瓶颈分配问题的圈小元素算法

本文针对瓶颈分配问题的传统算法存在的缺陷提出了一种新的圈小元素算法,并对此进行了严格证明。

关于具有0,1元素的格

给出了具有 0 ,1元素格中本质元、小元的若干性质及紧致格的一个充要条件。

基于雅可比矩阵的电压控制区域划分的改进

对应用比较广泛的电压控制区域(VCA)划分方法进行了改进,在传统的去除小元素法基础上,采用牛顿—拉夫逊法潮流雅可比矩阵中有功和无功对电压幅值偏导数的子矩阵之和进行VCA划分;然后,将各种拓扑变化对系统电压稳定性的影响进行排序,按从大到小的顺序用这些拓扑变化对得到的VCA分区进行修正,直到修正结果不再改变为止,从而得到了适用于各种拓扑结构下电压稳定性分析的分区。改进后分区的有效性在新英格兰10机39节点系统上得到了验证。

运输问题中一种有效降低初始目标函数值的方法

本文对运输问题中的最小元素法进行了改进,寻找到一种在寻找运输问题最优解时能有效降低初始方案的目标函数值,以减少求解过程中迭代次数的方法。

弱整序集的若干定理和超穹归纳法

将整序集上的若干主要定理和超穹归纳法推广到弱整序集上，使得超穹归纳法得到更为广泛的应用．

初探复活建筑的＂场所＂精神

本文通过回顾建筑的发展历程,分析了现代建筑设计对场所的破坏和无视,导致的建筑多样性的丧失、建筑元素的流失等系列问题.提倡探索复原建筑的场所,尽可能地利用场所元素进行建造.

Correlation Analysis between Quality Characteristics and Fruit Mineral Element Contents in 'Fuji' Apples

[Objective] The aims were to explore the relationship between the contents of fruit mineral elements and quality features of the ＇Fuji＇ apple, screen major mineral elements of the fruit affecting fruit quality features, and set up optimum proposals of fruit mineral elements for good fruit qualities, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable orchard soil and foliar fertilizer applications to increase fruit quality and reduce the physiological diseases related to the ＇Fuji＇ apple. [Methods] The fruit mineral elements and quality indicators of ＇Fuji＂ apples were in- vestigated and analyzed, which were collected from the 153 commercial apple or- chards of ＂Fuji＇ apple located in 51 counties. The variable importance for projection （VlP） of partial least squares regression （PLS） method was used to analyze the model effect and weight analysis impact of the fruit mineral element contents to fruit quality, screen out major factors of fruit mineral elements influencing the different fruit qualities, and set up the regression equation of the fruit qualities and major fruit mineral elements. Linear programming was used to obtain optimum proposals of the fruit mineral elements to achieve good ＇Fuji＇ apple qualities. [Results] The mineral elements content and quality characteristics in ＂Fuji＇ apple fruit had great differences in the different produce regions in which the maximum content of nitro- gen, iron, zinc and boron in the ＇Fuji＇ fruit were12.06, 6.17, 7.7, and 10.08 times greater than the minimum respectively, and the differences for titratable acid and the SSC/TA ratio were 2.33 and 2.16 times respectively. The correlation analysis between the fruit mineral element contents and qualities showed that the nitrogen content of fruit had a significantly negative correlation with the soluble solid content, SSC/TA ratio and red color area, while the calcium and iron contents in the fruit were in significantly positive correlation with the soluble solid content and SSC/TA ratio. The model effect and weight analysis showed that the content of nitrogen and iron in the fruit had a greater influence on the integral fruit quality, followed by phosphorus, potassium and calcium. The variable importance for projection （VlP） technology of PLS found that the mean fruit weight was primarily affected by nitro- gen, phosphorus and potassium, and the soluble solid was primarily affected by ni- trogen, calcium and iron, while the red color area was primarily affected by nitro- gen, potassium, calcium, iron and zinc. The regression equation between fruit quality and mineral element contents showed that the mean fruit weight had a greater pos- itive effect coefficient with the content of phosphorus and potassium, and a greater negative effect coefficient with the content of nitrogen in the fruit. Moreover, the sol- uble solid had the largest negative effect coefficient with nitrogen and largest posi- tive effect coefficient with calcium and iron in the fruit. [Conclusion] The maximum content of soluble solid and titratable acid were 1.5 times more than the minimum, and nitrogen, iron, zinc and boron were 6 times more than in the ＇Fuji＇ apple fruit in the different produce regions. Therefore, it is a key technological measure to improve the overall qualities of the ＂Fuji＇ apple by decreasing the content of nitrogen, and increasing the contents of iron, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in the fruit.

