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近十年海绵城市建设研究评述与展望 被引量:16
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作者 戴妍娇 焦胜 +1 位作者 丁国胜 沈瑶 《现代城市研究》 CSSCI 2018年第8期77-87,共11页
在全球气候变化和快速城市化的背景下,雨洪灾害的频发严重威胁现代城市的可持续发展。因此,海绵城市建设研究受到社会各界的广泛关注。本文基于对国内外近十年海绵城市建设相关文献的计量分析,梳理了这一领域的研究热点及前沿动态,并对... 在全球气候变化和快速城市化的背景下,雨洪灾害的频发严重威胁现代城市的可持续发展。因此,海绵城市建设研究受到社会各界的广泛关注。本文基于对国内外近十年海绵城市建设相关文献的计量分析,梳理了这一领域的研究热点及前沿动态,并对城市雨洪成因、控制目标与指标体系、重点建设区、专项规划及技术设施五部分主要研究内容和既有的研究方法进行了系统总结。在此基础上,指出未来海绵城市建设研究应重点探索的方向。 展开更多
关键词 城市雨洪 海绵城市 文献综述 展塑
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Seismic force modification factor for ductile structures 被引量:1
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作者 童根树 黄金桥 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第8期813-825,共13页
The earthquake forces used in design codes of buildings should be theoretically determinable. This work examines the seismic force modification factor R based on elastic-plastic time-history earthquake analysis of SDO... The earthquake forces used in design codes of buildings should be theoretically determinable. This work examines the seismic force modification factor R based on elastic-plastic time-history earthquake analysis of SDOF systems, wherein the hys-teresis models are elastic-perfectly-plastic (EPP), elastic-linearly-hardening (ELH), shear-slipped and bilinear-elastic. The latter two models are analysed for separating the effect of the ductility and the energy-dissipating capacity. Three-hundred eighty-eight earthquake records from different site conditions are used in analysis. The ductility is taken to be 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, with the damping ratio being 0.02, 0.035 and 0.05 respectively. The post-yield stiffness ratios 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2 are used in the analysis. The R spectra are standardized by the characteristic period of the earthquake records, which leads to a much smaller scatter in averaged numerical results. It was found that the most important factor determining R is the ductility. R increases more than linearly with ductility. The energy-dissipating capacity, damping and the post-yield stiffness are the less important factors. The energy dissipating capacity is important only for structures with short period and moderate period (0.3≤T/Tg<5.0). For EPP and ELH models, R for 0.05 damping is 10% to 15% smaller than for 0.02 damping. For EPP and ELH models, greater post-yield stiffness leads to greater R, but the influence of post-yield stiffness is obvious only when the post-yield stiffness is less than 10% of the initial stiffness. By means of statistical regression analysis the relation of the seismic force modification factor R with the natural period of the system and ductility for EPP and ELH models were established for each site and soil condition. 展开更多
关键词 Aseismic design Seismic force modification coefficient DUCTILITY Energy-dissipating capacity
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Effect of Sc and Er additions on superplastic ductilities in Al-Mg-Mn-Zr alloy 被引量:4
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作者 段雨露 钱健 +2 位作者 肖丹 崔学敏 徐国富 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第6期1283-1292,共10页
The superplasticity of Al-6Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Sc-0.12Zr and Al-6Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Er-0.12Zr(mass fraction,%)alloys sheet was investigated,and the effect of Sc and Er was discussed.The results show that the superplastic ductiliti... The superplasticity of Al-6Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Sc-0.12Zr and Al-6Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Er-0.12Zr(mass fraction,%)alloys sheet was investigated,and the effect of Sc and Er was discussed.The results show that the superplastic ductilities of Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy was higher than that of Al-Mg-Mn-Er-Zr alloy at a wide temperature range of 400-540°C and high strain rate range of1.67×10-4-1.67×10-1 s-1.A maximum elongation 673%is obtained at 520°C and 1.67×10-3 s-1 in the Sc-containing alloy;while the Er-containing alloy only gets a maximum elongation 253%at 520°C and 1.67×10-3 s-1.Moreover,the average stress exponent of Sc-containing alloy is about 2.84,which is smaller than that of Er-containing alloy(3.64).Besides,the activation energies of the Sc-containing and Er-containing alloy are 84.8 k J/mol and 87.2 k J/mol,respectively.It is indicated that grain boundary sliding is the dominant mechanism during tensile deformation.According to microstructure examination,the better superplasticity of Sc-containing alloy may be attributed to the presence of Al3_(Sc,Zr)dispersoids,which can inhibit recrystallization and grain growth effectively. 展开更多
关键词 Al-Mg-Sc alloy Al-Mg-Er alloy SUPERPLASTICITY microstructure
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Elastoplastic analysis of knee bracing frame 被引量:1
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作者 黄真 李庆松 陈龙珠 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第8期784-789,共6页
The knee bracing steel frame (KBF) is a new kind of energy dissipating frame, which combines excellent ductility and lateral stiffness. As the structural fuse of the frame, the knee element will yield first during a s... The knee bracing steel frame (KBF) is a new kind of energy dissipating frame, which combines excellent ductility and lateral stiffness. As the structural fuse of the frame, the knee element will yield first during a severe earthquake so that no damage occurs to the major structural members and the rehabilitation is easy and economical. To help fully understand the relations be- tween its seismic performance and the structural parameters, systematic elastoplastic analysis of the KBF structure with finite element method was conducted in this work. Finally, general design recommendations were made according to the results of the analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Steel frame Knee bracing frame Elastoplastic analysis
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Research progress of micro(nano)plastics in marine survey in China
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作者 GAO Yan DAI Yuanyuan +3 位作者 SUN Xueliang LI Wangcan HE Qing LIU Zeping 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2020年第1期90-96,共7页
The extensive existence of microplastics in the marine environment and the various definite and indefinite harm to the living creatures have been paid much attention.In this paper,the definition,source and pollution o... The extensive existence of microplastics in the marine environment and the various definite and indefinite harm to the living creatures have been paid much attention.In this paper,the definition,source and pollution of micro(Nano)plastics in marine environment are reviewed.The related literatures are retrieved by using big data platform,the distribution characteristics of micro(Nano)plastics in the marine environment,control measures and so on,and the characteristics of key words making,resource distribution and contribution rate of research institutions are comprehensively analyzed.It provides the technical support for the scientific management of micro(Nano)plastics in the future. 展开更多
关键词 micro-nano plastics oceanographic survey research progress
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Plastic Microbeads in Cosmetics:Regulations and Alternatives
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作者 Wang Haiyan 《China Detergent & Cosmetics》 2018年第3期41-43,共3页
The concept of microbeads and the use of plastic microbeads(as a form of micro plastic) in cosmetics were introduced. The legislations related to prohibition of plastic microbeads in cosmetics in different countries w... The concept of microbeads and the use of plastic microbeads(as a form of micro plastic) in cosmetics were introduced. The legislations related to prohibition of plastic microbeads in cosmetics in different countries were reviewed. And the harzards and alternatives of plastic microbeads were described. 展开更多
关键词 micro plastic plastic microbeads cosmetics.
