超声波雾化-预滤导流法对工业锅炉烟气脱硫除尘处理的研究

介绍了一种超声波雾化-预滤导流法净化工业锅炉排放的烟气处理装置,该处理装置由左向右依次设置有进气口、预滤器、导流板、出气口;其中装置上端还设有常规型雾化喷头、超细雾化喷头、超声波发生器、雾化供给泵、脱硫液箱;装置下端设有储尘斗、排尘阀、和支架。装置中四块导流板分别设有一定的倾斜角,两种雾化喷头均成组交叉分布。该装置可减少企业后端烟气净化设施脱硫除尘的负荷,保障工业锅炉产生的烟气达标排放。

1998年安徽省长江干堤管涌抢护主要对策及几点认识

汛期,在堤防出现众多类型的险情之中,管涌被称为溃口级险情。1998年长江流域发生了自1954年以来的第二位大洪水,安徽省长江干堤受长历时高洪水位的作用,管涌险情发生的频率较高,对堤防防洪安全威胁较大。因此,对出现管涌险情及时采取抢护措施、科学的抢护方法是防汛抗洪的关键任务。做好险工险段抢险预案,备好抢险物料和落实责任制,为抢险赢得主动和时间。

An adaptive noise attenuation method for edge and amplitude preservation

Noise intensity distributed in seismic data varies with different frequencies or frequency bands; thus, noise attenuation on the full-frequency band affects the dynamic properties of the seismic reflection signal and the subsequent seismic data interpretation, reservoir description, hydrocarbon detection, etc. Hence, we propose an adaptive noise attenuation method for edge and amplitude preservation, wherein the wavelet packet transform is used to decompose the full-band seismic signal into multiband data and then process these data using nonlinear anisotropic dip-oriented edge-preserving fi ltering. In the fi ltering, the calculated diffusion tensor from the structure tensor can be exploited to establish the direction of smoothing. In addition, the fault confidence measure and discontinuity operator can be used to preserve the structural and stratigraphic discontinuities and edges, and the decorrelation criteria can be used to establish the number of iterations. These parameters can minimize the intervention and subjectivity of the interpreter, and simplify the application of the proposed method. We applied the proposed method to synthetic and real 3D marine seismic data. We found that the proposed method could be used to attenuate noise in seismic data while preserving the effective discontinuity information and amplitude characteristics in seismic refl ection waves, providing high-quality data for interpretation and analysis such as high-resolution processing, attribute analysis, and inversion.

DESIGN & REALIZATION ON GPS/INS INTEGRATED NAVIGATION SYSTEM

This paper deals with the research of the GPS/INS integrated navigation system applying Extended Kalman Filter, which involves integrated principles, scheme and technology of combining with real INS and GPS receiver data. Emphases are placed on the modeling of system errors and implementation of the integrated system. Both loose and tightly coupled GPS/INS integrated in schemes are analyzed. On the basis of our experience accumulated in the research of GPS/INS for many years, the GPS/INS integrated navigation developing system is developed. It can be put into efficient and economic use in the study and design of integrated navigation system. It plays an important role in the aeronautical and astronautical fields in China. This system is not only a computer aided design software but also a semi physical simulation system by obtaining real INS and GPS receiver data. So the key software unit of the developing system could be conveniently transferred into practical engineering software in actual hardware integrated system. The application of this system shows that the design ideas and integrated scheme of this development system are successful, and can achieve good navigation result.

北江大堤管涌险情的判别、抢护与防治

根据北江大堤抗洪抢险和除险加固的实践 ,分析总结了北江大堤管涌险情的成因及其判别 ,介绍了管涌险情的抢护方法与防治措施 ,指出基础渗漏引起的管涌险情仍是北江大堤防洪安全的重要隐患 ,最后对北江大堤今后的管涌治理提出了一些设想和建议。

NOVEL CELESTIAL NAVIGATION FOR SATELLITE USING X-RAY PULSARS

The X-ray pulsar-based navigation is a novel technology for the satellite autonomous navigation. The position and the velocity of the satellite are deterimined by using the pulse phases detected at the satellite and predicted by the pulse timing models. With the detected pulse phase, the satellite position with respect to the Earth center can be calculated along the line-of-sight to the pulsar. Using three pulsars, the satellite position in the in- ertial frame can be resolved. The extended Kalman filter （EKF） algorithm is designed to incorporate the range measurements with the satellite dynamics. Simulation verification shows that the proposed algorithm can accu- rately determine the satellite orbit, with the position error less than 100 m. Furthermore, the factors influencing the navigation performance are also discussed.

