我愿呵护生梦的小芽

至少,我们可以让自己的课堂、自己的教室润泽起来,营造一个又一个‘局部的春天’。＂王老师,小雨一个人玩3个脚球,你看。＂小雨的弟弟小新呼呼跑来向我报告。顺着他手指着的方向,我看到小雨的右脚上正欢乐地旋转着3个脚球,他的小胸脯骄傲地挺着,眼中有光。＂王老师,赵老师（班主任）规定每个小朋友最多只能玩一个。＂小珍也凑了上来。

Control Efficacy and Antifungal Mechanism of Bacillus Cereus Strain JK14 against Wheat Take-all Disease

[Objective] Study on control efficacy and inhibitory effect of Bacillus cereus strain JK14^·against wheat take-all disease, investigating its antifungal mechanism. [Method] B. cereus JK14^· was isolated from soil in the rhizosphere of wheat, inhibitory effects of whose nutrient solution form against Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici strains 9862 and 9812 were measured in laboratory and then for its antifungal mechanism. The strain JK14^· with rifampicin and wheat take-all disease resistance was screened by increasing concentration of the two substrates, and colonization of JK14^·was studied. [Result] In pot experiment, the control effects of JK14^·, against 9862 and 9812 are 63% and 59%, respectively, which are higher than that of chemical fungicides, with 55% and 51% , respectively. JK14^· could deform mycelium and causes degradation of cell wall. And there are also dynamic change of JK14^· in root system. JK14^· on seed could extend to root along with seed germination and rooting, but per unit tissue mycelium number decreased gradually. [Conclusion] The results indicate some control efficacy of B. cereus strain JK14^· against wheat take-all disease.

中原地区马铃薯脱毒移栽时间对微型薯的影响

秋季利用网棚结合覆盖大棚膜 ,于 9月 15日、 9月 2 8日、 10月 10日、 10月 19日、 11月 1日分 5个时间进行移栽 ,研究移栽时间对马铃薯脱毒微型薯的影响。结果显示 :随着移栽时间的延迟 ,各处理的单株微型薯产量和单株微型薯粒数均呈极显著降低的趋势。在各级微型薯的重量百分比上 9月 15日和 9月 2 8日两个时间移栽没有差别 ,9月 2 8日后 ,随时间的后移 ,大薯率呈极显著降低 ,小芽率升高。 10月 19日后大薯率为 0 ,11月 1日中薯率为 0。前 4个处理间微型薯中薯率均没有差异。

Influences of UV-C Irradiation on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Winter Wheat

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influences of UV-C irradiation on seed germination and seedling growth of winter wheat. [Method] Winter wheat cul- tivar Liaoda 02 was selected as the experimental material and irradiated with UV-C for 1 h,to compare the dynamic changes of seed germination rate under different treatment time and the changes of gibberellin （GA） content and a-amylase activity during the germination process after UV-C irradiation. Wheat seeds irradiated with UV-C for 1 h were sown, the emergence number, growth speed, fluorescence param- eter, reflectance spectrum, relative conductivity and other related physiological indica- tors of seedlings were determined. [Result] The results showed that the germination rate of dry and wet winter wheat seeds irradiated with UV-C for 1 h was improved, compared with the untreated seeds. After soaked for 6, 8, 10 and 12 h, dry seeds irradiated with UV-C for 1 h showed higher GA content and higher a-amylase activity than the control. In addition, UV-C-irradiated dry seeds also showed faster emergence speed and plant growth speed within the first six days after emergence and greater plant height than the control. The flavonoid content in leaves of the treatment group was also increased compared with the control, while the maximal photochemical effi- ciency （Fv/Fm）, photo-chemical reflectance index （PRI）, chlorophyll and carotenoid content were rarely influenced. In conclusion, UV-C irradiation could improve the ger- mination rate of dry seeds and wet seeds soaked for a certain time, especially for wet seeds soaked for 1 h. Furthermore, UV-C-irradiated seeds showed improved ger- mination speed and plant growth. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for ex- ploring the effect mechanism of ultraviolet rays on seed generation.

Effect of Copper and Zinc on Accumulation of Vitamin E in Wheat Embryo-derived Callus

[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of the content of copper and zinc on in medium the vitamin E accumulation in wheat embryo-dreived callus.[Method] The mathematical models were established to describe the growth kinetics and the vitamin E accumulation in wheat embryo callus cells.With the aim of getting the highest accumulation of the secondary metabolite Vitamin E,the optimal combination of copper and zinc in medium was confirmed by testing.[Result] The results showed that the production of vitamin E in B5 medium reached the highest value with 2.0 mg/mL ZnSO4·7H2O and 0.1 mg/mL CuSO4·5H2O.The fitting degrees of kinetic models of vitamin E accumulation and cell growth were 97.53% and 95.60%,respectively,which indicated good nonlinear relationships.[Conclusion] Both copper and zinc could affect the accumulation of vitamin E in wheat germ callus,and Copper showed more prominent effect than Zn.Synergism existed in low copper and zinc concentration,and the inhibitive effect enhanced with the increase of the concentrations.