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Analysis of Environmental Management for the Treatment of Plastic Waste in Mexico: Government Strategies
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作者 S. Jimenez N. Simon +1 位作者 L.A. Rivas C. Klingler 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2011年第8期1031-1042,共12页
In Mexico, garbage represents a high pollution index according to national and international organizations; eighty percent of waste products stay in sanitary landfills, out of doors, where no tailings management exist... In Mexico, garbage represents a high pollution index according to national and international organizations; eighty percent of waste products stay in sanitary landfills, out of doors, where no tailings management exists. Plastic products represent 16% of this pollution (one and one-half kilos daily per person in a country with a population of 107 million people). These sanitary landfills are methane deposits, and consequently emit gases and toxins that cause serious health problems. The object of this is to analyze governmental programs, strategies, policies and procedures which regulate both industrial sectors and society. Society and government share a responsibility since they must implement norms which include the separation, reduction, recycling and reuse of garbage. Results demonstrate that government strategies used to treat railings are complex and are directed more towards sanctions than to motivation. Furthermore these strategies discourage a cultural transformation toward industrial sustainability. Instead of reducing the garbage accumulation problem, they increase the difficulty. 展开更多
关键词 SUSTAINABILITY solid waste plastic industry
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EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONTROL IN PLANT DEVELOPMENT
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作者 BeátaOborny 《Journal of Systems Science & Complexity》 SCIE EI CSCD 2003年第3期339-349,共11页
Bodies of plants are modularly organized. Development proceeds by adding new modules to open endings with a potential for branching. Each module is autonomous to some extent. Development relies on the self-organized p... Bodies of plants are modularly organized. Development proceeds by adding new modules to open endings with a potential for branching. Each module is autonomous to some extent. Development relies on the self-organized patterns that emerge from the interactions of individual modules. Interactions include both competition and cooperation,and several types of positive and negative feedback loops are involved. Development can be open to external influences, thus enabling the plant to adjust its form to the environment,for example, to the spatial distribution of ecological resources. This paper provides a review on adaptive plasticity in plants. 展开更多
关键词 Developmental plasticity self-organized pattern phenotypic variation plant morphogenesis physiological integration modular structure.
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Exceptionally shear-stable and ultra-strong Ir-Ni-Ta high-temperature metallic glasses at micro/nano scales
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作者 Yu-Tian Wang Quan-Feng He +5 位作者 Zi-Jian Wang Ming-Xing Li Yan-Hui Liu Yong Yang Bao-An Sun Wei-Hua Wang 《Science China Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第2期501-507,共7页
Ir-Ni-Ta metallic glasses(MGs)exhibit an array of superior high-temperature properties,making them attractive for applications at high temperatures or in harsh environments.However,Ir-Ni-Ta bulk MGs are quite brittle ... Ir-Ni-Ta metallic glasses(MGs)exhibit an array of superior high-temperature properties,making them attractive for applications at high temperatures or in harsh environments.However,Ir-Ni-Ta bulk MGs are quite brittle and often fracture catastrophically even before plastic yielding,significantly undercutting their high-strength advantage.Here,we show that the Ir-Ni-Ta MGs are not intrinsically brittle,but rather malleable when the feature size is reduced to micro/nano-scales.All tested Ir-Ni-Ta MG micropillars with a diameter ranging from~500 nm to~5μm display a large plastic strain above 25%(the maximum up to 35%),together with a yield strength up to 7 GPa,well exceeding the strength recorded in most metallic materials.The intrinsic shear stability of Ir-Ni-Ta MGs,as characterized by the normalized shear displacement during a shear event,is much larger than those malleable Zr-and Cu-based MGs.Our results suggest that Ir-Ni-Ta MGs are excellent candidates for micro/nanoscale structural applications used at high-temperature or extreme conditions. 展开更多
关键词 micro-compressions micropillars intrinsic shear stability metallic glasses
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