土坡滑坡应急处置技术与防控机理研究

为适应滑坡应急处置的需要,在分析常见滑坡防控措施与机理后,选用螺旋锚作为应急处置的技术手段,研制开发了车载施工设备,大大提高了快速反应能力与机动性。对于降雨渗水引起的滑坡,提出了锚固与反滤导渗相结合的防控机理,综合提高坡体的稳定性。该技术方法具有处置速度快、劳动强度低的特点。

堤脚处管涌与散浸和内脱坡并发共生时的抢护方案实证分析

为及时控制险情,根据防汛抢险实践和案例,对堤脚处管涌与散浸和内脱坡并发共生时的险情与抢护进行了分析。结果表明:高水位长时间持续期间,排水沟截面宜开挖成等腰梯形并填入反滤料可有效防止沟壁坍塌;分阶段进行管涌围井更具针对性;险情抢护方案应具有前瞻性、针对性和可操作性。

Models for amplitude fluctuation of underwater acoustic narrow band signal based on modified modal scintillation index

A self-normalized statistic the modified modal scintillation index MMSI is proposed and defined as the variance of the modulus of modal excitation normalized by the square of its expected value over some observation intervals.It is proved in an analytical form that the MMSI is a depth dependent signature and independent of the source level and the source range under the condition of the ideal waveguide while the classical modal scintillation index MSI depends on both the source level and the source range.The MSI and the MMSI in the Pekeris waveguide at 70 Hz are simulated with different source levels and source ranges by the Kraken normal mode model.The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical deduction.The MMSI probability density functions PDFs of different normal modes for surface and submerged sources are calculated using the mode filtering methods with the same variations of vertical motions.It is indicated that the PDFs can be used to separate the submerged and the surface sources except for the fourth mode.

荆江大堤尹家湾、木沉渊管涌险情抢护及汛后整险加固工程分析

介绍了2012年荆江大堤尹家湾、木沉渊管涌险情发生经过及抢险方案,以及汛后对险情进行整险加固的方案。着重阐述了管涌抢险采用围井导滤方法以及围井导滤抢险中应该注意的问题,并对汛后整险加固方案进行简单叙述。

黄水套闸内渠道边坡管涌险情抢护措施应用与思考

2020年7月,黄水套闸内渠道边坡发生管涌险情,通过采取围井导滤、蓄水反压、反滤料覆盖等措施运用,险情得到有效控制,但真正对控制险情发展起决定性作用的抢护措施是蓄水反压。本文通过对黄水套闸内渠道边坡管涌险情抢护过程及其抢护措施机理与应用进行剖析,指出了围井导滤不成功如何处置、设置围井导滤的应注意事项、蓄水反压应用条件及涵闸的运行管理维护等需要高度重视的几个方面,为今后管涌险情抢护措施运用提供一些思路与借鉴。

INFORMATION FUSION TECHNOLOGY FOR FSINS/DR/BEIDOU DOUBLE-STAR IN LAND FIGHTING-VEHICLE

The fiber strapdown inertial navigation system （FSINS）/dead reckoning （DR）/Beidou double-star integrated navigation scheme is proposed aiming at the need of land fighting-vehicle independence positioning. The measurement information fusion technology is studied by introducing the FSINS/DR/Beidou double-star integrated scheme. Several specific methods for the information fusion are discussed, and a Kalman filter is designed for the information fusion. Experimental results show that the design of the integrated scheme can improve the positioning accuracy of the navigation system.

Application of unscented Kalman filter to novel terrain passive integrated navigation system

To improve the navigation accuracy of an autonomous underwater vehicle （AUV）, a novel terrain passive integrated navigation system （TPINS） is presented. According to the characteristics of the underwater environment and AUV navigation requirements of low cost and high accuracy, a novel TPINS is designed with a configuration of the strapdown inertial navigation system （SINS）, the terrain reference navigation system （TRNS）, the Doppler velocity sonar （DVS）, the magnetic compass and the navigation computer utilizing the unscented Kalman filter （UKF） to fuse the navigation information from various navigation sensors. Linear filter equations for the extended Kalman filter （EKF）, nonlinear filter equations for the UKF and measurement equations of navigation sensors are addressed. It is indicated from the comparable simulation experiments of the EKF and the UKF that AUV navigation precision is improved substantially with the proposed sensors and the UKF when compared to the EKF. The TPINS designed with the proposed sensors and the UKF is effective in reducing AUV navigation position errors and improving the stability and precision of the AUV underwater integrated navigation.

A FAST KALMAN FILTER FOR INTEGRATED GPS/INS BASED ON U-D FACTORIZATION

A fast U D factorization based Kalman filter for the 21 state integrated global positioning system and inertial navigation system (GPS/INS) is developed from the point of engineering implementation. The conventional Kalman filter is widely used for integration of GPS/INS, however, due to the model and numerical computation errors, the Kalman filter may diverge in engineering implementation. In order to solve this problem, an extended Kalman filter based on the U D factorization is proposed. Moreover, the high order integrated system suffers from the problem of long computation time, leading to difficulties in real time applications. An algorithmic approach is developed to improve the computational speed. A typical aircraft trajectory is simulated to compare the improvement in the computational speed and the navigation accuracy using the conventional Kalman filter and the fast Kalman filter based on the U D factorization. The results indicate that the methods proposed in this paper are very effective in overcoming these problems for the high dynamic integrated GPS/INS system.

