在隧洞施工过程中,由于地质条件复杂,隧道开挖时面对高压岩体,存在岩层崩溃和爆炸的风险,岩爆和冒落不仅会造成人员伤亡和设备损坏,还可能导致隧洞失稳和塌方。隧道开挖过程中,地下水会因为地质构造、水位变动等原因突然涌出,形成地下...在隧洞施工过程中,由于地质条件复杂,隧道开挖时面对高压岩体,存在岩层崩溃和爆炸的风险,岩爆和冒落不仅会造成人员伤亡和设备损坏,还可能导致隧洞失稳和塌方。隧道开挖过程中,地下水会因为地质构造、水位变动等原因突然涌出,形成地下水灾害,地下水突涌会导致工作面冲刷、土壤涌流以及隧道失稳等问题,对施工人员和设备的安全造成威胁。地下可能存在瓦斯和有害气体,如甲烷、硫化氢等,易于积聚在隧道中,形成爆炸和中毒风险。瓦斯和有害气体对施工人员的健康造成威胁,还可能引发火灾和爆炸等事故。本文以云南省 M 水库的导流输水隧洞工程为例,旨在有效控制和消除危险源,在施工前进行详细的危险源分析,并制定相应的防护措施和应急预案。展开更多
Corrosion products of structural materials when contained in water usually are in two states:soluble state and colloidal particles with diameter about 10^(-3)—10^(-1)μm.Deposits of such corrosion products on tube su...Corrosion products of structural materials when contained in water usually are in two states:soluble state and colloidal particles with diameter about 10^(-3)—10^(-1)μm.Deposits of such corrosion products on tube surfaces under high pressure will jeopardize the operating economy of power plant equipment and even result in accidents. A numerical study is reported in this paper of the natural convective heat and mass transfer on a vertical heated plate subject to the first or mixed kind of boundary conditions for high-pressure water(P=17MPa)containing metal corrosion products with consideration of variable thermophysical properties.展开更多
文摘在隧洞施工过程中,由于地质条件复杂,隧道开挖时面对高压岩体,存在岩层崩溃和爆炸的风险,岩爆和冒落不仅会造成人员伤亡和设备损坏,还可能导致隧洞失稳和塌方。隧道开挖过程中,地下水会因为地质构造、水位变动等原因突然涌出,形成地下水灾害,地下水突涌会导致工作面冲刷、土壤涌流以及隧道失稳等问题,对施工人员和设备的安全造成威胁。地下可能存在瓦斯和有害气体,如甲烷、硫化氢等,易于积聚在隧道中,形成爆炸和中毒风险。瓦斯和有害气体对施工人员的健康造成威胁,还可能引发火灾和爆炸等事故。本文以云南省 M 水库的导流输水隧洞工程为例,旨在有效控制和消除危险源,在施工前进行详细的危险源分析,并制定相应的防护措施和应急预案。
文摘Corrosion products of structural materials when contained in water usually are in two states:soluble state and colloidal particles with diameter about 10^(-3)—10^(-1)μm.Deposits of such corrosion products on tube surfaces under high pressure will jeopardize the operating economy of power plant equipment and even result in accidents. A numerical study is reported in this paper of the natural convective heat and mass transfer on a vertical heated plate subject to the first or mixed kind of boundary conditions for high-pressure water(P=17MPa)containing metal corrosion products with consideration of variable thermophysical properties.