgeon and patient. The indications for surgery have changed in the last twenty years. In the past, surgery was often considered for patients who did not respond well to acid reducing medications. Today, the best candidate for surgery is the patient who has excellent control of symptoms with proton pump inhibitors. The minimally invasive approach to antireflux surgery has allowed surgeons to control reflux in a safe manner, with excellent long term outcomes. Like achalasia and gastroesophageal reflux, the treatment of patients with paraesophageal hernias has also seen a major evolution. The laparoscopic approach has been shown to be safe, and durable, with good relief of symptoms over the long-term. The most significant controversy with laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair is the optimal crural repair. This manuscript reviews the evolution of these techniques.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the treatment of pediatric functional chronic intestinal constipation (FCIC) with a probiotic goat yogurt. METHODS: A crossover double-blind formula-controlled trial was carried out on 59 students (ag...AIM: To evaluate the treatment of pediatric functional chronic intestinal constipation (FCIC) with a probiotic goat yogurt. METHODS: A crossover double-blind formula-controlled trial was carried out on 59 students (age range: 5-15 years) of a public school in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, presenting a FCIC diagnostic, according to Roma Ⅲ criteria. The students were randomized in two groups to receive a goat yogurt supplemented with 109 colony forming unit/mL Bifidobacterium longum (B.longum) (probiotic) daily or only the yogurt for a period of 5 wk (formula). Afterwards, the groups were intercrossed for another 5 wk. Defecation frequency, stool consistency and abdominal and defecation pain were assessed.RESULTS: Both treatment groups demonstrated improvement in defecation frequency compared to baseline. However, the group treated with probiotic showed most signif icant improvement in the f irst phase of the study. An inversion was observed after crossing over, resulting in a reduction in stool frequency when this group was treated by formula. Probiotic and formula improved stool consistency in the f irst phase of treatment, but the improvement obtained with probiotic was significantly higher (P = 0.03). In the second phase of treatment, the group initially treated with probiotic showed worseningstool consistency when using formula. However, the difference was not signif icant. A signif icant improvement in abdominal pain and defecation pain was observed with both probiotic and formula in the first phase of treatment, but again the improvement was more signif icant for the group treated with B. longum during phase I (P < 0.05). When all data of the crossover study were analyzed, significant differences were observed between probiotic yogurt and yogurt only for defecation frequency (P = 0.012), defecation pain (P = 0.046) and abdominal pain (P = 0.015).展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical effects of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis treated with warm needling moxibustion. Methods One hundred and twenty-five cases were randomly divided into warm needling moxibustion gro...Objective To observe the clinical effects of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis treated with warm needling moxibustion. Methods One hundred and twenty-five cases were randomly divided into warm needling moxibustion group （42 cases）, acupuncture group （41 cases） and western medicine group （42 cases）. Of which, in warm needling moxibustion group, acupuncture combined with warming acupuncture were provided①puncture on Shènshū（肾俞 BL 23）, Gānshū （肝俞BL 18） and Zhìbiān （秩边BL 54） without retention of needles,②Guānyuán （关元CV 4）, Zhō ngjí （ 中极CV 3）, Yīnlíngquán （ 阴陵 GB 34） and Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6） ,with warming acupuncture, once a day; in acupuncture group, the prescriptions and needling technique were the same as those in warm needling moxibustion group, without moxibustion; in western medicine group, Cernilton was applied twice a day, one pill for each time. After one course treatment, the therapeutic effects and NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index （NIH-CPSI） of 3 groups were compared. Results The total effective rate was 88. 10% in warm needling moxibustion group, 63.41% in acupuncture group, and 66.67% in western medicine group. The clinical effect in warm needling moxibustion group was superior to that in either acupuncture group or western medicine group （both P〈0.05）. The score of NIH-CPSI was 11.92 ±7.11 in warm needling moxibustion group, 16.08±6.83 in acupuncture group, and 15.66±5.88 in western medicine group. The score of each group was obviously reduced （both P〈0.01 ） after treatments, in which, the reduction in warm needling moxibustion group was most obvious （both P〈0.0t）. Conclusion A good therapeutic effect of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis was received by warm needling moxibustion.展开更多
基金Supported by the Sci-Tech Innovative Project of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences(13A0207)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201503112-12)
文摘58 winter wheat breeding lines and 4 widely popularized varieties in Huaihe River wheat production regions of Anhui were used to screen resistant germplasms to Fusarium head blight. Incidence, disease index, percentage of infected kernels and DON content in the kernels were measured for each variety or line following artificial inoculation of Fusarium spp. pathogens. Reactions of wheat to Fusarium infection varied among genotypes and different types of resistance. The incidence of infection for each variety or line highly correlated to the severity of colonization after infection. DON content was more correlated to the percentage of kernels infected than to the overall incidence or severity. The selected control varieties were all susceptible to FHB, while seven breeding lines demonstrated good resistant performance. New FHB resistant winter wheat varieties appealing to the actual needs are expected from them.