MODEL OF FLIGHT TECHNICAL ERROR IN SYMMETRICAL PLANE FOR PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION

In the performance based navigation（PBN）,the flight technical error（FTE）and the navigation system error（NSE）are two main parts of total system error（TSE）.The implementation of PBN requires pre-flight prediction and en-route short-term dynamical prediction of TSE.Once the sum of predicted FTE and NSE is greater than the specified PBN value,PBN cannot operate.Thus,it requires accurate modeling and thorough analysis of the two main contributors.Multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO）longitudinal flight control system of ARIC model is designed using the linear quadratic Gaussian and loop transfer recovery（LQG/LTR）method,and FTE in symmetrical plane of aircraft is analyzed during the turbulence disturbed approach.The error estimation mapping function of FTE in symmetrical plane and its bound estimation model are proposed based on the singular value theory.The model provides an approach based on the forming mechanism of FTE,rather than the costly flight test and the data fitting.Real-data based simulation validates the theoretical analysis of FTE in symmetrical plane.It also shows that FTE is partially caused by the turbulence fluctuation disturbance when the automatic flight control system（AFCS）is engaged and increases with escalating the environmental turbulence intensity.

Monitoring large-area mining subsidence by GNSS based on IGS stations

In order to monitor large-area mining subsidence accurately, a high-precision global navigation satellite system （GNSS） monitoring network was established based on the nearby international GNSS service （IGS） stations taken as reference points. Given the non-linear motions of IGS stations, the robust Kalman filtering （RKF） model was presented to determine the datum of multi-period monitoring network considering the velocity and weekly solution of IGS stations. The theory proposed was applied to monitoring mining subsidence in northern Anhui coal mine in China. According to the case study, the RKF model to establish monitoring datum is better than the prediction method and the weekly solution from IGS analysis centers （ACs）, and the corresponding precision of deformation can reach up to millimeter level with 4 h observation. The research provides an efficient and accurate approach for monitoring large-area mining subsidence.

Cooperative navigation and localization for multiple UUVs

The authors proposed a moving long baseline algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter （EKF） for cooperative navigation and localization of multi-unmanned underwater vehicles （UUVs）. Research on cooperative navigation and localization for multi-UUVs is important to solve navigation problems that restrict long and deep excursions. The authors investigated improvements in navigation accuracy. In the moving long base line （MLBL） structure, the master UUV is equipped with a high precision navigation system as a node of the moving long baseline, and the slave UUV is equipped with a low precision navigation system. They are both equipped with acoustic devices to measure relative location. Using traditional triangulation methods to calculate the position of the slave UUV may cause a faulty solution. An EKF was designed to solve this, combining the proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensors. Research results proved that the navigational accuracy is improved significantly with the MLBL method based on EKF.

Initial Alignment Technique for SINS of Vehicles in the Moving State

An initial alignment technique for the strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) of vehicles in the moving state is researched. By selecting an odometer as the system’s external sensor, the mathematical model for the alignment in the moving state is established and the observability of the system is analyzed. The results show that the SINS can successfully achieve the precision alignment in 10 min when the vehicle is moving toward the prearranged place after its staying for several seconds to perform the coarse alignment. The precision of alignment can also be improved in the moving state compared with that in the static state.

Multisource least-squares reverse-time migration with structure-oriented filtering

The technology of simultaneous-source acquisition of seismic data excited by several sources can significantly improve the data collection efficiency. However, direct imaging of simultaneous-source data or blended data may introduce crosstalk noise and affect the imaging quality. To address this problem, we introduce a structure-oriented filtering operator as preconditioner into the multisource least-squares reverse-time migration （LSRTM）. The structure-oriented filtering operator is a nonstationary filter along structural trends that suppresses crosstalk noise while maintaining structural information. The proposed method uses the conjugate-gradient method to minimize the mismatch between predicted and observed data, while effectively attenuating the interference noise caused by exciting several sources simultaneously. Numerical experiments using synthetic data suggest that the proposed method can suppress the crosstalk noise and produce highly accurate images.

Application of H_∞ filtering in the initial alignment of strapdown inertial navigation system

In this paper , the principle of H∞ filtering is discussed and H_∞ filter is constructed, which is used in the initial alignment of the strapdown inertial navigation systems(SINS). The error model of SINS is derived. By utilizing constructed H∞ filter, the filtering calculation to that system has been conducted. The simulation results of the misalignment angle are given under the condition of unknown noises. The results show that the process of alignment with H∞ filter is much faster and with excellent robustness.