英美法系国家的司法立法

司法立法是英美法系国家一种普遍存在的实践,其以对立法的补充作用和在实践中应用灵活的特点,已经突破了英美法系的范围,在世界范围内有了长足发展,受到越来越多国家的认可。这种实践有何独特之处,是如何发展起来的,以及其存在有哪些局限等问题已进入法学者的研究视野。理清这些理论问题,既有利于合理发挥司法立法的作用,维护法律的统一性和权威性,又可以避免其超出一定限度,造成司法权力的滥用和对立法权的侵害。

大中小学生内隐序列学习的发展性研究

采用序列学习的研究范式,对大中小学生的序列反应时和序列生成成绩进行测量,结果表明:(1)大中小学生均能在序列学习中获得序列规则。(2)采用比例测量方法,大中小学生的序列反应时无显著差异。(3)大中小学生的序列生成成绩是不同的,包含成绩随着年级升高而上升,排除成绩则不随年级变化;小学生包含和排除成绩无显著差异,而中学生和大学生的差异逐渐加大。说明序列学习的意识成分随年级的升高而增加。

浅议税收征管法中偷税行为的修改

在税收征管工作中,偷税行为是对税收征管制度危害比较严重的行为,最为常见、又易与其它违法行为相混淆的行为,因此对其从法理与实务上探讨清楚,进一步明确其准确涵义和外延、完善其具体规定,无疑对税收有关立法、提高税务行政执法与司法审判水平、维护国家利益与纳税人合法权益、减少违法犯罪行为,提高行政效率和社会效益有着重大意义。

国际主权豁免新论

国家主权豁免是指一个国家未经同意,不受另一国法院管辖,一国法院不得对外国国家及其财产行使管辖权,它是国际法上公认的一项原则,包括绝对豁免原则和相对豁免原则两个重要概念,各国学者只对两概念的利弊纷纷著书立说,极力阐述自己的观点,颇有争议.各国均从自己的利益出发,来确定适用绝对豁免原则抑或是相对豁免原则.本文拟就此提出一些个人看法,以期对立法有所借鉴.

Exact Solutions to (2+1)-Dimensional Kaup-Kupershmidt Equation

In this paper, by using the symmetry method, the relationships between new explicit solutions and old ones of the （2＋1）-dimensional Kaup-Kupershmidt （KK） equation are presented. We successfully obtain more general exact travelling wave solutions for （2＋ 1）-dimensional KK equation by the symmetry method and the （G1/G）-expansion method. Consequently, we find some new solutions of （2＋1）-dimensional KK equation, including similarity solutions, solitary wave solutions, and periodic solutions.

A New (2+1)-Dimensional Integrable Equation

A new nonlinear partial differential equation （PDE） in 2＋1 dimensions is obtained from the mKP equation by means of an asymptotically exact reduction method based on Fourier expansion and spatio-temporal resealing. In order to demonstrate integrability property of the new equation, the corresponding Lax pair is obtained by applying the reduction technique to the Lax pair of the mKP equation.

Symmetry Groups and Exact Solutions of New(4+1)-Dimensional Fokas Equation

In this paper, we investigate symmetries of the new （4＋1）-dimensional Fokas equation, including point symmetries and the potential symmetries. We firstly employ the algorithmic procedure of computing the point symmetries. And then we transform the Fokas equation into a potential system and gain the potential symmetries of Fokas equation. Finally, we use the obtained point symmetries wave solutions and other solutions of the Fokas equation. and some constructive methods to get some doubly periodic In particular, some solitary wave solutions are also given.

Reduction and New Explicit Solutions of （2＋1）-Dimensional Breaking Soliton Equation

Abstract By applying the Lie group method, the （2＋l）-dimensional soliton equation is reduced to some （1＋1）-dimensional nonlinear equations. Based upon some new explicit solutions of the （2＋1）-dimensional breaking soliton equation are obtained.

Symmetry Reduction and Exact Solutions of the(3+1)-Dimensional Breaking Soliton Equation

By means of the generalized direct method,a relationship is constructed between the new solutions andthe old ones of the (3+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation.Based on the relationship,a new solution is obtainedby using a given solution of the equation.The symmetry is also obtained for the (3+1)-dimensional breaking solitonequation.By using the equivalent vector of the symmetry,we construct a seven-dimensional symmetry algebra and getthe optimal system of group-invariant solutions.To every case of the optimal system,the (3+1)-dimensional breakingsoliton equation is reduced and some solutions to the reduced equations are obtained.Furthermore,some new explicitsolutions are found for the (3+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation.

Variable sets method for urban flood vulnerability assessment

On the basis of dialectics basic laws and mathematical theorems of variable sets,this paper proposes a variable sets method for urban flood vulnerability assessment.In this method,the comprehensive relative membership degree of multi-indices is represented by an index relative difference degree,which follows the characteristics of dialectical philosophy and mathematics.According to the quality-quantity exchange theorem,the relative difference degree of two adjacent levels(h and h+1),whose index standard interval values cross the boundaries,equals 0 in the urban flood vulnerability assessment.On the basis of the opposite unity theorem,the sum of relative membership degrees should be equal to 1 when indices lie in the adjacent degrees h and h+1.The variable sets method is proved to be theoretically rigorous and computationally simple.This paper takes 29 cities of Hunan province as an example to assess the urban flood vulnerability,and then compares the results from this newly developed method with the assessment results obtained from the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and fuzzy set pair analysis methods.

Nonlocal Symmetries and Explicit Solutions of the Boussinesq Equation

The nonlocal symmetry of the Boussinesq equation is obtained from the known Lax pair. The explicit analytic interaction solutions between solitary waves and cnoidal waves are obtained through the localization procedure of nonlocal symmetry. Some other types of solutions, such as rational solutions and error function solutions, are given by using the fourth Painlev~ equation with special values of the parameters. For some interesting solutions, the figures are given out to show their properties.