铁路运维零小工程财务预算管理研究

本文围绕铁路运维零小工程财务预算管理展开研究,旨在提出改进财务预算管理的方法和措施,以提高预算管理的效率和效果。在介绍了铁路运维零小工程的定义和特点,强调了财务预算管理在其中的重要性之后,探讨了当前财务预算管理实践中存在的问题和挑战,包括对财务预算管理的重视程度不够、缺乏科学的预算管理方法和技术支持、管理人员的专业素质和能力有待提高以及缺乏有效的组织机制和协调机制等。针对这些问题,提出了加强预算编制的科学性和合理性、加强预算控制和监督、加强信息系统和技术支持以及加强组织机制和协调机制等改进措施。

针对单栋小工程岩土工程勘察的几点看法

介绍对单栋小工程岩土工程勘察提出建议。

小工程项目施工安全管理

小工程项目一般由小工程队或个体承包施工,施工过程,由于认为这些项目工程量小、工期短、施工较快,一般不会发生安全事故,所以不重视施工过程安全管理,但往往事与愿违。本文主要对小工程项目施工安全管理进行探究。

某城市燃气施工单位在劳务工实名制管理上的应用研究

随着国务院《保障农民工工资支付条例》的下发,对企业劳务用工实名制的管理提出了新的要求。燃气施工单位因其项目数量多但施工周期短、场地遍布在城市和农村各个角落、作业人员流动性大等特点,目前市场上的实名制管理工具无法适用,因此开发一套适用于燃气施工行业,简单易操作的实名制管理系统,解决劳务工备案、考勤、工资发放和安全教育等管理难题。为城市燃气施工单位劳务用工实名制管理提供了新工具,也为同类零散小工程劳务用工管理,解决农民工欠薪顽疾提供了借鉴意义。

“大科学工程”的语义结构分析

探讨了大科学的由来、特征和本质,指出其是知识生产方式的一次彻底性转变;考察了传统意义上的大科学工程,认为其反映了科学、技术、工程之间的全方位的一体化关系;从"大科学工程"的语义出发,将其分为两类:"大科学-大工程"和"大科学-小工程",同时还对"小科学-大工程"和"小科学-小工程"进行了阐述。

Image Analysis of Fabric Pilling Based on Light Projection

The objective assessment of fabric pilling based on light projection and image analysis has been exploited recently.The device for capturing the cross-sectional images of the pilled fabrics with light projection is elaborated.The detection of the profile line and integration of the sequential cross-sectional pilled image are discussed.The threshold based on Gaussian model is recommended for pill segmentation.The results show that the installed system is capable of eliminating the interference with pill information from the fabric color and pattern.

RandWPSO-LSSVM optimization feedback method for large underground cavern and its engineering applications

According to the characteristics of large underground caverns, by using the safety factor of surrounding rock mass point as the control standard of cavern stability, RandWPSO-LSSVM optimization feedback method and flow process of large underground cavern anchor parameters were established. By applying the optimization feedback method to actual project, the best anchor parameters of large surge shaft five-tunnel area underground cavern of the Nuozhadu hydropower station were obtained through optimization. The results show that the predicted effect of LSSVM prediction model obtained through RandWPSO optimization is good, reasonable and reliable. Combination of the best anchor parameters obtained is 114131312, that is, the locked anchor bar spacing is 1 m x 1 m, pre-stress is 100 kN, elevation 580.45-586.50 m section anchor bar diameter is 36.00 mm, length is 4.50 m, spacing is 1.5 m × 2.5 m; anchor bar diameter at the five-tunnel area side wall is 25.00 mm, length is 7.50 m, spacing is 1 m× 1.5 m, and the shotcrete thickness is 0.15 m. The feedback analyses show that the optimization feedback method of large underground cavern anchor parameters is reasonable and reliable, which has important guiding significance for ensuring the stability of large underground caverns and for saving project investment.

Finite element and experimental analysis of pinion bracket-assembly of three gorges project ship lift

