In this paper,we explore possible conflict between morphological and molecular interpretations of phylogenetic relationships within the well-known peritrichous genus Zoothamnium. On the basis of morphological evidence...In this paper,we explore possible conflict between morphological and molecular interpretations of phylogenetic relationships within the well-known peritrichous genus Zoothamnium. On the basis of morphological evidence,for a long time this genus has been believed to be a well-defined monophyletic taxon. Nonetheless,Z oothamnium exhibits higher genetic diversity than the gross morphology of its species. Here,we used all available genetic information for the small subunit of ribosomal RNA(SSU r RNA) and internal transcribed spacer region(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) for this genus to reconstruct phylogenies for four datasets(SSU rRNA,ITS1,ITS2,and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and a combined dataset(SSU rRNA+ITS1-5.8SITS2) using different phylogenetic methods and with consideration of the secondary structure of the genes. Confidence in phylogenetic tree selection was assessed with the approximately unbiased test. The molecular results showed both that Zoothamnium is more likely to be polyphyletic,and morphologically similar genera Zoothamnopsis and Myoschiston were always nested among Zoothamnium species. Accordingly,as with some other groups of ciliates,to understand more fully the correct phylogeny of Zoothamnium there remains a need for additional data from both morphological and molecular studies,covering additional Zoothamnium spp. and members of closely related genera(e.g. Zoothamnopsis,Myoschiston,and Epistylis).展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31071898,31111120437)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry of China+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Mariculture(KLM),Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,the Research Group Project(No.RGP-VPP-083)the King Saud University Deanship of Scientific Research
文摘In this paper,we explore possible conflict between morphological and molecular interpretations of phylogenetic relationships within the well-known peritrichous genus Zoothamnium. On the basis of morphological evidence,for a long time this genus has been believed to be a well-defined monophyletic taxon. Nonetheless,Z oothamnium exhibits higher genetic diversity than the gross morphology of its species. Here,we used all available genetic information for the small subunit of ribosomal RNA(SSU r RNA) and internal transcribed spacer region(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) for this genus to reconstruct phylogenies for four datasets(SSU rRNA,ITS1,ITS2,and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and a combined dataset(SSU rRNA+ITS1-5.8SITS2) using different phylogenetic methods and with consideration of the secondary structure of the genes. Confidence in phylogenetic tree selection was assessed with the approximately unbiased test. The molecular results showed both that Zoothamnium is more likely to be polyphyletic,and morphologically similar genera Zoothamnopsis and Myoschiston were always nested among Zoothamnium species. Accordingly,as with some other groups of ciliates,to understand more fully the correct phylogeny of Zoothamnium there remains a need for additional data from both morphological and molecular studies,covering additional Zoothamnium spp. and members of closely related genera(e.g. Zoothamnopsis,Myoschiston,and Epistylis).
文摘游仆类是纤毛虫中进化最为复杂和高等的一大类群,为了进一步探索和完善游仆类的多样性,本研究利用活体观察、蛋白银和银浸法染色技术对采自青岛小西湖的小腔游仆虫(Euplotes aediculatus)的形态学及细胞发生学进行了详尽的研究,并在完整的形态学及发生学研究基础上,测定了小腔游仆虫的核糖体小亚基基因(SSU r DNA)序列,通过序列比较和分子系统树构建等方法,对小腔游仆虫的系统地位进行了分析。结果表明:本种鉴别特征为9根额腹棘毛,5根横棘毛,2根缘棘毛,2根尾棘毛,8列背触毛,double-eurystomus型银线系。发生学特征包括:(1)后仔虫口原基在表皮下独立发生,前仔虫完全继承老口围带;(2)额–腹–横棘毛原基从左向右按照3:3:3:2:2的模式形成额腹棘毛和横棘毛;(3)前后仔虫最左侧额腹棘毛分别由独立产生的原基形成;(4)缘棘毛原基独立发生;(5)初级背触毛原基来自虫体中部老结构的反分化;(6)前后仔虫尾棘毛分别来自最右侧2列背触毛原基和老背触毛列末端;这些特征显示出游仆虫属个体发生模式的高度保守性。分子系统分析与形态学数据一致,即游仆虫属为单元发生,且小腔游仆虫与艾美游仆虫(Euplotes amieti)、阔口游仆虫(E.eurystomus)和伍氏游仆虫(E.woodruffi)聚在一起。
