After decades of development and technology advancement, coalbed methane has become an important source for U S. energy consumption. Especial in recent year, U S. coalbed methane production continues its healthy growt...After decades of development and technology advancement, coalbed methane has become an important source for U S. energy consumption. Especial in recent year, U S. coalbed methane production continues its healthy growth rate of about 10% per year. The paper takes emphasis on the technology developments and the engineering approaches of coalbed methane in the U S.展开更多
This paper traces the social limitations in the development of Asian American literature. The label "Asian American literature" is so instrumental in instituting the literature, can also regulate creativity. As a st...This paper traces the social limitations in the development of Asian American literature. The label "Asian American literature" is so instrumental in instituting the literature, can also regulate creativity. As a strategic term and group identification, "Asian American" lends itself to the illusion of unity and homogeneity. Scholars differ in the way they elect to demarcate Asian American literature. One of the fundamental barriers to understanding and appreciating Asian American literary expression has been the existence of race stereotypes about Asians in American popular culture. For many Asian American writers, ethnic authenticity is a necessary but weak choice Most early immigrant writers write to challenge the negative view of Asia in the West and see themselves as ambassadors of goodwill to the West. The purpose is to mark difference as exotica and appeal to the benign curiosity of the Western readers while appeal to notions of universal humanity. This type of strong ethnic quotient writing continues to exist in various guises even today. The trade publishers have a predilection for Asian American personal narratives that stress the "model minority" discourse, "good workers" image, and Asian Americans' ability to accommodate to the basic rules of American society. Asian American writers never stop attempting to build bridges. But we should remind ourselves that boundary crossing must not be merely an aesthetic and intellectual exercise .展开更多
The Pursuit of Happyness has always been a well-received film ever since its release in 2006. This film mainly describes how a black American worms his way from the bottom of the society to success. This paper intends...The Pursuit of Happyness has always been a well-received film ever since its release in 2006. This film mainly describes how a black American worms his way from the bottom of the society to success. This paper intends to make a detailed description of the life experience of the main character, including his life obstacles and fighting. It also expounds on the image of the main character. Moreover, through the analysis of the reasons why Chris, an average American with his unyielding spirits, succeeds in seizing his happiness through sorrow and pain in life, the practical significance with regard to individual and social development is put into the limelight.展开更多
Baiyangdian lake as the kidney of north China plays a huge ecological function, bringing about environmental and economic benefits as well as aesthetics value. It takes the role of adjusting climate, slowing flood, st...Baiyangdian lake as the kidney of north China plays a huge ecological function, bringing about environmental and economic benefits as well as aesthetics value. It takes the role of adjusting climate, slowing flood, storing water, alleviating drought, maintaining the water body's purifying capacity, protecting biodiversity as well as vegetating fish and reed, developing eco-tourism etc.. Now it is degenerating under the pressure from both physical and human society. This paper studied the process, condition and root causes of the lake shrinking, pollution, biodiversity losing and disasters. Adaptation and integrative management strategies are also put forward for maintaining the ecological function and sustainable development.展开更多
It' s quite necessary for children' s intelligence development and good aesthetic orientation development to get preschool music education. As the current society is in diversified development, to continuously promo...It' s quite necessary for children' s intelligence development and good aesthetic orientation development to get preschool music education. As the current society is in diversified development, to continuously promote Chinese educational development, we need to actively communicate and study with foreign education; reference the advantages of foreign education ;and make up for the deficiency of Chinese education. The purpose of this thesis is to give some references to Chinese music education by finding the culture differences in music between China and South Korean through the comparative studys in preschool music education between these two countries.展开更多
