山区区域特色产业的选择与培育——以铜仁市为例

阐述了山区区域特色产业的概念和内涵,分析了铜仁市特色产业的现状及存在的问题,并提出了特色产业发展的思路及对策。铜仁市应从科学规划,人才引进,品牌培育及多方融资等方面促进特色产业的发展。

浅谈如何提高山区小水电区域电网供电可靠性

文章主要分析探讨了在电网故障后山区小水电区域的恢复供电有难度的问题,并结合电网的现有科技手段,就如何提高其电网对于供电的可靠系数做出了研究并提出了方法建议,目的在于提高事故发生后恢复的速度,以最大可能地减少停电的时间,以免影响用户的生活。在如今,应当在电网的技术不断地发展的情况下,合理地使用各种保护装置和自动化装置,妥善利用合理的手段就能高效的提升小水电区域的可靠性。

山区狭窄区域高速公路人工挖孔桩施工方法

结合山区狭窄区域的特殊地形状态,通过分析人工挖孔桩的基本技术原理以及具体施工技术内容,进而提出人工挖孔桩方法运用于山区狭窄区域高速路施工的相关操作要点。

粤北山区发展的新观念——评李春才等著《区域协调发展战略与山区发展》

李春才等著的《区域协调发展战略与山区发展》研究了粤北山区与珠三角经济发展差距 ,论证了粤北山区与珠三角区域协调发展战略 ,粤北山区经济发展战略的基本思路是 ,粤北山区实现工业化城市化 ,实现农业现代化 ,这是对区域经济发展的有益探索 ,是对粤北山区发展的新观念。

汛期期间福建省山区小时降雨特征分析

利用福建省地形高程资料以及2018—2020年汛期期间的站点逐小时降雨数据,基于ArcGIS平台获取福建省地形地貌特点以及汛期时段内降雨量的总体分布特征,并筛选出具有代表性的山区区域降雨实测站点。在此基础上,通过Γ分布函数及地形因子与降雨的相关性分析,得到山区区域的小时降雨情况概率分布特征及地形因子对降雨的影响系数矩阵。结果表明,(1)福建省多山地、丘陵,且东南沿海区域的高程及高程离散程度要小于西北内陆地区;(2)福建省汛期与前汛期期间降雨量从西北向东南呈逐渐降低的带状分布,后汛期降雨量则在南、北两个地区较大且较大值区略微往中心方向延伸;(3)在山区区域,Γ分布函数可以较好地模拟小时降雨;(4)高程、高程标准差与不同强度的降雨概率、Γ函数的形状参数α有着较强的相关关系。

近10年中国沟域经济发展研究现状与展望

沟域经济是山区农村经济发展的新视角,是在调整山区功能定位、推进山区一二三产业融合过程中探索提出的,以沟域为基本单元,将生态、农业种养、民俗、旅游发展为一体的区域经济创新。沟域经济发展可以有效带动城市郊区经济,促进农民增收致富。通过梳理目前已有的沟域经济相关研究成果,从沟域经济相关概念、发展评价、发展模式等方面,对相关研究热点问题进行了述评,总结了目前研究内容和研究区域的部分不足,并提出了今后应重点加强的研究内容和研究方向。

Living in a High Mountain Border Region:the Case of the'Bhotiyas'of the Indo-Chinese Border Region

This article introduces one of South Asia's most important border regions into academic discourse, namely, the Central Himalayan mountain rim separating India and the Tibetan Autonomous Region (People's Republic of China). What makes this border region so interesting is a tangled interplay of changing environmental, cultural, and political forms to which the local populations constantly have to adapt in order to make a living there. We focused on the so-called 'Bhotiyas' of Uttarakhand, former trans-Himalayan traders whose ethnicity and livelihood was traditionally associated with the Indo-Chinese border that was sealed as a result of the India-China war in 1962. Drawing on the work of borderland scholarship, we identified the key processes and developments that changed the perspective of this area. Competing political aspirations as well as the 'Bhotiyas' countervailing strategies were considered equally important for understanding local livelihoods and identities within the dynamics of a 'high mountain border region'. Through an exemplary analysis of historical differences of power in one 'Bhotiya' valley, we further explored the ways in which shifting socio-spatial constellations are creatively re-interpreted by the borderlanders.

Land cover change and carbon stores in a tropical montane cloud forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental,Mexico

Tropical montane cloud forest is one of the ecosystems with the highest biomass worldwide, representing an important carbon store. Globally its deforestation index is –1.1%, but in Mexico it is higher than –3%. Carbon estimates are scarce globally, particularly in Mexico. The objective of this study was to simulate future land-cover scenarios for the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico, by analyzing past forest cover changes. Another objective was to estimate stored carbon in the two study areas. These objectives involve the generation of information that could be useful inputs to anti-deforestation public policy such as the REDD+ strategy. Remote sensing was used to measure land cover change and estimate carbon stocks. Satellite images from 2015, 2000 and 1986 were used, and Dinamica EGO freeware generatedmodels of future projections. Between 1986 and 2015, 5171 ha of forest were converted to pasture. The annual deforestation rates were –1.5% for Tlanchinol and –1.3% for the San Bartolo Tutotepec sites. Distance to roads and marginalization were highly correlated with deforestation. By 2030, an estimated 3608 ha of forest in these sites will have been converted to pasture. Stored carbon was estimated at 16.35 Mg C ha-1 for the Tlanchinol site and 12.7 Mg C ha-1 for the San Bartolo site. In the Sierra Madre Oriental deforestation due to land cover change(–1.4%) is higher than levels reported worldwide. Besides having high values of stored carbon(14.5 Mg C ha-1), these forests have high biodiversity. The models' outputs show that the deforestation process will continue if action is not taken to avoid the expansion of livestock pasturing. This can be done by paying incentives for forest conservation to the owners of the land. The results suggest that REDD+ is currently the most viable strategy for reducing deforestation rates in tropical montane cloud forests in Sierra Madre Oriental.