Accumulation and Fractionation of Rare Earth Elements in a Soil-Wheat System

Time series bioaccumulation of rare earth elements （REEs） in field-grown wheat with and without a dressing of extraneous REE fertilizer at different growth stages and fractionation of REEs during their transport in a soil-wheat system were determined. Time-dependent accumulation of extraneous REEs was found in different parts of wheat. An upward transport of extraneous REEs from roots to shoots under a soil dressing and a downward transport from leaves to roots with a foliar dressing were also observed. Moreover, fractionation of REEs occurred in the soil-wheat system. Compared to the host soil a positive Eu anomaly in the stems and grains as well as heavy REE enrichment in the grains were found. The ability of the different wheat organs to fractionate Eu from the REE series was ranked in the order of sterns 〉 grains 〉 leaves 〉 roots.

Effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin E and selenium on rat hepatic stellate cell apoptosis

AIM： To evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin E and selenium on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells （HSCs）, in acute liver injury induced by CCI4, and to explore their role in the recovery from hepatic fibrosis phase. METHODS： An acute liver damage model of rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride （0.3 ml/100 g body weight） twice a week, then the rats were killed at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after the first and third injection, respectively. A liver fibrosis model was established by the same injection for 8 wk. Then three rats were killed at 3, 7, 14, and 28 d after the last injection, respectively. The rats from the intervention group were fed with chow supplemented with vitamin E （250 mg/kg） and selenium （0.2 mg/kg）, and the rats in the normal control group and pathological group were given standard chow. Livers were harvested and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Sirius red. Activated HSCs were determined by s-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry staining. Apoptotic HSCs were determined by dual staining with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase UTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and α-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were also analyzed. RESULTS： In the acute liver damage model, the degree of liver injury was more serious in the pathological group than in the intervention group. At each time point, the number of activated HSCs was less in the intervention group than in the pathological group, while the number of apoptotic HSCs was more in the intervention group than in the pathological group. In the liver fibrosis model, the degree of liver fibrosis was more serious in the pathological group than in the intervention group. At each time point, the number of activated HSCs was less in the intervention group than in the pathological group, and the number of apoptotic HSCs was more in the intervention group than in the pathological group. CONCLUSION： Vitamin E and selenium supplementation at the given level can inhibit CCI4-induced activation and proliferation of HSCs and promote the apoptosis of activated HSCs in acute damage phase. Vitamin E and selenium can also effectively decrease the degree of hepatic fibrosis and promote the recovery process.

Edge detection method for remote sensing image based on morphological variable structuring element

There are problems such as incomplete edges and poor noise suppression when a single fixed morphological structuring element is used to detect the edges in remote sensing images. For this reason, a morphological edge detection method for remote sensing image based on variable structuring element is proposed. Firstly, the structuring elements with different scales and multiple directions are constructed according to the diversity of remote sensing imagery targets. In order to suppress the noise of the target background and highlight the edge of the image target in the remote sensing image by adaptive Top hat and Bottom hat transform, the corresponding adaptive morphological operations are constructed based on variable structuring elements; Secondly, adaptive morphological edge detection is used to obtain multiple images with different scales and directional edge features; Finally, the image edges are obtained by weighted summation of each direction edge, and then the least square is used to fit the edges for accurate location of the edge contour of the target. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only can detect the complete edge of remote sensing image, but also has high edge detection accuracy and superior anti-noise performance. Compared with classical edge detection and the morphological edge detection with a fixed single structuring element, the proposed method performs better in edge detection effect, and the accuracy of detection can reach 95 %

Research Progress of Special Wheat Nutrition Components and Application

With the increased pace of life and improved consumption level of people, the demand for food developed from natural resources is increasing day by day. Related researches have shown that the nutrition level of special wheat is higher than that of common wheat. Special wheat can improve the nutritional structure and diet quality of people. However, the researches on special wheat are rare at home and abroad. Compared with the common wheat, special wheat still faces many challenges in taste quality, storage stability, processing suitability as main food, etc. This paper summarized the researches on analysis and application of special wheat nutrition components at home and abroad so as to evaluate comprehensively the development prospect of special wheat.

