微叙事与小时间——高考交际语境类诗歌解读的新视角

交际语境类诗歌在高考诗歌文本的比重很大,无论思想意义、风格气度,还是文本内涵、艺术水准都能构成一个结构完整、逻辑自洽的叙事系统。在文本细读和叙事学理论的视域下,高考交际语境类诗歌的叙事特征呈现三个特点:叙事情感的密集与多元、叙事策略的消解与整合、叙事表达的编码与隐喻。高考交际语境类诗歌可以从微叙事和小时间的视角,通过细读局部、关注时序、回归整体等路径进行解读。从一个新的视角审视试题文本,有助于更好地挖掘高考诗歌鉴赏题的文本价值,寻找并激活古代诗歌固有的叙事传统,拓展、深化古代诗歌的艺术空间,为高考古代诗歌备考提供新的思路。

小时间尺度网络中断故障容错识别数学建模

提升小时间尺度网络物联链路利用率、保证网络中断故障时的正常通信,构建小时间尺度网络中断故障容错识别数学模型。识别小时间尺度网络链路中断故障,依据重构服务承载网模型并引入资源紧迫度,描述网络中资源重要程度,构建可重构服务承载网链路容错数学模型。模型通过链路恢复机制映射终端故障链路,在调整代价最小化的前提下,完成链路迁移,完成小时间尺度网络中断故障容错识别。测试结果表明:该模型应用后,网络连接过程中往返时间级增量变化较小,容错效果较好,长期运行成功率高于80%,有效完成节点映射和链路迁移,提升链路平均利用率,容错后网络在较低的能耗下实现数据包的正常传输。

精打细算,用好“小时间”

在英语教学中,大多数老师都重视一节课的前30分钟,他们知道,这是学生高效学习的时间。可是很多老师却不屑于小时间的利用,甚至认为短短几分钟,不足以产生教学效果。但事实上,小时间的安排是一堂课成功与否的关键所在。因此,笔者倡导利用好小时间,高效促进课堂教学。

OPTIMAL PERFORMANCE OF THERMOELECTRIC REFRIGERATION SYSTEM USING ENTROPY GENERATION MINIMIZATION METHOD

With the entropy generation minimization （EGM） method, the thermodynamical performance optimization in a thermoelectric refrigeration system is studied. The optimization is affected by the irreversibility of heat transfer caused by finite temperature differences, the heat leak between external heat reservoirs and the internal dissipation of working fluids. EGM is taken as an objective function for the optimization. The objective function and design parameters are obtained. Optimal performance curves are presented by thermal and electronic parameters. Effects of these parameters on general and optimal performances are investigated. Results are helpful in determining optimal design conditions in real thermoelectric refrigeration systems.

A Novel Clock Feedthrough Frequency Compensation for Fast-Settling of Folded-Cascode OTA

Based on the minimum settling time （MST） theory and step-response analysis of the second order system in active switched capacitor （SC） networks, a novel clock feedthrough frequency compensation （CFFC） method for a folded-cascode OTA is proposed. The damping factor r/is adjusted by using MOS capacitors to introduce clock feedthrough so that the OTA can obtain the MST state and thus achieve fast settling. Research results indicate that the settling time of the compensated OTA is reduced by 22.7% ;as the capacitor load varies from 0.5 to 2.5pF,the improved settling time increases approximately linearly from 3.62 to 4.46ns： for VGA application, fast settling can also be achieved by modifying the MOS capacitor value accordingly when the closed loop gain of the compensated OTA varies.

