The present work was undertaken in a cattle ranch of the north of Puebla state, Mexico. The aim was to incorporate Guazuma leaves （Guazuma ulmifolia） in the diet of growing calves and evaluate its effect on weight g...The present work was undertaken in a cattle ranch of the north of Puebla state, Mexico. The aim was to incorporate Guazuma leaves （Guazuma ulmifolia） in the diet of growing calves and evaluate its effect on weight gain. Twenty-four Cebu × Swiss calves （approximately live weight 250 kg） were used during all the experimental period （64 d）. They were assigned to a completely randomized design under two treatments （n = 12 for each treatment）： control （T1） consisted of commercial feed based on 15% crude protein （CP） ＋ cut Taiwan grass and the treatment （T2） consisted of a formulated diet containing 14.7% CP including Guazuma. The composition of the formulated diet consisted of： Guazuma （60%）, rolled corn （12%）, ground sorghum （9%）, oats in grain （7%）, wheat bran （9%） and vitamins and minerals. The feed was offered twice a day at a rate of 3% of live weight for 64 d. The mean daily gain for T1 and T2 was 1.15 g/animal and 1.52 g/animal, respectively （p 〈 0.05）. Results indicate that Guazuma-based supplements resulted in greater productive yield in growing calves.展开更多
Recently, small hydroelectric generators have gained attention as a further development in water turbine technology for ultra low head drops in open channels. The authors have evaluated the application of cross-flow w...Recently, small hydroelectric generators have gained attention as a further development in water turbine technology for ultra low head drops in open channels. The authors have evaluated the application of cross-flow water turbines in open channels as an undershot type after removing the casings and guide vanes to substantially simplify these water turbines. However, because undershot cross-flow water turbines are designed on the basis of cross-flow water turbine runners used in typical pipelines, it remains unclear whether the number of blades has an effect on the performance or flow fields. Thus, in this research, experiments and numerical analyses are employed to study the performance and flow fields of undershot cross-flow water turbines with varying number of blades. The findings show that the turbine output and torque are lower, the fluctuation is significantly higher, and the turbine efficiency is higher for runners with 8 blades as opposed to those with 24 blades.展开更多
文摘The present work was undertaken in a cattle ranch of the north of Puebla state, Mexico. The aim was to incorporate Guazuma leaves （Guazuma ulmifolia） in the diet of growing calves and evaluate its effect on weight gain. Twenty-four Cebu × Swiss calves （approximately live weight 250 kg） were used during all the experimental period （64 d）. They were assigned to a completely randomized design under two treatments （n = 12 for each treatment）： control （T1） consisted of commercial feed based on 15% crude protein （CP） ＋ cut Taiwan grass and the treatment （T2） consisted of a formulated diet containing 14.7% CP including Guazuma. The composition of the formulated diet consisted of： Guazuma （60%）, rolled corn （12%）, ground sorghum （9%）, oats in grain （7%）, wheat bran （9%） and vitamins and minerals. The feed was offered twice a day at a rate of 3% of live weight for 64 d. The mean daily gain for T1 and T2 was 1.15 g/animal and 1.52 g/animal, respectively （p 〈 0.05）. Results indicate that Guazuma-based supplements resulted in greater productive yield in growing calves.
文摘Recently, small hydroelectric generators have gained attention as a further development in water turbine technology for ultra low head drops in open channels. The authors have evaluated the application of cross-flow water turbines in open channels as an undershot type after removing the casings and guide vanes to substantially simplify these water turbines. However, because undershot cross-flow water turbines are designed on the basis of cross-flow water turbine runners used in typical pipelines, it remains unclear whether the number of blades has an effect on the performance or flow fields. Thus, in this research, experiments and numerical analyses are employed to study the performance and flow fields of undershot cross-flow water turbines with varying number of blades. The findings show that the turbine output and torque are lower, the fluctuation is significantly higher, and the turbine efficiency is higher for runners with 8 blades as opposed to those with 24 blades.