Nicholas Bourriaud's relational aesthetics is regarded as a new approach to art history and criticism, but has recently been appropriated by many art programs as a pedagogical and productive strategy in the classroom...Nicholas Bourriaud's relational aesthetics is regarded as a new approach to art history and criticism, but has recently been appropriated by many art programs as a pedagogical and productive strategy in the classroom. While there is much that is positive in Bourriaud's ideas in the first sense, its translation into a studio situation is problematic. Offering a corrective through Lacanian psychoanalysis, with acknowledgement of additional figures with corresponding ideas, it is proposed that Bourriaud's ideas are valuable additions to pedagogy generally but are equally in need of modifications that encompass a critical understanding of the desire structures of both students and faculty.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of modern fi lm art under perspectives of scene color and aesthetic.Modern movie space have already walked out of the studio, camera to record the real wor...In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of modern fi lm art under perspectives of scene color and aesthetic.Modern movie space have already walked out of the studio, camera to record the real world, more is the fl eeting moments. And constructionspace scene as one of the most straightforward language, fi lm is often shows these bright spots mean to force. Generally speaking, the scene isfully able to meet the need of fi lm narrative, in some music in the movie was also involved in promoting the development of the plot. Music is theart of can directly evokes the emotional reaction, fi lm music in the fi lm’s narrative should properly appear in the process, in order to show thecharacters emotions and feelings. This paper starts from analyzing the general features of the trend of modern fi lm art under perspectives of scenecolor and aesthetic that could serve as the basis of the further research that will be meaningful.展开更多
The cartier that the natural tourism projects rely on should be the objective natural environments, including the mountains, water, animals and plants and so on, which are the object present before the development of ...The cartier that the natural tourism projects rely on should be the objective natural environments, including the mountains, water, animals and plants and so on, which are the object present before the development of the project. Therefore, what the natural tourism projects should first be "the economic value of the natural resources". However, after the man-made planning and being given the humanity, they have the "economic value of the human resources". In the construction of the future path of the development, we should also have the dynamic study on the subjective preferences of the Chinese consumers. The change of these subjective preferences directly results from the change of the levels of their own income.展开更多
It aims to analyze the work of American International Association for Economic and Social Development (AIA), a philanthropic agency founded by Nelson Rockefeller, between 1946 and 1961 in Brazil. Aiming to promote b...It aims to analyze the work of American International Association for Economic and Social Development (AIA), a philanthropic agency founded by Nelson Rockefeller, between 1946 and 1961 in Brazil. Aiming to promote better standards of living to the Latin American rural population, AIA is merged in a historical context of increasing US economic and politic influence over Latin America and Brazil, diffusing and adapting US technical assistance programs to local contexts. However, this research developed the idea of an intense process of political negotiation, including resistance from Brazilian political staff. Also, there were many difficulties in adapting these programs to the local context, leading to constant reorganization of the AIA's work in Brazil.展开更多
Rapid economic growth, increasing populations and emergent prosperity are driving up demand tor energy, water anu food, especially in developing countries. In this scenario, the analysis of these three elements has ga...Rapid economic growth, increasing populations and emergent prosperity are driving up demand tor energy, water anu food, especially in developing countries. In this scenario, the analysis of these three elements has gained the increasing attention globally in research, business and policy spheres. This paper aims to provide an analysis of the perspectives of this nexus for Brazil and the United States, using current and predicted scenario for 2050. Considering the importance of renewable sources of energy to overcome these challenges and diversify the energy matrix in both countries, the paper will also present the biogas potential for both countries, which provides multiple economic, environmental and social benefits, such as electrical, thermal and vehicular energy, high-quality biofertilizer, reduction of odor and pathogenic vectors in the farms, decrease of ground and surface water pollution, promotion of new income for the farmers, reduction of the greenhouse gases emissions, among others.展开更多
The Chinese beauty and personal care market has been mainly dominated by big foreign brands such as L'Oreal and Maybelline, due to their good product reputation, high quality and other advantages. On the back of "Ko...The Chinese beauty and personal care market has been mainly dominated by big foreign brands such as L'Oreal and Maybelline, due to their good product reputation, high quality and other advantages. On the back of "Korean Wave" in China, the Korean cosmetics are expanding their presence in the Chinese market. Local companies must upgrade their brand image and enhance the competitiveness of their brands in the high-end market. In the future, with the increase of people's purchasing power, and the demand for high-end cosmetics, the competition in the Chinese cosmetic market will become fiercer.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the packaging and illustration design development trend from the psychology and aesthetics perspective. Commercial illustration in packaging design which can provide extremely div...In this paper, we conduct research on the packaging and illustration design development trend from the psychology and aesthetics perspective. Commercial illustration in packaging design which can provide extremely diversified forms of style, to convey the brand' s core idea, brand or product difference, and brand personality. Application of illustration in packaging design should use human language, which would make the commodity characteristics. Our methodology combines the principles of psychology and aesthetics to optimize the traditional approaches which will not only enhance the design pattern of the current model and help make innovative products.展开更多