文摘Thanks to the development of minimally invasive surgery, the last 20 years have witnessed a change in the treatment algorithm of benign esophageal disorders. Today a laparoscopic operation is the treatment of choice for esophageal achalasia and for most patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Because the pathogenesis of achalasia is unknown, treatment is palliative and aims to improve esophageal emptying by decreasing the functional obstruction at the level of the gastro-esophageal junction. The refinement of minimally invasive techniques accompanied by large, multiple randomized control trials with long-term outcome has allowed the laparoscopic Heller myotomy and partial fundoplication to become the treatment of choice for achalasia compared to endoscopic procedures, including endoscopic botulinum toxin injection and pneumatic dilatation. Patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux need to undergo a thorough preoperative workup. After establishing diagnosis, treatment for gastroesophageal reflux should be individualized to patient characteristics and a decision about an operation made jointly between surgeon and patient. The indications for surgery have changed in the last twenty years. In the past, surgery was often considered for patients who did not respond well to acid reducing medications. Today, the best candidate for surgery is the patient who has excellent control of symptoms with proton pump inhibitors. The minimally invasive approach to antireflux surgery has allowed surgeons to control reflux in a safe manner, with excellent long term outcomes. Like achalasia and gastroesophageal reflux, the treatment of patients with paraesophageal hernias has also seen a major evolution. The laparoscopic approach has been shown to be safe, and durable, with good relief of symptoms over the long-term. The most significant controversy with laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair is the optimal crural repair. This manuscript reviews the evolution of these techniques.
基金Supported by Grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvi-mento Cientifico e TecnológicoFundaco de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
文摘AIM: To evaluate the treatment of pediatric functional chronic intestinal constipation (FCIC) with a probiotic goat yogurt. METHODS: A crossover double-blind formula-controlled trial was carried out on 59 students (age range: 5-15 years) of a public school in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, presenting a FCIC diagnostic, according to Roma Ⅲ criteria. The students were randomized in two groups to receive a goat yogurt supplemented with 109 colony forming unit/mL Bifidobacterium longum (B.longum) (probiotic) daily or only the yogurt for a period of 5 wk (formula). Afterwards, the groups were intercrossed for another 5 wk. Defecation frequency, stool consistency and abdominal and defecation pain were assessed.RESULTS: Both treatment groups demonstrated improvement in defecation frequency compared to baseline. However, the group treated with probiotic showed most signif icant improvement in the f irst phase of the study. An inversion was observed after crossing over, resulting in a reduction in stool frequency when this group was treated by formula. Probiotic and formula improved stool consistency in the f irst phase of treatment, but the improvement obtained with probiotic was significantly higher (P = 0.03). In the second phase of treatment, the group initially treated with probiotic showed worseningstool consistency when using formula. However, the difference was not signif icant. A signif icant improvement in abdominal pain and defecation pain was observed with both probiotic and formula in the first phase of treatment, but again the improvement was more signif icant for the group treated with B. longum during phase I (P < 0.05). When all data of the crossover study were analyzed, significant differences were observed between probiotic yogurt and yogurt only for defecation frequency (P = 0.012), defecation pain (P = 0.046) and abdominal pain (P = 0.015).
文摘Objective To observe the clinical effects of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis treated with warm needling moxibustion. Methods One hundred and twenty-five cases were randomly divided into warm needling moxibustion group （42 cases）, acupuncture group （41 cases） and western medicine group （42 cases）. Of which, in warm needling moxibustion group, acupuncture combined with warming acupuncture were provided①puncture on Shènshū（肾俞 BL 23）, Gānshū （肝俞BL 18） and Zhìbiān （秩边BL 54） without retention of needles,②Guānyuán （关元CV 4）, Zhō ngjí （ 中极CV 3）, Yīnlíngquán （ 阴陵 GB 34） and Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6） ,with warming acupuncture, once a day; in acupuncture group, the prescriptions and needling technique were the same as those in warm needling moxibustion group, without moxibustion; in western medicine group, Cernilton was applied twice a day, one pill for each time. After one course treatment, the therapeutic effects and NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index （NIH-CPSI） of 3 groups were compared. Results The total effective rate was 88. 10% in warm needling moxibustion group, 63.41% in acupuncture group, and 66.67% in western medicine group. The clinical effect in warm needling moxibustion group was superior to that in either acupuncture group or western medicine group （both P〈0.05）. The score of NIH-CPSI was 11.92 ±7.11 in warm needling moxibustion group, 16.08±6.83 in acupuncture group, and 15.66±5.88 in western medicine group. The score of each group was obviously reduced （both P〈0.01 ） after treatments, in which, the reduction in warm needling moxibustion group was most obvious （both P〈0.0t）. Conclusion A good therapeutic effect of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis was received by warm needling moxibustion.
