牛磺熊去氧胆酸对热应激小鼠抗氧化机能的影响

本试验在建立小鼠急性热应激(35℃,24 h)模型的基础上,在饮水中添加不同剂量的牛磺熊去氧胆酸(Tauroursodeoxycholic acid,TUDCA),研究其对热应激小鼠抗氧化机能的影响。试验选取4周龄(18±1 g)雄性昆明小鼠96只,随机分为四组(对照组和低、中、高剂量处理组),在每100 ml饮水中分别添加0 mg、2 mg、20 mg和200 mg的TUDCA。

接骨木叶总皂苷的提取工艺优化及小鼠体内抗氧化活性研究

目的:优化接骨木叶总皂苷的提取工艺,探讨其在小鼠体内抗氧化活性。方法:采用乙醇回流方法制备接骨木叶总皂苷,运用正交法优化提取工艺;将小鼠随机分成模型组、VC组和高、中、低剂量实验组,采用白酒灌胃的方法建立小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型,并给予小鼠接骨木叶总皂苷进行治疗。检测小鼠血清及肝脏组织中丙二醇(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力。结果:当乙醇浓度为70%,提取温度80℃,提取时间为1h,料液比为1∶70g/mL时接骨木叶总皂苷得率最大达1.63%;接骨木叶总皂苷中、高剂量组血清中的MDA浓度低于模型组(P<0.05),SOD、GSH活力高于模型组(P<0.01)。小鼠肝脏组织中、高剂量组MDA浓度低于模型组(P<0.05),SOD、GSH活力高于模型组(P<0.01)。结论:接骨木叶总皂苷可以减轻机体的氧化损伤,对酒精所致的急性肝损伤小鼠具有一定治疗作用。

柚皮苷对H2O2处理小鼠前成骨细胞MC3T3-E1骨形成的影响

目的 :研究柚皮苷对体外培养过氧化氢(H_2O_2)处理的小鼠前成骨细胞MC3T3-E1骨形成的作用及抗氧化机制。方法:在体外培养的MC3T3-E1s细胞培养基中分别加入不同浓度(0.01 mmol·L-1、0.02 mmol·L-1、0.04 mmol·L-1)的柚皮苷作用48 h,接着加入0.5 mmol·L-1H_2O_2作用4 h,采用CCK-8法检测柚皮苷对成骨细胞活力的影响;采用碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、细胞丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)试剂盒检测MC3T3-E1成骨细胞内ALP、SOD活性和MDA、GSH含量及细胞上清LDH活性;用茜素红S染色法检测矿化结节数目;用Real time RT-PCR的方法检测成骨细胞内I型胶原(COL-I)、骨钙素(OCN)、转录因子Osterix和骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)m RNA表达。结果:柚皮苷可增加H_2O_2损伤后MC3T3-E1细胞ALP活力(P<0.05,P<0.01)和矿化结节数目(P<0.05,P<0.01),促进骨形成相关指标COL-I、Osterix、BMP-2和OCN m RNA表达(P<0.01);柚皮苷提高H_2O_2损伤后MC3T3-E1细胞活力(P<0.05,P<0.01),上调细胞内SOD活性和GSH含量并降低细胞中MDA含量和上清中LDH活性(P<0.01)。结论:一定浓度(0.01,0.02,0.04 mmol·L-1)的柚皮苷可以促进H_2O_2处理后MC3T3-E1细胞的骨形成,这种促进作用可能是通过降低氧化应激发挥抗氧化作用实现的。

Exercise training and antioxidant supplementation independently improve cognitive function in adult male and female GFAP-APOE mice

Purpose： The purpose of this study was to determine if antioxidant supplementation, moderate exercise, and the combination of both treatments could ameliorate cognitive performance in adult mice and whether the apolipoprotein E （APOE） genotype as well as sex could influence the functional outcomes of the treatments. Methods： For a period of 16 weeks, separate groups of male and female mice expressing either the human APOE3 or APOE4 isoforms were fed either a control diet （NIH-31） or the control diet supplemented with vitamins E and C （1.12 IU/g diet a-tocopheryl acetate and 1.65 mg/g ascorbic acid）. The mice were further separated into a sedentary group or a group that followed a daily exercise regimen. After 8 weeks on the treatments, the mice were administered a battery of functional tests including tests to measure cognitive and affective function. Results： There was no effect of genotype or treatment on the learning performance in the Morris water maze. In the discriminated avoidance task, APOE4 mice performed better in learning the discrimination component of the task. Overall, exercise improved performance of APOE4 and APOE3 mice on various aspects of the active avoidance task. Antioxidant supplementation improved performance only in the APOE4 mice. On the test for anxiety, APOE4 mice spent more time in the open arms and supplementation with antioxidant reversed that effect. Conclusion： Exercise was the most effective treatment at improving cognitive function in both genotypes and sex, while antioxidants seemed to be effective only in the APOE4. In young adult mice only non-spatial learning and memory were improved. The combination of the two treatments did not yield further improvement in cognition, and there was no antagonistic action of the antioxidant supplementation on the beneficial effects of exercise.

Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)reverses renal injury induced by myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the protection of Danshen{Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)(SM) injection in myocardial infarction(Ml) induced renal damage.METHODS:Forty male C57 mice were divided into control group,Ml group and SM group.In Ml group,the left coronary artery was occluded for 8weeks;the same procedure was used for the SM group,with the additional step of SM(0.2 mL) administered intraperitoneally for 56 days.Before surgery and 8 weeks later,transthoracic echocardiography was performed and urine protein and albumin was measured.At the end of the time,all mice were killed and kidneys removed for reactive oxygen species(ROS) and fibrosis analysis,plasma was collected for blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine determination.RESULTS:Ml slightly decreased renal function and increased production of ROS,accompanied with renal fibrosis.Administration of SM reduced production of ROS and increased renal function,it also reduced renal fibrosis.CONCLUSION:Ml plays a causal role in renal injury and SM exerts renal-protective effects,probably by its antioxidant activities.

Effect of Zibushenjing Fang on skeletal development and brain tissue antioxidation in mice with kidney essence insufficiency: a mechanistic study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Zibushenjing Fang (formula for tonifying the kidney essence) on skeletal development and brain tissue antioxidation in mice with kidney essence insufficiency. METHODS: Fifty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal group, model group, Jinkuishenqi Wan group, Zibushenjing Fang high dose group, and Zibushenjing Fang low dose group, with 10 mice in each group. The model of kidney essence insufficiency syndrome was established in all the mice except the normal group by using a cat to threaten the mice and by swimming until exhaustion daily which lasted about 21 days. Mice in the model group were administered 20 mL/ kg -1 · d -1 of normal saline intragastrically. The Jinkuishenqi Wan group was given 2.7 g/kg-1 · d-1 ofa solution of Jinkuishenqi Wan. The Zibushenjing Fang high dose group was given 20 g/kg -1 · d -1 and the Zibushenjing Fang low dose group was given 10 g/kg -1 · d -1 of a solution of Zibushenjing Fang.The general condition of all the groups was observed, including the quantity of food and water intake, swimming time, length of femur, and weight of the femur and musculus quadriceps femoris. The total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxi- dase (GSH-Px), and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) activities in the brain tissues were detected. RESULTS: Zibushenjing Fang could improve the manifestation of kidney essence insufficiency, increase the quantity of food and water intake, swimming time, femur length, and femur and musculus quadriceps femoris weight. It could also regulate the activities of T-SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA in brain tissue. CONCLUSION: Zibushenjing Fang may play an important role in treating kidney essence insufficiency syndrome by promoting body development and improving brain tissue antioxidation.