Virtue education in the United States has lost its clout while the corporatization of higher education may be at its peak. The focus of traditional education has shifted from ideas, wisdom, and the love of learning to...Virtue education in the United States has lost its clout while the corporatization of higher education may be at its peak. The focus of traditional education has shifted from ideas, wisdom, and the love of learning to having a corporate mindset on progress and skills-based knowledge. In many cases, the focus of attention is on remaining viable/sustainable in times of economic decline rather than learning itself, so the resources supporting institutions of higher education are directed into marketing and public relations practices instead of the infrastructure for thinking and learning. This essay draws together three coordinates to make a case for a return to virtue education in the United States. First, the current condition of higher education is shown to have dubiously strayed from a virtue model. Second, the re-emergence of philosophy as a preferred major and its growth in the academy suggest that people realize that something has to change in higher education as they revert back to a broad liberal arts emphasis. Third, a discussion of virtue education from the lens of Josef Pieper's virtue philosophy, grounded in the lSta Contemplativa, offers renewed possibility to reengaged higher education for a sustainable future. Together, I suggest that the tradition of higher education in the United States is no longer viable and return to a virtue education model is an alternative that might make higher education sustainable.展开更多
the education in colleges and universities is influenced with the coming of we media era and the art education in colleges and universities is presenting diversifled development trend. Therefore, under the background ...the education in colleges and universities is influenced with the coming of we media era and the art education in colleges and universities is presenting diversifled development trend. Therefore, under the background of we media, it is of great significance to strengthen the innovation strength of art education in colleges and universities and create a group of innovative art talents. Problems existed in art education in colleges and universities have been analyzed briefly and solutions for the problems have been proposed, in this way, the innovation level of art education in colleges and universities can be improved and the innovation ability of students can be cultivated.展开更多
Il existe des régions qui ont une forme triangulaire dans la région du cou.Ces triangles sont formés par des vaisseaux,des muscles ou des os.Ils sont importants en anatomie topographique et sont des par...Il existe des régions qui ont une forme triangulaire dans la région du cou.Ces triangles sont formés par des vaisseaux,des muscles ou des os.Ils sont importants en anatomie topographique et sont des parties essentielles dans le corps humain.Donc il est necessaire de bien apprendre les compositions de ces triangles et ses significations cliniques.En principe,les triangles du cou sont faits de 2 régions(divisés par le muscle sterno-cléido-mastodien).Tous ces triangles du cou sont très utiles en clinique.Quelques-uns sont les signes pour trouver les vaisseaux ou les nerfs en opération,soit sont les positions de paracentèse,soit sont pour observer l'évolution de maladie.Si on les matrise bien,on peut diminuer l'hémorragie en opration et découvrir des cancers ou maladies le plus tt possible ce qui est très important pour traitement.展开更多
"Innovation" is the natural law of art creation, art works, and art development, is a major issue of art theory, aesthetic theory and art practice. This paper focus on the theme of artistic innovation, analyzes the ..."Innovation" is the natural law of art creation, art works, and art development, is a major issue of art theory, aesthetic theory and art practice. This paper focus on the theme of artistic innovation, analyzes the meaning of art innovative, delves into the type and the level of value of art innovation, and proposes some Reflections on artistic innovation.展开更多
Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is...Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is characterized by a lack of standards and the volume of research continues to be relatively small. There is a multiplicity of events in general gastroenterology and in sub-disciplines, both at regional and local levels, which ensure that many colleagues have access to information. Medical education programs must be based on a clinical vision and be considered in close contact with the patients. The programs should be properly supervised, appropriately defined, and evaluated on a regular basis. The disparity between the patients’ needs, the scarce resources available, and the pressures exerted by the health systems on doctors are frequent cited by those complaining of poor professionalism. Teaching development can play a critical role in ensuring the quality of teaching and learning in universities. Continuing professional development programs activities must be planned on the basis of the doctors’ needs, with clearly defined objectives and using proper learning methodologies designed for adults. They must be evaluated and accredited by a competent body, so that they may become the basis of a professional regulatory system. The specialty has made progress in the last decades, offering doctors various possibilities for professional development. The world gastroenterology organization has contributed to the speciality through three distinctive, but closely inter-related, programs: Training Centers, Train-the-Trainers, and Global Guidelines, in which Latin America is deeply involved.展开更多
