Over the past few decades, extreme changes have occurred in the characters of exploited fish populations. The majority of these changes have affected the growth traits of fish life history, which include a smaller siz...Over the past few decades, extreme changes have occurred in the characters of exploited fish populations. The majority of these changes have affected the growth traits of fish life history, which include a smaller size-at-age, an earlier age-at-maturation and among others. Currently, the causes of these life history traits changes still require systematic analyses and empirical studies. The explanations that have been cited are merely expressed in terms of fish phenotypic adaptation. It has been claimed that the original traits of fish can be recovered once the intensity of exploitation of the fish is controlled. Sustained environmental and fishing pressure will change the life history traits of most fish species, so the fish individual's traits are still in small size-at-age and at earlier age-at-maturation in exploited fish populations. In this paper, we expressed our view of points that fishing gear has imposed selectivity on fish populations and individuals as various other environmental factors have done and such changes are unrecoverable. According to the existing tend of exploited fish individual's life history traits, we suggested further researches in this field and provided better methods of fishery management and thereby fishery resources protection than those available early.展开更多
This paper is of conceptual nature. The considerations are based on literature studies and empirical research carried out in 2009 and 2011 among the members of supervisory board in Polish public companies. The purpose...This paper is of conceptual nature. The considerations are based on literature studies and empirical research carried out in 2009 and 2011 among the members of supervisory board in Polish public companies. The purpose of this article is to present a new business reporting model extended by the supervisory board＇s reports. The part of this article, which is based on the literature research, clarifies the scope of modem business reporting, being a part of a company＇s information system. This article includes management commentary proposal prepared by the International Accounting Standards Board （IASB）. The authors proposed a supplement to the management commentary which is a global model of disclosures accompanying financial statements. According to the concept presented in this article, information prepared and disclosed by managers in financial statements and management commentaries are parts of a larger reporting system-corporate reporting supply chain. This paper mainly proposes an extension of a modem company＇s information system with a new channel of communication, such as supervisory board＇s reports. This article explains the role of a supervisory board associated with the conception. In the prepared conception, supervisory board becomes an active reviewer of management action. Moreover, it is also an active participant in the chain of corporate reports. Deliberations presented in this article are the voices in the debate on the shape of the modem business reporting.展开更多
This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management ...This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management of each plant and of the whole system. In the first part of this study, the features of the monitoring system that allows to monitor the operating parameters and to discover the issues before they actually become dangerous for the plant have been identified. The data collected in the different solar thermal systems realized in Italian jails have been analyzed. The results of these elaborations allowed us both to find out some anomalies of functioning of the plants, and to optimize the management of the whole plant in a more efficient way.展开更多
基金the financial support from Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201203018)
文摘Over the past few decades, extreme changes have occurred in the characters of exploited fish populations. The majority of these changes have affected the growth traits of fish life history, which include a smaller size-at-age, an earlier age-at-maturation and among others. Currently, the causes of these life history traits changes still require systematic analyses and empirical studies. The explanations that have been cited are merely expressed in terms of fish phenotypic adaptation. It has been claimed that the original traits of fish can be recovered once the intensity of exploitation of the fish is controlled. Sustained environmental and fishing pressure will change the life history traits of most fish species, so the fish individual's traits are still in small size-at-age and at earlier age-at-maturation in exploited fish populations. In this paper, we expressed our view of points that fishing gear has imposed selectivity on fish populations and individuals as various other environmental factors have done and such changes are unrecoverable. According to the existing tend of exploited fish individual's life history traits, we suggested further researches in this field and provided better methods of fishery management and thereby fishery resources protection than those available early.
文摘This paper is of conceptual nature. The considerations are based on literature studies and empirical research carried out in 2009 and 2011 among the members of supervisory board in Polish public companies. The purpose of this article is to present a new business reporting model extended by the supervisory board＇s reports. The part of this article, which is based on the literature research, clarifies the scope of modem business reporting, being a part of a company＇s information system. This article includes management commentary proposal prepared by the International Accounting Standards Board （IASB）. The authors proposed a supplement to the management commentary which is a global model of disclosures accompanying financial statements. According to the concept presented in this article, information prepared and disclosed by managers in financial statements and management commentaries are parts of a larger reporting system-corporate reporting supply chain. This paper mainly proposes an extension of a modem company＇s information system with a new channel of communication, such as supervisory board＇s reports. This article explains the role of a supervisory board associated with the conception. In the prepared conception, supervisory board becomes an active reviewer of management action. Moreover, it is also an active participant in the chain of corporate reports. Deliberations presented in this article are the voices in the debate on the shape of the modem business reporting.
文摘This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management of each plant and of the whole system. In the first part of this study, the features of the monitoring system that allows to monitor the operating parameters and to discover the issues before they actually become dangerous for the plant have been identified. The data collected in the different solar thermal systems realized in Italian jails have been analyzed. The results of these elaborations allowed us both to find out some anomalies of functioning of the plants, and to optimize the management of the whole plant in a more efficient way.
