The adsorption properties of chitin adsorbent from mycelium of fermentation industries for the removal of heavy metal ions were studied. The result shows that the chitin adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for many...The adsorption properties of chitin adsorbent from mycelium of fermentation industries for the removal of heavy metal ions were studied. The result shows that the chitin adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for many heavy metal ions and Ni2+ in citric acid. The influence of pH was significant:When pH is higher than 4.0, the high adsorption capacity is obtained,otherwise H+ ion inhibits the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The comparison of the chitin adsorbent with some other commercial adsorbents was made, in which that the adsorption behaviorchitin adsorbent is close to that of commercial cation exchange adsorbents, and its cost is much lower than those commercial adsorbents.展开更多
For a computer to perform intelligent information processing requires functions that can extract concepts from words, as humans do, and then associate those concepts with related concepts. In order to implement this a...For a computer to perform intelligent information processing requires functions that can extract concepts from words, as humans do, and then associate those concepts with related concepts. In order to implement this association function, it is necessary to quantify the degree of association between two concepts. In the present paper, we propose a method for quantifying degree of association focusing on the viewpoint that uses a concept base （a knowledge base that expresses concepts as a collection of pairs, each pair consisting of an attribute word used to describe the concept and a weighting that expresses the word＇s importance）. Here, ＂Viewpoint＂ is the perspective from which a concept is viewed; for example, consider the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂, and the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂. From the viewpoint of ＂vehicle＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂ are highly related, while from the viewpoint of ＂flight＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂ are highly related. We present herein a comparison of two methods for calculating degree of association focusing on the viewpoint, and demonstrate that the method involving modulation of attribute weightings based on viewpoint results in degree of association calculations that are closer to human senses.展开更多
Ordered mesoporous Cu-Mg-A1 composite oxides were synthesized via the one-pot evaporation-in- duced self-assembly strategy. Using this method, copper was first homogeneously incorporated into the ordered mesoporous sp...Ordered mesoporous Cu-Mg-A1 composite oxides were synthesized via the one-pot evaporation-in- duced self-assembly strategy. Using this method, copper was first homogeneously incorporated into the ordered mesoporous spinel matrix. After H2 reduction treatment, according to X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） results, copper existed as metallic nanoparticles with the size of 6-10 nm that well decorated the parent mesoporous skeleton. The metallic nanoparticles were then re-oxidized to copper oxide when exposed to air or during CO oxidation reaction at low temperatures. Thus, copper migrated from bulk spinel phase to the surface after the reduction-oxidation treat- ment. Moreover, the copper on the surface was re-incor- porated into the bulk spinel phase by further thermal treatment at much higher temperature in the presence of air. The correlation between the state of copper in the mesoporous composite oxides and the catalytic perfor- mance toward CO oxidation was studied. It was found that copper existed as oxide nanoparticles on the surface of mesoporous Mg-Al skeleton is much more active than that existed as lattice Cu ions in spinel phase.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 29976004 and 20136020) and Fok Ying-tung Education Foundation(No. 71067).
文摘The adsorption properties of chitin adsorbent from mycelium of fermentation industries for the removal of heavy metal ions were studied. The result shows that the chitin adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for many heavy metal ions and Ni2+ in citric acid. The influence of pH was significant:When pH is higher than 4.0, the high adsorption capacity is obtained,otherwise H+ ion inhibits the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The comparison of the chitin adsorbent with some other commercial adsorbents was made, in which that the adsorption behaviorchitin adsorbent is close to that of commercial cation exchange adsorbents, and its cost is much lower than those commercial adsorbents.
文摘For a computer to perform intelligent information processing requires functions that can extract concepts from words, as humans do, and then associate those concepts with related concepts. In order to implement this association function, it is necessary to quantify the degree of association between two concepts. In the present paper, we propose a method for quantifying degree of association focusing on the viewpoint that uses a concept base （a knowledge base that expresses concepts as a collection of pairs, each pair consisting of an attribute word used to describe the concept and a weighting that expresses the word＇s importance）. Here, ＂Viewpoint＂ is the perspective from which a concept is viewed; for example, consider the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂, and the degree of association between ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂. From the viewpoint of ＂vehicle＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂automobile＂ are highly related, while from the viewpoint of ＂flight＂, ＂airplane＂ and ＂bird＂ are highly related. We present herein a comparison of two methods for calculating degree of association focusing on the viewpoint, and demonstrate that the method involving modulation of attribute weightings based on viewpoint results in degree of association calculations that are closer to human senses.
基金This work was supported by the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （21403267, 21450110410）, and Shandong Postdoctoral Innovation Program （201303065）.
文摘Ordered mesoporous Cu-Mg-A1 composite oxides were synthesized via the one-pot evaporation-in- duced self-assembly strategy. Using this method, copper was first homogeneously incorporated into the ordered mesoporous spinel matrix. After H2 reduction treatment, according to X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） results, copper existed as metallic nanoparticles with the size of 6-10 nm that well decorated the parent mesoporous skeleton. The metallic nanoparticles were then re-oxidized to copper oxide when exposed to air or during CO oxidation reaction at low temperatures. Thus, copper migrated from bulk spinel phase to the surface after the reduction-oxidation treat- ment. Moreover, the copper on the surface was re-incor- porated into the bulk spinel phase by further thermal treatment at much higher temperature in the presence of air. The correlation between the state of copper in the mesoporous composite oxides and the catalytic perfor- mance toward CO oxidation was studied. It was found that copper existed as oxide nanoparticles on the surface of mesoporous Mg-Al skeleton is much more active than that existed as lattice Cu ions in spinel phase.