The Neglected Significance of Glomerular Density as a 5-year Progression Indicator for IgA Nephropathy

Objective To investigate whether glomerular density （GD） could be an independent prognostic factor for patients of IgA nephropathy with estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） of 30 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, or for patients with time-average proteinuria 〈 0.5 g/d. Methods A total of 173 patients with biopsy-confirmed IgA nephropathy diagnosed from January 2000 to December 2010 were included. All of these patients were followed up for more than 5 years. The endpoint was a 〉 30% of decline in eGFR from baseline after 5-year follow-up. The optimal cut-off value of GD was calculated by ROC curve. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis was used for survival analysis. Results A 30% of decline in eGFR occurred in 14.5% of all patients. The optimal diagnostic cut-off value of GD was 1.99/mm2 （AUC = 0.90, sensitivity = 84.0%, specificity = 81.8%） determined by ROC curve. The low GD group （GD 〈 1.99 per mm2） experienced a significant increase in renal endpoint for patients with eGFR of 30 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 （six patients in lower GD group, while one patient in the other group）. For patients with time-average proteinuria 〈 0.5 g/d, the lower GD group showed a higher eGFR decline from baseline （4.5±16.7 ml/min per 1.73 m2 vs. –8.1±21.4 ml/min per 1.73 m2, P = 0.038）; two patients in this group reached the endpoint, while no patients in the higher GD group did. Conclusion GD could be an independent prognostic factor for patients of IgA nephropathy with eGFR at 30 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 of body surface, particularly for those with time-averaged amount of urine protein less than 0.5 g per day.

Effects of Low Temperature on Freezing Injury of Various Winter Wheat Cultivars at Different Sowing Time

Freezing injury is one of the major disasters for the production of winter wheat in the North China Plain, which leads to a significant decrease of wheat yield. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of subfreezing temperature on freezing injury of various winter wheat cultivars at different sowing time. Three wheat cultivars, including Zhengmai 9023, Wanmai 48 and Wanmai 50, were sowed on 25 September and 5 October, respectively. Plant anatomy was applied to investi- gate the impact of subfreezing temperature on cells of three wheat cultivars, results showed that severe plasmolysis occurred in wheat sowed earlier suddenly encoun- tered subfreezing temperature without cold acclimation, compared with wheat sowed at proper sowing time. The degree of plasmolysis of different cultivars and tissues of wheat had significant differences and showed positive correlation with subfreezing temperature. Wanmai 50 had the highest cold resistance compared with Zhengmai 9023 and Wanmai 48, and there was no significant difference between Zhengmai 9023 and Wanmai 48. This study concluded that wheat cold resistance may be im- proved by adopting proper cultivars and sowing dates.

Effect of erythromycin on image quality and transit time of capsule endoscopy: A two-center study

AIM: To compare the effect of oral erythromycin vs no preparation with prokinetics on the transit time and the image quality of capsule endoscopy (CE) in evaluating small bowel (SB) pathology. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, blinded (to the type of preparation) review of 100 CE studies, 50 with no preparation with prokinetics from one medical center (Group A) and 50 from another center with administration of a single dose of 200 mg oral erythromycin 1 h prior to CE (Group B). Gastric, SB and total transit times were calculated, the presence of bile in the duodenum was scored, as was cleanliness within the proximal, middle and distal intestine. RESULTS: The erythromycin group had a slightly shorter gastric transit time (21 min vs 28 min, with no statistical significance). SB transit time was similar for both groups (all P > 0.05). Total transit time was almost identical in both groups. The rate of incomplete examination was 16% for Group A and 10% for Group B (P = 0.37). Bile and cleanliness scores in different parts of the intestine were similar for the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Preparation for capsule endoscopy with erythromycin does not affect SB or total transit time. It tends to reduce gastric transit time, but it does not increase the cecum-reaching rate. Erythromycin does not adversely affect image quality. We consider the routine use of oral erythromycin preparation as being unjustified, although it might be considered in patients with known prolonged gastric emptying time.