Supernatural Elements in Kipling＇s ＂The Mark on the Beast＂, Conan Doyle＇s ＂Lot No. 249＂, and Wells＇ ＂The Truth About Peycraft＂： The Gothic Short Story as Voicing and Exorcising Late Victorian Crisis

The aim of this paper is the analysis of the supernatural elements in Kipling＇s ＂The Mark on The Beast＂ （1890） Conan Doyle＇s ＂Lot No. 249＂ （1892）, and Wells＇ ＂The Truth about Peycraft＂ （1903） conceived of as the expression of the revitalisation of the Gothic imagery which, through the short story, serve to voice and exorcise late Victorian crisis, de-Constructing late Victorian identity. First, the complex nature of late Victorian Britain crisis will be deepened. Second, the short story will be focused on as an independent genre from the novel which mostly epitomized Fin de Si6cle literary fantastic discourse. Finally, the short stories will be investigated as textual examples of what Brantlinger （1988） defined as Imperial Gothic, instrumental in voicing and exorcising the pressures of late Victorian crisis

Mechanisms of Difference in Mn Efficiency Between Wheat and Oilseed Rape

By solution culture experiment, three wheat genotypes (Ttiticum aestivum L.) and two oilseed rape genotypes (Brassica napus L.) differing in Mn efficiency under Mn-deficient conditions were used to study mechanisms of the difference in Mn efficiency between wheat and oilseed rape. The results showed that there were significant differences in the abilities of MnIV reduction and acidification in root rhizosphere between the two species. Compared with wheat, oilseed rape had much higher reducing capacity and intensity of rhizosphere acidification under Mn-deficient conditions. Moreover, the higher ratio of functional leaves Mn/old leaves Mn in oilseed rape than in wheat was also an important factor for the different Mn efficiencies between the two species.

Potential production simulation and optimal nutrient management of two hybrid rice varieties in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China

Potential growth of two widely-grown hybrid rice varieties in the Jinhua district of Zhejiang Province, Shanyou63 for mid-rice and Xieyou46 for late rice, was simulated using a crop growth model of WOFOST. Parameters of the rice growth in WOFOST were calibrated through field experiments from 1999 to 2002 in Jinhua. The potential yield simulated with WOFOST was about 12 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 10 t/ha for Xieyou46, which are in good agreement with the highest recorded yield obtained in this area. Under farmers practice, current yield is about 7.5 t/ha for Shanyou63 and 6.5 t/ha for Xieyou46. There is a gap between the actual rice yield and the potential yield for these two hybrid rice varieties grown in this area. The attainable target yields were set to 70% to 75% of their potential yields for the two varieties. A recently developed software "Nutrient Decision Support System (NuDSS)" for irrigated rice was used to optimize nutrient management for these two rice varieties. According to NuDSS, the optimal fertilizer N requirement for the target yields was about 150 kg/ha for Shanyou63 and about 120 kg/ha for Xieyou46, which were only about 70% of the fertilizer N application under current farmers' practice. Comparing with farmers' practice, there is great potential to increase actual rice yields and to reduce fertilizer N use rates by improving rice crop management practice in Jinhua.

The Properties of Finitely Generated Shift-invariant Subspace in L_(2π)~2

In this paper, some properties of shift invariant subspace in Periodic wavelets theory are discussed.

Influence of zinc sulfate intake on acute ethanol-induced liver injury in rats

AIM： To investigate the role of metallothionein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） on the morphological and biochemical effects of zinc sulfate in ethanol-induced liver injury. METHODS： Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ ; intact rats, group Ⅱ, control rats given only zinc, group ITl; animals given absolute ethanol, group Ⅳ; rats given zinc and absolute ethanol. Ethanol-induced injury was produced by the 1 mL of absolute ethanol, administrated by garage technique to each rat. Animals received 100 mg/kg per day zinc sulfate for 3 d 2 h prior to the administration of absolute ethanol. RESULTS： Increases in metallothionein immunoreactivity in control rats given only zinc and rats given zinc and ethanol were observed. PCNA immunohistochemistry showed that the number of PCNA-positive hepatocytes was increased significantly in the livers of rats administered ethanol ＋ zinc sulfate. Acute ethanol exposure caused degenerative morphological changes in the liver. Blood glutathione levels decreased, serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase activities increased in the ethanol group when compared to the control group. Liver glutathione levels were reduced, but lipid peroxidation increased in the livers of the group administered ethanol as compared to the other groups. Administration of zinc sulfate in the ethanol group caused a significant decrease in degenerative changes, lipid peroxidation, and alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase activities, but an increase in liver glutathione. CONCLUSION： Zinc sulfate has a protective effect on ethanol-induced liver injury. In addition, cell proliferation may be related to the increase in metallothionein immunoreactivity in the livers of rats administered ethanol ＋ zinc sulfate.