银杏嫁接育苗技术

为了改变过去银杏实生繁殖结果迟的习性,笔者于1994年秋采用蛟洋乡华家村千年古银杏种子繁殖砧木,出苗率达86％。1995年秋进行小芽腹接,成活率达92％。现将嫁接育苗技术介绍如下。

我的小苗(木刻)

作者周昌成1962年毕业于江津地区艺术师范学校,后参军。退伍后在一家机械厂作电工、放映员,兼做一些美术宣传工作。作者常作业于农村野地、工厂家属区。他爱孩子们,经常观察他们,速写本上最多的是孩子们的形象。 春天,看见孩子们认真地栽种从各处找来的小芽小苗,觉得很有趣。他问一个小姑娘:“你种的什么苗呀?”“我也不知道,反正它会长大,长得好高好高。”

母亲是青少年良好习惯的保姆

一日,去友人家串门儿。大家正在闲聊,友人的儿子归来,低头嗫嚅道:“妈,我语文不,不及格,要家长填字。”“不及格还填个屁字！”友人之妻骂着接过试卷,撕碎,扔在地上,“你个猪,还不滚！”“语文还要听写。”儿子流着泪惴惴地说。“说你是猪,你真成猪了！没看见大人在说话吗?”“你——就会瞎聊,一点也不关心我的学习。”“你妈个×,你个小芽芽,还管起娘老子来了！”“啪！”儿子屁股上挨了一巴掌……

女孩青春萌发的第一信号——乳房发育

女孩嘉嘉今年9岁。一天洗澡时,她偶然发现乳房部位有个小硬块,象个芽胞,触摸上去还有些胀痛呢!这下可急坏了嘉嘉的妈妈。妈妈马上带嘉嘉去医院,并向医师提出一连串问题:女孩乳房的小硬块是炎症还是肿瘤?如果说是发育,是否属于早熟?是否会影响孩子的身高?遇到这种情况,家长应该怎么办?……其实,像嘉嘉这种情况的孩子,我们在门诊常可遇到,她妈妈的问题,也正是许多父母关心的问题。我们就借此机会向读者作一简要的解答。“小芽胞”是怎么回事一般来说,一定年龄的女孩乳房出现“小芽胞”样的硬块绝不是“发炎”或“肿瘤”,而是女性青春发育的最初信号。“小芽胞”约钱币大小,微微隆起,并有触痛。

The Technology Research of Anti-oxidation Peptide Preparation by Alkaline Protease Hydrolyzing Wheat Germ Meal

Wheat germ meal is the by production of oil extracting, and a great quantity of it has been wasted, thus the quantity of lost protein is great. In order to use wheat germ meal proteins adequately, wheat germ proteins were hydrolyzed to anti-oxidation peptides by using alkaline protease. Through the single factor analysis and regression analysis, the optimized experiment conditions of hydrolysising wheat germ meal to wheat germ peptides were enzymatic quantity 0.8%（w/w）, material to liquid ratio 1∶12.3, enzymolysis time 2.1 h. Under these conditions, the scavenging effect was 49.78%,the DH was 22% and peptides content in enzymatic hydrolysate was 1.9%（w/w）.By SDS-PAGE electrophoresis,the molecular weight range of wheat germ peptides were below 10 ku and most were between 4.54 and 5.63 ku.The wheat germ proteins could be used ful y and grain resources would be saved.

他们占用良田是否合法?

编辑同志 : 我家有 667平方米 (1亩 )的良田被别人建房占用了,建房者是队长、会计的亲戚.当初我不同意,可队长、会计说村小组有权收回这块地给外地迁来的人建房,并要我在转让土地协议书上签了字.请问他们这样做是不是合法 ? 练小芽练小芽同志 :

放手让学生“播种耕耘”——我教《种子萌发》

对学生观察、实验的指导要适度,如果指导过于具体,先观察什么,后观察什么,照老师说的做,结论不会错,学生就不用动脑筋思考了。 我教《种子萌发》一课时,告诉学生自选种子,自己设计条件,做种子萌发的实验,要求作好观察记录。交待完了,学生们积极性非常高,有的用玉米、花生种子,有的用各种豆类种子。放置的位置也有各种打算,有的放在阳台上、窗台上、冰箱里,有的放在教室里、向阳的地方、背阴的地方等等。为了掌握第一手资料,我也在教室里放置了几样种子。

高高的丝瓜架

刚下过雨。园园的妈妈在家门前的小花池里种丝瓜。 园园看见了,跑过来问:“妈妈,你种它于什么呀?” 妈妈说:“等它长大了,妈妈给它搭上高高的架子,它就能爬上房顶。

Cymolomia hartigiana (Saxesen,1840)(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) at-tacking to Abies nephrolepis Max. New to Daxing'anling,Heilongji-ang,China