Diagnostic yield of small bowel capsule endoscopy depends on the small bowel transit time

AIM： To investigate whether the small bowel transit time （SBTT） influences the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy （CE）. METHODS： Six hundred and ninety-one consecutive CE procedures collected in a database were analyzed. SBTT and CE findings were recorded. A running mean for the SBl-I- was calculated and correlated to the diagnostic yield with a Spearman＇s correlation test. Subgroup anal- yses were performed for the various indications for the procedure. RESULTS： There was a positive correlation between the diagnostic yield and SBT1- （Spearman＇s rho 0.58, P 〈 0.01）. Positive correlations between diagnostic yield and SB-FI-were found for the indication obscure gastro- intestinal bleeding （r = 0.54, P 〈 0.01）, for polyposis and carcinoid combined （r = 0.56, P 〈 0.01） and for the other indications （r = 0.90, P 〈0.01）, but not for suspected Crohn＇s disease （r = -0.40） CONCLUSION： The diagnostic yield in small bowel capsule endoscopy is positively correlated with the small bowel transit time. This is true for all indications except for suspected Crohn＇s disease.

Decompression of the small bowel by endoscopic long-tube placement

AIM:To investigate and compare the decompression effect on small bowel obstruction of a long tube inserted using either endoscopic or fluoroscopic placement.METHODS:Seventy-eight patients with small bowel obstruction requiring decompression were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups.Intubation of a long tube was guided by fluoroscopy in one group and by endoscopy in the other.The duration of the procedure and the success rate for each group were evaluated.RESULTS:A statistically significant difference in the mean duration of the procedure was found between the fluoroscopic group(32.6±14.6 min)and the endoscopic group(16.5±7.8 min)among the cases classified as successful(P<0.05).The success rate was significantly different between the groups:88.6%in the fluoroscopic group and 100%in the endoscopic group(P <0.05).CONCLUSION:For patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction,long-tube decompression is recommended and long-tube insertion by endoscopy was superior to fluoroscopic placement.

Impact of remote ischemic preconditioning on wound healing in small bowel anastomoses

AIM： To investigate the influence of remote ischemic preconditioning （RIPC） on anastomotic integrity. METHODS： Sixty male Wistar rats were randomized to six groups. The control group （n = 10） had an end- to-end ileal anastomosis without RIPC. The preconditioned groups （n = 34） varied in time of ischemia and time of reperfusion. One group received the amino acid L-arginine before constructing the anastomosis （n = 9）. On postoperative day 4, the rats were re-laparotomized, and bursting pressure, hydroxyproline concentration, intra-abdominal adhesions, and a histological score concerning the mucosat ischemic injury were collected. The data are given as median （range）.RESULTS： On postoperative day 4, median bursting pressure was 124 mmHg （60-146 mmHg） in the control group. The experimental groups did not show a statistically significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. Regarding the hydroxyproline concentration, we did not find any significant variation in the experimental groups. We detected significantly less mucosal injury in the RIPC groups. Furthermore, we assessed more extensive intra-abdominal adhesions in the preconditioned groups than in the control group. CONCLUSION： RIPC directly before performing small bowel anastomosis does not affect anastomotic stability in the early period, as seen in ischemic preconditioning.

Effects of social isolation stress on immune response and survival time of mouse with liver cancer

AIM： To investigate the effects of isolation stress on mouse with liver cancer and possible associated mechanisms. METHODS： Transplantable murine hepatoma22 （H22） model was used to evaluate the effects of social isolation stress on murine liver cancer. Mice were immunized with sheep red blood cell （SRBC） and intraperitoneally inoculated with H22 cell, then divided into two groups, one reared individually as group （I） and the other reared in groups as group （G）. Titer of antibody to SRBC and interleukin 2 （IL-2） in serum was monitored. The survival time of mouse with liver cancer was observed. RESULTS： The titer of antibody to SRBC in group （G） was 1：24.5 and that in group （I） was 1：11.2. There was a significant difference between these two groups （t = 2.60, P = 0.02）. A significant difference in IL-2 concentration was observed between group （G） （39.6 ng/L） and group （I） （47.1 ng/L, t = 2.14, P = 0.046）. The survival time in group （G） （16.5 d） was markedly longer than that in group （I） （13.2 d, t = 3.46, P = 0.002）. CONCLUSION： Our study suggests that survival time of the mouse bearing H22 tumor is affected by the social isolation stress and the associated mechanism may be the immunological changes under the social isolation stress.