The pinion bracket-assembly(PBA) is a major part of three gorges project(TGP) ship lift drive system. The static strength,fatigue strength and stress distribution of hinge pin of PBA were analyzed by ANSYS, and the structure of PBA was optimized. The results show that after the optimization, the maximum comprehensive stress is 259.59 MPa, the maximum fatigue cumulative damage of weld joints is 0.94 and the maximum vertical deformation of hinge pin is 0.14 mm. The elastic deformation, hydropneumatic spring cylinder(HSC) load response and the vibration characteristics of PBA were studied by the bearing test when PBA bore the load caused by different water level errors. The results indicate that when the water level of ship chamber ranges from 3.4 m to 3.6 m,the vertical elastic deformation of the pinion shaft is between-8.58 and 10.50 mm. When upward outage-load(1580 k N) is imposed by the test-rack, the vertical elastic deformation of the pinion shaft is 13.42 and 14.07 mm and HSC load response is 795.80-800.80 k N. In the process of imposing load on the pinion by the test-rack, the maximum vibration amplitude and acceleration of PBA internal components are 0.37° and 2.67 rad/s2, respectively; the maximum impact on the pin caused by vibration is 19.89 k N; the pinion shaft vertical displacement and HSC load response do not fluctuate. There is a great difference between the frequency of meshing force of the pinion and the rack(1.06 Hz) and first-order natural frequency of PBA(8.41 Hz), thus PBA will not resonate.From all above, PBA meets the static strength and fatigue strength requirements. The vibration of PBA internal components has no effect on the vertical displacement of the pinion shaft, HSC load response and smooth operation of PBA. There is a liner relationship in the ratio of 2:1 between the thrust imposed by the test-rack and HSC load, thus HSC can limit the load imposed on the pinion.

Modified Recursive Least Squares Algorithm with Variable Parameters and Resetting for Time-Varying System

Based on the idea of the set-membership identification, a modified recursive least squares algorithm with variable gain, variable forgetting factor and resetting is presented. The concept of the error tolerance level is proposed. The selection criteria of the error tolerance level are also given according to the min-max principle. The algorithm is particularly suitable for tracing time-varying systems and is similar in computational complexity to the standard recursive least squares algorithm. The superior performance of the algorithm is verified ma simulation studies on a dynamic fermentation process.

A novel system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cells

A new approach for transforming the cultured cells of wheat(Triticum aestivum L. cv. Ganmai 8) was developed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The features of the optimum procedure were: (a) both combined synthetic signal molecules and multiple natural extracts from susceptible plants were used to pretreat the primary vigorous Agrobacterium(PVA) cells for approximately 16 h; (b) the gyratory magnetic field condition was used during cocultivation; (c) the cocultivating period and selecting condition were modified; (d) the recipient cells were at exuberant metabolism and active division while infected with Agrobacterium. Both neomycin phosphotransferase and nopaline synthase assays demonstrated the expression of NPT II and NOS genes, located on the T-DNA segment of chimaeric plasmid pGV3850::1103neo, in transformed wheat cell colonies by adopting the techniques of dot blot, ndPAGE or high voltage paper electrophoresis. Integration of the foreign genes into wheat genome was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. Moreover, a relatively rational method was described for the estimation of transformation frequencies from cultured cell levels.

Development of Reaction Process with the Consideration of Environmental Impact Minimization

A methodology is presented to identify environmental impact minimization alternatives for reaction processes and assess their environmental performance. The potential environmental impact (PEI) scheme can be used to visibly display the transformation relationships among different types of PEI, identify the sources of environmental impacts, and propose alternatives for eliminating or minimizing the impacts. To evaluate the environmental performance of the alternatives effectively, some new indices, such as PEI input rate of non-products, PEI output rate of non-products per profit and the PEI conversion efficiency are proposed. Finally, the application of the methodology is illustrated using an industrial case study.

Jingrong Town:Rebirth of Entrepreneurship

WALKING on the streets of Jingrong Town in Chengdu,capital of Sichuan Province,bustling groups of people gather around the blocks of businesses there.This dense entrepreneurial climate sharply contrasts with the scene one year ago.Ghost Town Revitalized More than 2,000 years ago,Li Bing,chief of Shu Prefecture（roughly modern-day Sichuan）,and his son built a water conservancy project in Dujiangyan,a small city in Sichuan Province.

Adaptation of intestine-based microbial functions to bioethanol production

Animal intestine is a favorable habitat to microbes. It facilitates the evolution of dense and diversified microbial communities that are highly active and persistent throughout life span. Here, we stimulate this unique biosystem to develop high-efficient continuous bio-manufacturing processes. The pig small intestine was explored as a novel bioreactor with industrial Saccharornyces cerevisiae for biofuel production. Results showed that the small intestine was a beneficial material for cell adherence. The cells on the intestine exhibited the abilities of self- immobilization, self-duplication and self-repairing. Therefore the intestine-based S. cerevisiae could be continu- ously used for a long time at high metabolic activities. Both the fermentation speed and ethanol yield were im- proved. This study provides valuable insights into the functions of intestine-based biosystem and should inspire the development of bionic industrial processes. Future dissection of the interface mechanism and design of more bionic materials will make bioprocesses more economically favorable and environmentally sustainable.