An Olethreutine speciesCymolomia hartigiana (Saxesen, 1840), attacking toAbies nephrolepis Max., is reported for the first time from Daxing'anling, Heilongjiang, China. The morphological characteristics are briefly re-described with illustrations. Also its damage and biology are noted. Key words Systematics - Lepidoptera - Tortricidae - Cymolomia - Daxing'anling - China CLC number Q969.429.2 - S763.3 Document code A Foundation item: This study was carried out under the financial support by KOSEF (Korea Science & Engineering Foundation) with the program of “Korea and China Young Scientist Exchange Program” (2002–2003).Biography: *BYUN Bong-Kya (1963-), male, Ph.D., Researcher in Korea National Arboretum, Korea.Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai

Arg-X Protease-Sensitive in Supramolecular Structures of Interphase Cell Nucleus during Growth Morphogenesis Mature Germs of Wheat

Abstract： In the present study was investigated Arg-X protease-sensitive in supramolecular-genome compartments （nucleoplasm, chromatin, nuclear matrix）, during the period of the transcriptional activation of chromatin when the growth processes was initiated in the mature germs of winter and transformed from it spring wheat. The germs have been separated from endosperm from 0 h （air-dry seed） up to 21 h in each 3 h after the start of seeds soaking. Cell nucleus have been allocated from germs and cleared, and then from them supramolecular-genome compartments were extracted by increasing ionic strength of solution. The Arg-X （tryptase） activity was assessed by cleavage of Arg-X bonds in the arginine-enriched protein protamine in all nuclear fractions. In the present study have shown what Arg-X protease-sensitives zones can be located on the supramolecular structures of chromatin matrix in processes of realization of ontogenetic programs of development in mature germs of the winter and transformed from it spring wheat. Arg-X protease-sensitive can translocate and coordinated in heteropolymer structures on the same genetic matrix. Questions of epigenetic mechanisms are discussed.

Producing Arabic Bread Enriched with Minerals and Protein

This research aims to produce Arabic bread enriched with iron, zinc, copper, magnesium and protein by the addition of ingredients such as parsley powder, oats, grape seeds, soybean meal, wheat germ, and milk powder. In this study, for enriched bread samples sensory evaluation, chemical and mineral composition determination and microbiological tests were carried out. The sensory evaluation of breads showed that both mixtures, which were enriched with grape seeds, oats, and wheat germs, have excellent quality. The chemical tests showed that the enriched breads have high fat, ash, fiber, and protein when compared with normal Arabic bread. It was noticed that the consumption of three enriched Arabic bread loaves gives us about 78.9% from our daily need of zinc, whereas the unenriched bread gives us only 48.8%, about 82.2% from our daily needs of copper, whereas the normal bread gives us only 58.8%, and 93.9% from our daily need of iron, whereas the normal bread gives us only 71.2%.

Embryology of Maldives Clownfish, Amphiprion nigripes (Amphiprioninae)

This study investigated the embryonic development of Maldives clownfish Amphiprion nigripes under natural conditions (28 - 30℃) at a lagoon of Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. The newly deposited fish egg was capsule-shaped and orange-red, with a (0.73 ± 0.04) mm3 yolk containing 5 - 10 fat globules. The embryonic development of fertilized eggs was divided into 26 stages and the time elapsing for each stage was recorded. Results showed that the cleavage was rapid, with the first division observed 1 h 20 min after fertilization. Blastulation occurred 4 h later, followed by gastrulation 12 h after fertilization, with a yolk volume of (0.61 ± 0.06) mm3. The organogenesis process started 22 h after fertilization when the blastopores closed and notochord formation began. The embryonic stage was recorded 24 h later, with the appearance of forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, melanophores on yolk-sac and 22 somites, and a decreased yolk volume of (0.54 ± 0.08) mm3. Other organs developed well 31 h after fertilization, whereas the heart started beating and blood circulation began 78 h later. Red pigmentation (erytrophores) appeared 96 h after fertilization, with a small yolk volume of (0.22 ± 0.02) mm3. Mouth developed well and eyes were noticeable 120 h later, with head, pectoral fin and tail frequently moving 144 h after fertilization. The embryo reached the pre-hatching stage 168 h later and started to hatch after 170 - 180 h incubation. This study first detailed the embryonic development and yolk absorption of A. nigripes under natural conditions.

Dynamic change of xylanase activity and gene expression during wheat germination on As（III） stress

Through water cultivating method, the dynamic changes of xylanase activity in seed, root and plumule of wheat with different As （III） concentration treatment were studied. The results indicated that the order of average xylanase activity was seed〉plumule〉root. With the increasing concentration of As （III）, the xylanase activity elevated first then dropped in seed, but it descended first then ascended in root and plumule. As the sampling time prolonged, the xylanase activity of seeds climbed first then dropped on the four as （III） concentration, the same trend also appeared in pulume, as the as （Ill） concentration went up, the xylanase activity moved up simultaneity. Semi-quantity Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction was used in the study, the results indicated that, the xylanase gene began to express at 132 h on 0 mg/L As （III） concentration and at 120h on other concentration in the leaves of wheat.