Located in the cold and very cold semiarid steppe climate zone, North Dakota boasts not only long cold winters but also hot summers, which significantly increases the energy consumption of buildings. In fact, North Da...Located in the cold and very cold semiarid steppe climate zone, North Dakota boasts not only long cold winters but also hot summers, which significantly increases the energy consumption of buildings. In fact, North Dakota has the highest energy consumption per capita in residential buildings (101 MM Btu in 2013), and its energy consumption per capita in commercial buildings ranks the second (l 18 MM Btu in 2013) in the nation. When humans spend a long time indoors to escape the inclement weather, their health will be more susceptible to the indoor environment. In addition, North Dakota has the 3rd least number of green buildings certified by LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the nation. This paper aims to investigate the status quo of buildings with respect to energy, health and sustainability in North Dakota, and attempts to propose strategies regarding research and higher education to rectify the current issues. These strategies include but not limited to forming the architectural engineering program, a comprehensive and interdisciplinary program in buildings.展开更多
文摘After decades of development and technology advancement, coalbed methane has become an important source for U S. energy consumption. Especial in recent year, U S. coalbed methane production continues its healthy growth rate of about 10% per year. The paper takes emphasis on the technology developments and the engineering approaches of coalbed methane in the U S.
文摘This paper traces the social limitations in the development of Asian American literature. The label "Asian American literature" is so instrumental in instituting the literature, can also regulate creativity. As a strategic term and group identification, "Asian American" lends itself to the illusion of unity and homogeneity. Scholars differ in the way they elect to demarcate Asian American literature. One of the fundamental barriers to understanding and appreciating Asian American literary expression has been the existence of race stereotypes about Asians in American popular culture. For many Asian American writers, ethnic authenticity is a necessary but weak choice Most early immigrant writers write to challenge the negative view of Asia in the West and see themselves as ambassadors of goodwill to the West. The purpose is to mark difference as exotica and appeal to the benign curiosity of the Western readers while appeal to notions of universal humanity. This type of strong ethnic quotient writing continues to exist in various guises even today. The trade publishers have a predilection for Asian American personal narratives that stress the "model minority" discourse, "good workers" image, and Asian Americans' ability to accommodate to the basic rules of American society. Asian American writers never stop attempting to build bridges. But we should remind ourselves that boundary crossing must not be merely an aesthetic and intellectual exercise .
文摘The Pursuit of Happyness has always been a well-received film ever since its release in 2006. This film mainly describes how a black American worms his way from the bottom of the society to success. This paper intends to make a detailed description of the life experience of the main character, including his life obstacles and fighting. It also expounds on the image of the main character. Moreover, through the analysis of the reasons why Chris, an average American with his unyielding spirits, succeeds in seizing his happiness through sorrow and pain in life, the practical significance with regard to individual and social development is put into the limelight.
文摘Baiyangdian lake as the kidney of north China plays a huge ecological function, bringing about environmental and economic benefits as well as aesthetics value. It takes the role of adjusting climate, slowing flood, storing water, alleviating drought, maintaining the water body's purifying capacity, protecting biodiversity as well as vegetating fish and reed, developing eco-tourism etc.. Now it is degenerating under the pressure from both physical and human society. This paper studied the process, condition and root causes of the lake shrinking, pollution, biodiversity losing and disasters. Adaptation and integrative management strategies are also put forward for maintaining the ecological function and sustainable development.
文摘It' s quite necessary for children' s intelligence development and good aesthetic orientation development to get preschool music education. As the current society is in diversified development, to continuously promote Chinese educational development, we need to actively communicate and study with foreign education; reference the advantages of foreign education ;and make up for the deficiency of Chinese education. The purpose of this thesis is to give some references to Chinese music education by finding the culture differences in music between China and South Korean through the comparative studys in preschool music education between these two countries.