New Method for 2D Image Edge-detection in Layer-layer 3D Testing System

A new method based on the material removal and cross-section optical scanning is investigated.The advantage of this method is that the internal and external information of the specimen can be obtained at same precision. In order to eliminate the pulse and Gaussian noise, the multi-scale dyadic wavelet methods are presented and discussed. The experimental results show that the multi-scale dyadic wavelet methods can successfully extract the features from noise image.The accuracy of 2D edge detection is 5.4 μm with the resolution of 2.7 μm.

Research on the Model of Linear Data Fitting Method

By using the method of least square linear fitting to analyze data do not exist errors under certain conditions, in order to make the linear data fitting method that can more accurately solve the relationship expression between the volume and quantity in scientific experiments and engineering practice, this article analyzed data error by commonly linear data fitting method, and proposed improved process of the least distance squ^re method based on least squares method. Finally, the paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages through the example analysis of two kinds of linear data fitting method, and given reasonable control conditions for its application.

Positive Psychology in Staff Motivation

Nowadays, China under the background of economic transition, the process of urbanization and industrialization is speeding up, people＇s living and working under increasing pressure. Meanwhile, due to various reasons, our enterprises have not yet fully out of the shadow of the economic crisis, the development of small and medium enterprises are facing various bottlenecks. In this study, incentive theory put forward a more systematic incentive policy from the perspective of positive psychology. On personal level, training employee＇s positive personality, inspiring their self-efficacy, providing multi-faceted training, all this can contribute to positive psychological capital. At the organizational level, by building a positive organizational culture and creating an organizational relationship full of love to contribute to good incentive effect.

The Impact of Innovation in Small Industrial Operations to Increased Competitiveness： Empirical Evidence

The present research work in the Small and Medium Enterprise （SME） and industrial sector explains the impact of the relationship among innovation in the SME operations of Aguascalientes to find the most competitive one; to this end, a questionnaire was intended for managers where the results have been analyzed using the statistical package Structural Equation Modeling Programs （EQS） support which through structural equations has responded to the objective. In this sense, it can be concluded that innovation has a positive relationship with the operations and in turn, this relationship shows a positive impact on the competitiveness of SMEs in Aguascalientes. For this study, a sample of 150 companies has been used.

Tissue engineered esophagus by copper——small intestinal submucosa graft for esophageal repair in a canine model

Acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa(SIS)has been used for esophagoplasty with success in a canine model.However,it did not lead to complete epithelialization.For better reconstruction,a cellular component is required.Moreover,promotion of angiogenesis with copper has been widely recognized by basic research as well as clinical studies.In this study,we have evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of combined Cu and SIS(SIS-Cu patch)for the esophageal repair using a canine model.Eighteen male beagle dogs were subjected to surgical resection to produce cervical esophageal defects(5 cm in length,180°in range).SIS with Cu(5 or 25μmol L 1copper)or without Cu was patched on the esophageal defects.Barium esophagram and histology exam were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy.As shown,the SIS-Cu graft promoted re-epithelialization,re-vascularization and muscular regeneration.SIS-Cu patch is more effective than SIS alone for esophageal repair,and the SIS+25μmol L 1Cu group demonstrated additional advantages over the SIS+5μmol L 1Cu.

A Complementary Engineering-Based Building Damage Estimation for Earthquakes in Catastrophe Modeling

Catastrophe modeling for earthquakes is conventionally designed as a probabilistic model to estimate the losses based on risk and vulnerability of a portfolio of exposures for a foreseeable set of events. This approach lacks a physical science of building damage that is linked to ground-shaking characteristics. A proposed engineeringbased building damage estimation model based on established theories of seismic wave propagation and structural resonance is presented to address some of these shortcomings. A damage factor is introduced to provide an indication of the relative extent of damage to buildings.Analysis based on the proposed methodology is carried out using data derived from four case studies: the 2011 Tohoku earthquake; the 2007 Bengkulu earthquake; the 2011 Christchurch earthquake; and the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake.Results show that the computed damage factors reasonably reflect the extent of actual damage to buildings that was observed in post-earthquake reconnaissance surveys. This indicates that the proposed damage simulation model has a promising future as a complementary assessment tool in building damage estimation in catastrophe modeling.

Multivariable wavelet finite element for flexible skew thin plate analysis

Flexible skew thin plate is widely used in mechanical engineering,architectural engineering and structural engineering.High-precision analysis is very important for structural design and improvement.In this paper,the multivariable wavelet finite element(MWFE)based on B-spline wavelet on the interval(BSWI)is constructed for flexible skew thin plate analysis.First,the finite element formulation is derived from multivariable generalized potential energy function.Then the generalized field variables are interpolated and calculated by BSWI.Different from the traditional wavelet finite element,the analysis precision can be improved because the generalized displacement and stress field variables are interpolated and calculated independently,the secondary calculation and the computational error are avoided.In order to verify the effectiveness of the constructed MWFE,several numerical examples are given in the end.