Wavelet Transform of Velocity-Time Data for the Analysis of Turbulent Structures in a Trayed Bubble Column

Hydrodynamic and turbulent structures in the trayed bubble column with 1.2 m inner diameter have been characterized from liquid-phase velocity-time series data obtained by the hot-film anemometer. Wavelet transform analysis was used for denoising the measured data and also for evaluating quantifiers of turbulence, viz., local intermittency measure, intermittency index and flatness factor. These quantifiers help in detecting the passage of bubbles and reveal the hidden structures and patterns in data. Also, the wavelet scalewise analysis of the turbulence at various locations in the column and under different operating conditions could be used to build a direct relationship between the local gas holdup and flatness factor. The methodology is therefore suitable for online evaluation of the trayed bubble column performance and shows promise for developing strategies for improving process performance.

Lie Group Classifications and Non-differentiable Solutions for Time-Fractional Burgers Equation

Lie group method provides an efficient tool to solve nonlinear partial differential equations. This paper suggests Lie group method for fractional partial differential equations. A time-fractional Burgers equation is used as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the Lie group method and some classes of exact solutions are obtained.

Implications of small-bowel transit time in the detection rate of capsule endoscopy: A multivariable multicenter study of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

AIMTo define the role of small-bowel transit time in the detection rate of significant small-bowel lesions.METHODSSmall-bowel capsule endoscopy records, prospectively collected from 30 participating centers in the Lombardy Registry from October 2011 to December 2013, were included in the study if the clinical indication was obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and the capsule reached the cecum. Based on capsule findings, we created two groups: P2 (significant findings) and P0-1 (normal/negligible findings). Groups were compared for age, gender, small-bowel transit time, type of instrument, modality of capsule performance (outpatients vs inpatients), bowel cleanliness, and center volume.RESULTSWe retrieved and scrutinized 1,433 out of 2,295 capsule endoscopy records (62.4%) fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Patients were 67 &#x000b1; 15 years old, and 815 (57%) were males. In comparison with patients in the P0-1 group, those in the P2 group (n = 776, 54%) were older (P &#x0003c; 0.0001), had a longer small-bowel transit time (P = 0.0015), and were more frequently examined in low-volume centers (P &#x0003c; 0.001). Age and small-bowel transit time were correlated (P &#x0003c; 0.001), with age as the sole independent predictor on multivariable analysis. Findings of the P2 group were artero-venous malformations (54.5%), inflammatory (23.6%) and protruding (10.4%) lesions, and luminal blood (11.5%).CONCLUSIONIn this selected, prospectively collected cohort of small-bowel capsule endoscopy performed for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, a longer small-bowel transit time was associated with a higher detection rate of significant lesions, along with age and a low center volume, with age serving as an independent predictor.

Study on Coagulation Activity of Callicarpa nudiflora

[Objective] This study aimed to study the coagulation effect of Callicarpa nudiflora. [Method] The effects of CaUtcarpa nudiflora on blood coagulation system of mice were investigated by measuring prothmmbin time （PT）, thrombin time（TT）, activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and plasma fibrinogen （FIB）, [Result] Compared with the control group, the crude extracts and ：eluted parts of Ca#/carpa nudiflora all significantly shortened PT, APTT and TT, and increased the content of FIB in mice, [Coadadon] The crude extracts and eluted parts of Callicarpa nudiflora have a coagulation-promoting effect through affecting several links of the coagulation process in mice,