文摘Nicholas Bourriaud's relational aesthetics is regarded as a new approach to art history and criticism, but has recently been appropriated by many art programs as a pedagogical and productive strategy in the classroom. While there is much that is positive in Bourriaud's ideas in the first sense, its translation into a studio situation is problematic. Offering a corrective through Lacanian psychoanalysis, with acknowledgement of additional figures with corresponding ideas, it is proposed that Bourriaud's ideas are valuable additions to pedagogy generally but are equally in need of modifications that encompass a critical understanding of the desire structures of both students and faculty.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of modern fi lm art under perspectives of scene color and aesthetic.Modern movie space have already walked out of the studio, camera to record the real world, more is the fl eeting moments. And constructionspace scene as one of the most straightforward language, fi lm is often shows these bright spots mean to force. Generally speaking, the scene isfully able to meet the need of fi lm narrative, in some music in the movie was also involved in promoting the development of the plot. Music is theart of can directly evokes the emotional reaction, fi lm music in the fi lm’s narrative should properly appear in the process, in order to show thecharacters emotions and feelings. This paper starts from analyzing the general features of the trend of modern fi lm art under perspectives of scenecolor and aesthetic that could serve as the basis of the further research that will be meaningful.
文摘The cartier that the natural tourism projects rely on should be the objective natural environments, including the mountains, water, animals and plants and so on, which are the object present before the development of the project. Therefore, what the natural tourism projects should first be "the economic value of the natural resources". However, after the man-made planning and being given the humanity, they have the "economic value of the human resources". In the construction of the future path of the development, we should also have the dynamic study on the subjective preferences of the Chinese consumers. The change of these subjective preferences directly results from the change of the levels of their own income.
文摘It aims to analyze the work of American International Association for Economic and Social Development (AIA), a philanthropic agency founded by Nelson Rockefeller, between 1946 and 1961 in Brazil. Aiming to promote better standards of living to the Latin American rural population, AIA is merged in a historical context of increasing US economic and politic influence over Latin America and Brazil, diffusing and adapting US technical assistance programs to local contexts. However, this research developed the idea of an intense process of political negotiation, including resistance from Brazilian political staff. Also, there were many difficulties in adapting these programs to the local context, leading to constant reorganization of the AIA's work in Brazil.
文摘Rapid economic growth, increasing populations and emergent prosperity are driving up demand tor energy, water anu food, especially in developing countries. In this scenario, the analysis of these three elements has gained the increasing attention globally in research, business and policy spheres. This paper aims to provide an analysis of the perspectives of this nexus for Brazil and the United States, using current and predicted scenario for 2050. Considering the importance of renewable sources of energy to overcome these challenges and diversify the energy matrix in both countries, the paper will also present the biogas potential for both countries, which provides multiple economic, environmental and social benefits, such as electrical, thermal and vehicular energy, high-quality biofertilizer, reduction of odor and pathogenic vectors in the farms, decrease of ground and surface water pollution, promotion of new income for the farmers, reduction of the greenhouse gases emissions, among others.
文摘The Chinese beauty and personal care market has been mainly dominated by big foreign brands such as L'Oreal and Maybelline, due to their good product reputation, high quality and other advantages. On the back of "Korean Wave" in China, the Korean cosmetics are expanding their presence in the Chinese market. Local companies must upgrade their brand image and enhance the competitiveness of their brands in the high-end market. In the future, with the increase of people's purchasing power, and the demand for high-end cosmetics, the competition in the Chinese cosmetic market will become fiercer.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the packaging and illustration design development trend from the psychology and aesthetics perspective. Commercial illustration in packaging design which can provide extremely diversified forms of style, to convey the brand' s core idea, brand or product difference, and brand personality. Application of illustration in packaging design should use human language, which would make the commodity characteristics. Our methodology combines the principles of psychology and aesthetics to optimize the traditional approaches which will not only enhance the design pattern of the current model and help make innovative products.
