2016—2020年北京市通州区病原学阴性肺结核流行特征及治疗转归分析

目的:了解北京市通州区病原学阴性肺结核流行特征及治疗转归特点,为通州区制订结核病防治策略提供参考。方法:从“中国结核病管理信息系统”中收集2016—2020年北京市通州区登记管理的肺结核患者(不包括耐药肺结核患者),按照定时统计方法进行分类统计,导出病原学阴性肺结核患者病案相关信息,运用描述性统计方法进行分析。结果:2016—2020年北京市通州区共登记3136例肺结核患者,其中病原学阴性肺结核患者1344例,占42.9%。病原学阴性肺结核登记率由2016年的21.6/10万(309/142.8万)下降至2020年的8.2/10万(150/184.0万),呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=95.828,P=0.000),男女性别比为1.9∶1,年龄以15~44岁中青年为主[67.4%(906/1344)];职业以家政家务及待业、干部职员和农民为主[分别占44.8%(602/1344)、12.8%(172/1344)和9.7%(131/1344)];患者来源以综合医院转诊为主[71.3%(958/1344)];非户籍患者占61.6%(828/1344),且来自河北[25.7%(213/828)]和黑龙江[11.0%(91/828)]的患者最多。所有患者均进行全程督导管理,总体治疗完成率为93.2%(1252/1344),且5年间均保持在90%以上,丢失34例(2.5%),死亡15例(1.1%),转入耐多药治疗1例(0.1%)。结论:2016—2020年通州区病原学阴性肺结核疫情呈整体下降趋势,15~44岁年龄组和家政家务及待业人员是病原学阴性肺结核高危人群,应针对该人群进行积极筛查,加强结核病防治工作。

Study of Signal Processing Algorithm in the Receiving End of Through-the-Earth Communications of Elastic Wave

In the research of elastic wave signal detection algorithm, a method based on adaptive wavelet analysis and segmentation threshold processing of the channel noise removal methods is suggested to overcome the effect of noise, which is prcduced by absorption loss, scattering loss, reflection loss and multi-path effect during the elastic wave in the transmission undelgroound. The method helps to realize extraction and recovery of weak signal of elastic wave from the multi-path channel, and simulation study is carded out about wavelet de-noising effects of the elastic wave and obtained satisfactory results.

Analysis on Main Traits of Spring Wheat Landraces in Tibet

In this study, 9 main traits of 774 spring wheat landraces in Tibet were investigated and analyzed. The results show that spring wheat landraces in Tibet have high plant height （with an average of 126.1 cm） and long growth period （with an average of 135.2 d）, with an average spike length of 9.5 cm, average effective tiller number per plant of 5.9, average spikelet number per spike of 19.9, average kernel number per spikelet of 3.5, average spikelet number per spike of 51.8, aver- age kernel weight per spike of 2.0 g, and average 1 000-grain weight of 38.1 g. Specifically, kernel number per spikelet of 2 landraces is larger than 6.0, spikelet number per spike of 2 landraces is larger than 100, kernel weight per spike of 2 landraces is larger than 4.0 g, 1 000-grain weight of 11 tandraces is larger than 50 g. There is abundant genetic diversity in those traits except in growth period, and the coefficient variation of 9 traits is in a decreasing order of effective tiller number per plant 〉 kernel weight per spike 〉 kernel number per spike 〉 spike length 〉 kernel number per spikelet 〉 1 000-grain weight 〉 plant height 〉 spikelet number per spike 〉 growth period. There is different relevance among different traits. Growth period is extremely significantly positively related to yield traits; grain number traits are extremely significantly positively relative to plant height and spike length, but ex- tremely significantly negatively relative to effective tiller number per plant; kernel number per spike is extremely significantly positively relative to kernel weight per spike, but extremely significantly negatively related to 1 000-grain weight; 1 000-grain weight is extremely significantly positively related to kernel weight per spike. Based on principal component analysis, these 9 traits could be included by 5 principal com- ponents （grain number, grain weight, spike length, tiller number and growth period）. According to the comprehensive evaluation values of these five principal components, 50 landraces including ZM019573, ZM019849, ZM019730, ZM018745, ZM019657, ZM019891, ZM020533, ZM018508, 7M019074 and ZM020026 have good performance.