颗粒增强2024Al复合材料的微屈服性能研究

为了明确亚微米颗粒增强铝基复合材料微塑性变形行为的规律和机制,利用微屈服强度测试和透射电镜分析,研究了亚微米级Al2O3颗粒增强2024Al复合材料的微屈服性能及尺寸稳定化热处理工艺对微屈服性能的影响.研究结果表明:复合材料的显微组织在稳定化热处理前后均呈现位错稀少的特点,有助于材料微屈服强度的提高;复合材料中尺寸细小,密集分布的S′相和亚微米颗粒本身对位错运动的有效阻碍也能改善材料的微屈服强度;时效后采用不同的冷热循环处理工艺,使得复合材料基体中S′相的尺寸和分布都发生一定的改变,进而呈现出不同的微屈服性能.

屈服性能指标自动测试中存在的问题与“自动图示法”

分析了屈服性能指标自动测试方法中存在的问题及“自动图示法”中测定图的选择与对测定图的要求.指出屈服性能指标的自动测试技术应向“自动图示法”发展.

显微组织对特厚高强钢板屈服性能的影响

钢的屈服性能受到诸如显微组织、晶粒度、体积百分率、相的形状、位错密度等显微组织因素的影响。但是为了确定屈服强度(YS)和屈强比(YR:屈服强度/抗拉强度),重要的是要确定和控制显微组织因素。显微组织不仅仅可以通过化学成分,还可以通过热轧、热处理。

屈服性能指标自动测试中存在的问题与“自动图示法”

1 引言本世纪八十年代以来,微机在力学性能试验领域获得了越来越广泛的应用,与试验机硬件系统相配套的各种试验软件应运而生。拉伸试验做为金属最常用的试验方法更为人们所重视。拉伸试验软件主要有两大类,一类是各试验机生产厂家提供的与试验机硬件相配套的软件。

正交异性非二次式新型屈服函数

鉴于现有的正交异性屈服函数是将材料的屈服性能和变形性能这两种各向异性特性混在一起考虑，以致有时出现明显矛盾的情况，该文探讨并建立了一个能同时、分别考虑这两种特性的新型屈服函数。应用表明，它是可用和有效的。

腐蚀管道剩余寿命的性能衰减模型研究

管道在长期的运行过程中,由于介质和土壤的腐蚀性、管材的微塑性变形、结构转变和渗氢等,不仅会使管道出现各种腐蚀损伤,而且还存在着老化效应和氢化作用,导致管材的脆变并改变材料的塑性,使机械性质参数发生衰退。从管材性能衰减和腐蚀损伤角度研究了管道的剩余寿命,提出了根据结构承载能力的极限值确定塑性变形时工作寿命的方法。为了确定剩余使用寿命,对剪切损伤率和屈服性能比等概念进行定义,在掌握管材金属剪切损害率和屈服性能比的时间特性基础上,建立了剩余寿命计算模型,并给出了算例。

基于弹塑性分析的结构性能设计方法探讨

本文主要探讨了结构性能设计的目的、意义,以及性能设计对结构抗震性能的评价方法。结构的设计性能评估,取决于其采用的手段,不同的方法,得到的结构抗震性能可能是不同的。这就有必要探讨合理的性能设计方法。本文基于弹塑性分析为主,弹性分析为辅的性能设计方法,为评估结构的性能目标,提出一种综合的解决方法,为深化设计提供一种参考思路。

GB/T228.1-2010中的拉伸试验速率及其控制

阐述了在拉伸试验中,试验速率对材料屈服性能表现出规律性的影响。我国历次拉伸试验标准(GB/T 228)有关试验速率的理论规定都是以应变速率为标准,但在实际操作中又都是以等效的应力速率为标准;而在新标准GB/T 228.1-2010中,则从理论规定到实际操作均实现了以应变速率为标准的方法。另外还讨论了拉伸试验速率的控制方法,以及试验速率控制与试验设备的关系。

Microstructure and tensile properties of AE42-based magnesium alloys with calcium addition

The as-cast microstructure of AE42 was of typical dendritic and composed of the a matrix and some needle-shaped interphases Al11RE3. A small mount of Ca addition results in significant microstructural refinement and formation of a Al2Ca phase, which showed two kinds of morphologies, lamellar and tiny granular. The former distributes on grain boundaries and the later is within the matrix grains. With the increase of Ca addition the volume fraction of Al-RE compound (Al11RE3) decreases, but Al2Ca increases. Addition of Ca causes a significant increase of yield strength of the alloy both at ambient and elevated temperatures, but a little decrease of the ductility. With calcium addition the ultimate strength decreases at ambient temperature and 150°t, but increases at 175°C and 200°C.

Effect of composition and sintering temperature on mechanical properties of ZrO_2 particulate-reinforced titanium-matrix composite

The titanium-based composites were synthesized by powder metallurgy method. The effects of composition and sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of the titanium-based composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties tests. The results demonstrate that adding ZrO2 particles can improve the mechanical properties of powder metallurgy （P/M） titanium-based composites. The Ti composite with 4% （mole fraction） ZrO2 sintered at 1100 °C for 4 h shows an appropriate mechanical property with a relative density of 93.9%, a compressive strength of 1380 MPa （570 MPa higher than pure Ti） and good plasticity （an ultimate strain above 24%）.