文摘Virtue education in the United States has lost its clout while the corporatization of higher education may be at its peak. The focus of traditional education has shifted from ideas, wisdom, and the love of learning to having a corporate mindset on progress and skills-based knowledge. In many cases, the focus of attention is on remaining viable/sustainable in times of economic decline rather than learning itself, so the resources supporting institutions of higher education are directed into marketing and public relations practices instead of the infrastructure for thinking and learning. This essay draws together three coordinates to make a case for a return to virtue education in the United States. First, the current condition of higher education is shown to have dubiously strayed from a virtue model. Second, the re-emergence of philosophy as a preferred major and its growth in the academy suggest that people realize that something has to change in higher education as they revert back to a broad liberal arts emphasis. Third, a discussion of virtue education from the lens of Josef Pieper's virtue philosophy, grounded in the lSta Contemplativa, offers renewed possibility to reengaged higher education for a sustainable future. Together, I suggest that the tradition of higher education in the United States is no longer viable and return to a virtue education model is an alternative that might make higher education sustainable.
文摘the education in colleges and universities is influenced with the coming of we media era and the art education in colleges and universities is presenting diversifled development trend. Therefore, under the background of we media, it is of great significance to strengthen the innovation strength of art education in colleges and universities and create a group of innovative art talents. Problems existed in art education in colleges and universities have been analyzed briefly and solutions for the problems have been proposed, in this way, the innovation level of art education in colleges and universities can be improved and the innovation ability of students can be cultivated.
文摘Il existe des régions qui ont une forme triangulaire dans la région du cou.Ces triangles sont formés par des vaisseaux,des muscles ou des os.Ils sont importants en anatomie topographique et sont des parties essentielles dans le corps humain.Donc il est necessaire de bien apprendre les compositions de ces triangles et ses significations cliniques.En principe,les triangles du cou sont faits de 2 régions(divisés par le muscle sterno-cléido-mastodien).Tous ces triangles du cou sont très utiles en clinique.Quelques-uns sont les signes pour trouver les vaisseaux ou les nerfs en opération,soit sont les positions de paracentèse,soit sont pour observer l'évolution de maladie.Si on les matrise bien,on peut diminuer l'hémorragie en opration et découvrir des cancers ou maladies le plus tt possible ce qui est très important pour traitement.
文摘"Innovation" is the natural law of art creation, art works, and art development, is a major issue of art theory, aesthetic theory and art practice. This paper focus on the theme of artistic innovation, analyzes the meaning of art innovative, delves into the type and the level of value of art innovation, and proposes some Reflections on artistic innovation.
文摘Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is characterized by a lack of standards and the volume of research continues to be relatively small. There is a multiplicity of events in general gastroenterology and in sub-disciplines, both at regional and local levels, which ensure that many colleagues have access to information. Medical education programs must be based on a clinical vision and be considered in close contact with the patients. The programs should be properly supervised, appropriately defined, and evaluated on a regular basis. The disparity between the patients’ needs, the scarce resources available, and the pressures exerted by the health systems on doctors are frequent cited by those complaining of poor professionalism. Teaching development can play a critical role in ensuring the quality of teaching and learning in universities. Continuing professional development programs activities must be planned on the basis of the doctors’ needs, with clearly defined objectives and using proper learning methodologies designed for adults. They must be evaluated and accredited by a competent body, so that they may become the basis of a professional regulatory system. The specialty has made progress in the last decades, offering doctors various possibilities for professional development. The world gastroenterology organization has contributed to the speciality through three distinctive, but closely inter-related, programs: Training Centers, Train-the-Trainers, and Global Guidelines, in which Latin America is deeply involved.
文摘Located in the cold and very cold semiarid steppe climate zone, North Dakota boasts not only long cold winters but also hot summers, which significantly increases the energy consumption of buildings. In fact, North Dakota has the highest energy consumption per capita in residential buildings (101 MM Btu in 2013), and its energy consumption per capita in commercial buildings ranks the second (l 18 MM Btu in 2013) in the nation. When humans spend a long time indoors to escape the inclement weather, their health will be more susceptible to the indoor environment. In addition, North Dakota has the 3rd least number of green buildings certified by LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the nation. This paper aims to investigate the status quo of buildings with respect to energy, health and sustainability in North Dakota, and attempts to propose strategies regarding research and higher education to rectify the current issues. These strategies include but not limited to forming the architectural engineering program, a comprehensive and interdisciplinary program in buildings.