Evaluation of the Elements of Orality in O. K. Matsepe＇s Novel Lesitaphiri （Unsolved Problem）

Oral literature transcends from orality to scribality and then textuality due to technological innovation. This paper seeks to evaluate the value of the characteristics of orality as applied by Oliver Kgadime Matsepe in his novel Legitaphiri （Unsolved Problem） （2008）. This will be done by taking into account the significance of self and community in a developing and changing society. It is important to note that all cultures are born from orality. However, the changes that the self and community undergo have a strong impact on the communications models within the community. This is influenced by the self and community, as the writer expresses his/her views by means of language that is based on a particular community.

Effect of Copper, Zinc and Boron on Green Leaf Retention and Grain Yield of Winter and Spring Cereals

Crop nutrition has a significant effect on disease incidence, resistance or tolerance of various crops. There is currently a lack of reliable recent UK-based research about the effect of copper, zinc and boron on disease incidence, green leaf area （GLA）, green leaf retention （GLR） and grain yield of winter wheat, spring wheat and spring barley. Data analysis showed that these trace elements had positive effects on GLR. These positive effects may have been due to the role of copper, zinc and boron in the production of defence related compounds （phenolics and lignin）, which may have reduced the disease incidence resulting in prolonged GLR. Grain yield was significantly enhanced by the application of these trace elements on the crop grown on high pH calcareous soil, which can be partly attributed to enhanced GLR. Also trace elements have a positive role in reproductive growth, flowering and male fertility. On average, zinc was found to be the most consistent trace element in terms of enhancing GLR and grain yield. Across all trials, it was noted that for every 10% increase in GLA from trace elements, grain yields increased by 4.2% in 2012-2013, by 4.4% in 2013-2014 in winter wheat and by 3.9% in spring wheat in 2014. These are remarkably consistent and indicate that increasing GLA by 10% by early dough stage was associated with a yield improvement of about 4%. These trace elements also had a positive effect on grain protein content （GPC）. This research concluded that the trace elements had positive effects in enhancing GLA and yield. It can be speculated that with the use of these trace elements, there may be more scope for using less robust or reduced rates of fungicides to control foliar diseases, which may help to maximize farm profits.

Preparation of Waterborne Nanoscale Carbon Black Dispersion with Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Waterborne nanoscale carbon black dispersion （NCBD） was widely used in inkjet printing, spun.dyeing fibers and coloration fabrics. In this paper, NCBD was prepared using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC） as dispersant. Effects of CMC viscosity, ultrasonic time and oxidation with hydrogen peroxide on carbon black （CB） particle size were discussed. The results showed that CB particle size decreased by mechanical agitation while it Increased by ultrasonic with the increase of CMC viscosity. Uitrasonk is a more effective method to disperse CB particles than that of mechanical agitation. CB particle size lbviously decreased with itcreasing ultrasonic time and arrived at about 160 nm for 60min.In addition,oxidation with 2 mol/L of H2O2 and 0.2wt% of CMC300 reduced CB particle size to 160nm at 90℃ for 2.5h.

Study on the numerical simulation of batch sieving process

Screening was widely used in many sectors of industry. However, it is rather incomplete to the cognition of the sieving process for us due to the daedal separation process involving interactions of thousands of particulates. To address this problem, two dimensional numerical simulation of batch sieving process was performed by adopting advanced discrete element method （DEM）, which is one of the highly nonlinear digitized dynamic simulative methods and can be used to reveal the quantitative change from particle dimension level. DEM simulation results show that the jam phenomena of sieve-plate apertures of the ＂blinding particles＂ in the screen feed can be demonstrated vividly and results also reveal that the velocity of particle moving on the screen plate will vary along with the screen length. This conclusion will be helpful to the design and operation of screen.