Anisotropic tensile behavior and related yield point phenomena in annealed ultrafine-grained pure aluminum

It is found that tensile flow curves of samples of annealed ultrafine-grained aluminum AA1090 show the development of a yield point and a significant mechanical anisotropy.To rationalize the anisotropic tensile behavior,the orientation data of the annealed material were measured using electron backscatter microscopy.It is found that the inferior mechanical properties of samples tested at 45°to the rolling direction may be attributed to a strong rolling texture effect and that the anisotropic magnitude of the yield drop may be related to the proportion of grains with soft orientations(defined as those with Schmid factor greater than 0.45)in the sample.Additionally,it is found that the anisotropy in tensile ductility is in general agreement with a Considère criterion analysis and that the mechanical anisotropy in the samples is only partly explained by the crystallographic texture,where microstructural anisotropy may also play a role.

Effect of Ce content on mechanical properties of Ce/Cr coated open-cell Ni-Cr-Fe alloy foams

The Ce/Cr coating was homogenously deposited onto the reticulated open-cell Ni?Cr?Fe alloy foam by the pack cementation process.The mechanical properties of the Ce/Cr coated alloy foams were investigated by the quasi-static compression test.Simultaneously,the deformation and failure mechanisms of Ce/Cr coated alloy foams were discussed.The results show that the adding amount of CeO2powders influences the mechanical properties of the Ce/Cr coated alloy foams.Despite an increase in density as compared to the uncoated foams,the Ce/Cr coated foams exhibit improvement in both yield strength and energy-absorption performance.Especially,the energy-absorption performance of2%Ce/Cr(mass fraction)coated alloy foam is averagely1.9times as high as that of the bare Ni?Cr?Fe alloy foam.In addition,the mechanical properties of the Ce/Cr coated alloy foams increase with the increase of strain rate.The distortion and cracking are mainly the deformation behavior of the Ce/Cr coated alloy foam,confirmed by SEM images.

Relationship between mechanical properties and grain size of AZ80 at 350℃ under different strain rates

The dynamic recrystallization refinement of magnesium alloy AZ80 by compression tests was studied,and its effect on the mechanical properties was investigated.It is observed that the microstructure of the as-cast billet with grain size of 240μm becomes refined to about 120,110,94 and 50μm after upsetting at 350℃ under strain rates of 0.01,0.1,1 and 10 s -1 respectively.The changes in the mechanical properties according to grain size show that yield strength significantly decreases with grain size increasing,while strain hardening exponent and micro hardness increase very sharply.Further,the grain size vs strain rate and change in Vickers micro hardness according to the various strain rates show that grain size and micro hardness decrease with strain rate increasing.

Influence of impurities on damping properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy

The influence of impurities on damping capacities of ZK60 magnesium alloys in the as-cast,as-extruded and T4-treated states was investigated by dynamically mechanical analyzer at room temperature.Granato and Lucke dislocation pinning model was employed to explain damping properties of the alloys.It is found that reducing impurity content can decrease the amount of second-phase particles,increase grain size and improve damping capacity of the as-cast alloy slightly.The as-extruded alloy with lower impurity content is found to possess obviously higher damping capacity in the relatively high strain region than that with higher impurity concentration,which appears to originate mainly from different dislocation characteristics.The variation tendency of damping property with change of impurity content after solution-treatment is also similar to that in the as-extruded and as-cast states. Meanwhile,the purification of the alloy results in an evident improvement in tensile yield strength in the as-extruded state.

Semi-solid near-net shape rheocasting of heat treatable wrought aluminum alloys

Flexibility of the CSIR-RCS, induction stirring with simultaneous air cooling process, in combination with high pressure die casting is successfully demonstrated by semi-solid rheocasting of plates performed on commercial 2024, 6082 and 7075 wrought aluminum alloys. Tensile properties were measured for the above mentioned rheocast wrought aluminum alloys in the T6 condition. The results showed that tensile properties were close to or even in some cases exceeded the minimum specifications. The yield strength and elongation of rheocast 2024-T6 exceeded the minimum requirements of the wrought alloy in the T6 condition but the ultimate tensile strength achieved only 90% of the specification because the Mg content of the starting alloy was below the commercial alloy specification. The strengths of rheocast 6082-T6 exceeded all of the wrought alloy T6 strength targets but the elongation only managed 36% of the required minimum due to porosity, caused by incipient melting during solution heat treatment, and the presence of fine intermetallie needles in the eutectic. The yield strength of rheocast 7075 exceeded the required one and the ultimate tensile strength also managed 97% of the specification; while the elongation only reached 46% of the minimum requirement also due to incipient melting porosity caused during the solution heat treatment process.

高性能不锈钢（6）

4．3双相不锈钢 双相不锈钢的抗拉和屈服性能很高。它们的塑性介于铁素体不锈钢和奥氏体不锈钢之间。随着合金含量的增加，尤其是氮含量的增加，其强度提高而塑性降低。双相不锈钢引人注目的强度性质部分是由于铁素体增加屈服强度和奥氏体由于加工硬化带来的高抗拉强度的联合作用。板材的最低屈服强度高达550MPa（80ksi），见表9。

Particle size polydispersity of the rheological properties in magnetorheological fluids

Dispersion of metal particles in fluids can be used to manufacture magnetorheologic fluids(MRF).Properties of these dispersion systems are mainly determined by the arrangements and contacts among particles.In this paper,particles with smaller sizes than those in the target dispersion system are added using iron particles dispersed in silicon oil as a model to control the arrangements and contacts.The result suggests that these small-sized particles have a significant effect on the viscoelastic properties of the dispersion.The maximum packing density and the fluid viscosity depend mainly on the adhesion of small particles,which is directly related to the fraction of small particles in the model dispersion system.Under a magnetic field,the yield stress of the dispersion system is proportional to the concentration of iron particles,suggesting that the yield stress relies directly on the presence of small particles.These small particles in the fluid determine the difference in stress of the magnetorheological fluid(MRF) with or without a magnetic field.