Antithrombotic Effects of BM-13505,a ThromboxaneReceptor Antagonist

BM-13 505 is a new type of thromboxane receptor antagonist developed firstabfoad and synthesized in our school.wita modife method recently。The resultS of our study showed that the occlusion time of carotid artery in experimental thrombosis rats was prolonged by BM-13505,0.45 and 0.23 mglkg iv fP<0.00 1 and <0.01 respectively).B·13505 2 mgjkg iv ef fectively prevented the cerebral thrombosis caused by AA 4 mg/kg in rats(P<0.01) BM-13505 10 mg/kg ip prevented the AA-induced pulmonary thrombosis in mice(P<0.01).Tail bleeding time of mice was prolonged by this dru.BM-13505 significantly inhibited the AA-induced rabbit platelet aggregation,with an IC￣(50) of0.17 μmol/L; ADp-and collagen-induced aggregations were not affected.TXB_2 level in platelets and that in mice plasma were decreased by BM-13505,but cAMP level inplatelets was not affected. BM-13505 may be possibly developed into a useful anti-platelet and anti-thromboti c drug。

Selective transmission and channel estimation in massive MIMO systems

Massive MIMO systems have got extraordinary spectral efficiency using a large number of base station antennas,but it is in the challenge of pilot contamination using the aligned pilots.To address this issue,a selective transmission is proposed using time-shifted pilots with cell grouping,where the strong interfering users in downlink transmission cells are temporally stopped during the pilots transmission in uplink cells.Based on the spatial characteristics of physical channel models,the strong interfering users are selected to minimize the inter-cell interference and the cell grouping is designed to have less temporally stopped users within a smaller area.Furthermore,a Kalman estimator is proposed to reduce the unexpected effect of residual interferences in channel estimation,which exploits both the spatial-time correlation of channels and the share of the interference information.The numerical results show that our scheme significantly improves the channel estimation accuracy and the data rates.

Effect of Transport Time and Handling on Physiological Responses of Cattle

The objective of this work was to determine the effect of transport time （up to 11 hours） on animal welfare. 540 animals （cows, bulls and calves）, three transport times of 2, 4 to 6, and 10 to 11 hours, and two space allowances （2 m2 and 1.5 m2 per animal for cows and bulls; and 1.2 m2 and 0.8 m2 per animal for calves） were used for the experiment during transport from farms to the abattoir in Uppsala, Sweden. Measurements were made on five animals on each trip. Stress response parameters considered were cortisol, glucose, lactate, creatine kinase and heart rate. Blood samples were taken before and after transport. Heart rate sensors were mounted on the animals at least 30 minutes before loading and measurements were made continuously from farms to the abattoirs until stunning. The results of heart rate measurement indicated that loading, un-loading and forced movement in the stunning box were the most stressful events. However, the results of statistical analysis confirmed that transport time doesn＇t have significant effect （P 〈 0.05） on heart rate. Concentration level of cortisol increased by 10 folds during short transport. However, cortisol concentration decreased with an increase of transport times （P 〈 0.01）. Glucose concentrations increased with transport time in all animal categories （P ≤ 0.01）. Transport time has significant effect on concentration levels of glucose （P ≤ 0.01）, creatine kinase （P 〈 0.001） and lactate （P 〈 0.01） particularly after 6 hours journey time.

Ellagic Acid-induced Hypercoagulable State in Animals:a Potentially Useful Animal Hypercoagulable Model for Evaluation of Anticoagulants

Objective To establish and evaluate a hypercoagulable animal model for the assessment of anticoagulants. Methods Forty mice, thirty-two rats, and twenty-four rabbits were randomly and equally divided into control group (saline) and three ellagic acid (EA)-treated groups (low, middle, and high doses). In the mice, bleeding time (BT) was estimated with tail transaction, and clotting time (CT) with template method. Prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in rats and rabbits were measured by means of Quick's one-stage assay and modified APTT assay respectively. In addition, thrombin activity was estimated in rats with PT assay using a hemagglutination analyzer. The circulating platelet aggregates were de- tected in rabbits through platelet counting and presented as the circulating platelet aggregate ratio (CPAR). Results EA shortened BT and CT in mice, PT and APTT in rats, and increased thrombin activity and CPAR, all in a dose-dependent manner. EA also brought reduction of PT and APTT in rabbits in dose- and time-dependent manners. Conclusion EA could induce hypercoagulable state through activating coagulation system and platelets in mice, rats, and rabbits.