史上最牛伯乐:“唐宋八大家”中五人得其提携

＂唐宋八大家＂,除自己外,其余宋代五人均出自他的门下。这些人都是在布衣屏处、未为人知的时候,被他相中、推介、提携而名扬天下的。欧阳修文章锦绣,为人却耿介率直,放达不羁,以致树敌无数,屡遭同僚诟病和围攻。对他才华非常欣赏的宋仁宗曾惋惜道：＂如欧阳修者,何处得来？＂他的老师晏殊甚至对人说：“吾重修文章，不重他为人。”可见，欧阳修在做人上的确有过于刚直的一面，刻薄有加，宽容不足。但这样一个对同僚刻薄的人，对有真才实学的后生却表现出异乎寻常的大度，极尽赞美，竭力推荐，使一大批当时还默默无闻的青年才俊脱颖而出，名垂后世，堪称千古伯乐。

Recent advances of electromagnetic interference shielding Mg matrix materials and their processings:A review

In terms of lightweight electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding structural materials,Mg matrix materials have proven to be the best,due to their exciting properties(e.g.low density,high specific strength,good electrical conductivity and excellent EMI shielding properties)and their wide range of applications in lightweighting in electronics,automotive and aerospace industries.Through processing,such as alloying,heat treatment,plastic deformation and composite processing,Mg matrix materials can be obtained with tailorable properties which can play a key role in designing materials for EMI shielding.This work introduces an overview of the research on the EMI shielding properties of Mg matrix materials as well as their EMI shielding mechanisms over the past few decades,focused on the influence of alloying,heat treatment,plastic deformation and composite processing for the EMI shielding properties of Mg matrix materials.At the end,conclusions and future perspectives are provided.

Risk of hepatitis B reactivation in patients treated with direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C

The recent introduction of direct-acting antiviral drugs(DAAs) for treatment of the hepatitis C virus(HCV) has greatly improved the management of HCV for infected patients. These viral protein inhibitors act rapidly, allowing HCV clearance and increasing the sustained virological response rates. However, hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation has been reported in HCV/HBV co-infected patients. Hepatitis B reactivation refers to an abrupt increase in the HBV and is welldocumented in patients with previously undetected HBV DNA due to inactive or resolved HBV infection. Reactivation can occur spontaneously, but in most cases, it is triggered by various factors. Reactivation can be transient, without clinical symptoms; however, it usually causes a hepatitis flare. HBV reactivation may occur regardless of HCV genotype and type of DAA regimen. HBV screening is strongly recommended for co-infected HCV/HBV patients before initiation and during DAA therapy regardless of HBV status, HCV genotype and class of DAAs used. HBV reactivation can be prevented with pretreatment screening and prophylactic treatment when necessary. Additional data are required to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of HBV reactivation in this setting.

Corrosion behavior and surface treatment of superlight Mg-Li alloys

Mg-Li alloy,as a superlight metallic engineering material,shows great potential in the fields of aerospace and militarydue to its high specific strength,better formability,and excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.The research process ofMg-Li alloys is reviewed and three main problems are pointed out.Aimed at the poor corrosion resistance of Mg-Li alloys,thecorrosion behavior is mainly summarized.The surface treatment technologies,including electroplating,electroless plating,plasmaspraying,molten salt replacement,conversion coating,anodizing,micro-arc oxidation,organic coating,and organic-inorganic hybridcoating,are introduced in detail.Finally,the future development of corrosion and protection of Mg?Li alloys is discussed.

Affinity ultrafiltration of DNA topoisomerases-targeted compounds determined with HPLC／ESI-MS for drug candidate screening

A method of screening assay is demonstrated. The approach is based on the affinity of antitumor candidates for topoisomerases. In this method, antitumor candidates are fished out using topoisomerases as targets. Traditional analysis of complex compounds typically encounters signal suppression due to the relatively low concentrations, but enzyme-affinity screening for the active compounds can effectively concentrate the desired analysts into a small volume of high concen-tration. Active compounds are separated from non-affinity compounds by ultrafiltration. The molecules-enzymes complexes that are retained on the filter are subsequently separated by acidification to obtain the topoisomerases-affinity compounds for analysis on High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detec-tion (ESI-MS). This enzyme-affinity based screening assay provides a highly specific and efficient method that can directly screen, identify, and acquire drug candidates thus improving the accuracy and speed of high-throughput screening activities.

Encountering Mandela on Screen： Transnational Collaboration in Mandela Image Production From 1987-2010

This article examines transnational collaboration in the production of Mandela＇s biopics and what it means for Mandela＇s self-image, for South African history, and for the globalization of human experience. The films covered in this discussion include： Mandela （1987）, Sarafina （1992）, Mandela and de Klerk （1997）, Goodbye Bafana （2007）, Endgame （2009）, and Invictus （2010）. The article examines the portrayals of Mandela as a lover, action hero, conciliator, and as a symbol of the anti-apartheid liberation struggle, and then focuses on Invictus, Clint Eastwood＇s adaptation of Carlin＇s book, Playing the Enemy to show the degree to which Mandela is incarnated on screen through Morgan Freeman＇s stunning performance while at the same time underscoring the dangers of Euro-American cultural production of Mandela＇s image. While Carlin＇s book employs reminiscences, flashbacks, and shifting chronology to expose the injustice, oppression and brutality that the Springboks symbolized, the film instead focuses on magnifying Mandela＇s image and charm at the expense of South African history, leading to the misrepresentation of Mandela： the ＂heroic self-transcendence＂ typical of Hollywood＇s shallow treatment of historical material for commercial and cultural expediency.

Stability of Tokamak Equilibrium with Internal Transport Barrier against High n MHD Ballooning Mode

Internal transport barriers （ITBs） are phenomena associated with improved confinement mode of tokamak plasmas. Within the region where the ITB locates, the plasma pressure has a large gradient while the magnetic shear s has a minimum so that within and near the ITB, the absolute value of the shear is very low. Physics involved is plentiful, from the macroscopic （ MHD ） stability, to the suppression of microscopic instabilities thought to be responsible for anomalous transport. The treatment of very low shear also poses some theoretical difficulties.

Recent developments in the detection of melamine

In recent years,there were two reported outbreaks of food borne illness associated with melamine.The presence of melamine and its related compounds in milk,feed,and other foods has resulted in the need for reliable methods for the detection and accurate quantification of this class of contaminants.The sample pretreatment for melamine in a complex matrix usually involves a liquid extraction by a polar solvent,followed by a further clean-up with solid phase extraction.Analyses of melamine and related compounds are commonly carried out by liquid or gas chromatographic methods conjugated with mass spectrometry.Other innovative screening methods,which use antibodies,molecularly imprinted polymers,capillary electrophoresis,and gold nanoparticles,are also used to develop assays and biosensors to melamine.However,many of these methods have been hindered by matrix effects,the solubility of melamine-cyanuric acid complex,and background contamination.This article reviews recent developments for detecting melamine and discusses future directions.