The “Valley Economy” Model of Regional Development: A Case Study of Mountain Areas in Beijing, Northern China

A case study is presented of a regional development model for valley economies in the mountain areas of Beijing, China. The nature and framework of the valley economy model are described and the development of the model, which is specific to the mountain areas of Beijing, is analyzed. Five different valley economy models applied in the Beijing mountain areas are compared. The major purpose of the valley economy model is to develop the regional economy, including the selection of appropriate industries, the allocation of industrial space, the establishment of supply chains and the integration of various industries. Pilot experiments using the valley economy model have been conducted in seven counties(districts) in Beijing: Pinggu, Huairou, Changping, Mentougou, and Fangshan districts, and Yanqing and Miyun counties. Five models for developing the Beijing mountain areas have been explored, including: creative cultural industries, characteristic industry clusters, the promotion of large tourist areas, natural scenic tourism and folk cultural tourism. Each model has its own unique features and potential to help in the regional development of mountain areas.

Research on Water Resources Conservation of Mountain River Based on the Concept of Region Partition

Presently concepts and methods related to water resources conservation of mountain rivers are seriously insufficient,and its level is far from being adaptable to the development of a harmonious society.As mountain ecosystems play a key role in water resources conservation of mountain rivers,and the characteristics of mountain ecosystems and hydrologic features of mountain river follow strong temporal and spatial distribution,partition theory can be applied to the water resources conservation of mountain river.This theory observes the following partition principles:regional relativity,spatial continuity,integralcounty,meeting management needs,hierarchical principle,and comparability principle.And it lays equal emphasis on both water resources conservation and environmental protection,on both water quality conservation and water quantity protection,on the combination of water features,water cycle and water pollution.In the partition methods,index method and map superposition method will be applied in region partition.The example of region partition of water resources conservation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River shows that the partition theory is practicable in water resources conservation of mountain rivers,and it provides a platform for future study in water resources conservation.

Relocation of Earthquakes in the Northeastern Tianshan Mountains Area and Improvement of Local 1-D Crustal Velocity Model

We apply three methods to relocate 599 earthquake events that occurred from August 2004 to August 2005 in the northeastern Tianshan Mountains area ( 85°30' ～ 88°30'E,43°00' ～ 44°40' N ) by using travel times recorded by regional seismic network and 10 portable seismic stations deployed around the Urumqi city. By comparing the reliability of different results,we determined a suitable location method,and an improved 1-D crustal velocity model of the study area. The uncertainty of earthquake location is significantly reduced with combined data of seismic network and portable stations. The relocated events are clearly associated with regional tectonics of the northeastern Tianshan Mountains area, and are also in agreement with the existence of active faults imaged by deep seismic reflection profile. The relocated seismicity discovers some potential traces of buried active faults,which need to be validated further.

Changes of hydrochemical composition and heavy metals concentration in shallow groundwater from karst hilly areas in Guiyang region,China

The quality changes of shallow groundwater from karst hilly areas in Guiyang region of China impacted by the urbanization were investigated. The results show that the major ions in shallow groundwater from the karst hilly areas are mainly composed of HCO3^-, SO4^2-, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋, and the concentrations scopes of NO3^-, Cl^-, K^＋ and Na^＋ of the groundwater in agricultural, residential and industrial areas are 4.5-9.6, 2.8-7.1, 3.9-6.3 and 2.5-4.9 times higher than those in the forest areas, respectively. The concentrations of As, Pb and Cd of shallow groundwater in the industrial areas are also significantly enhanced, followed by those in the residential areas and the agricultural areas. The concentrations of NO3^-, SO4^2- , As, Pb and Cd of the groundwater in the industrial areas and those of NO3^- , SO4^2-, As and Cd of shallow groundwater in the residential areas reach grade Ⅲ of the Groundwater Quality Standard of China （GB/T 14848-93）, while the concentration of NO3^- in the groundwater from the industrial areas exceeds grade V. With the process of urbanization, NO3^- is the key factor to influence the groundwater quality in karst hilly areas, followed by SO4^2-, As, Pb and Cd.

Post-earthquake Rainfall-triggered Slope Stability Analysis in the Lushan Area

The ＂4.20＂ Lushan earthquake in Sichuan province, China has induced a large amount of geological hazards and produced abundant loose materials which are prone to post-earthquake rainfall- triggered landslides. A detailed landslide inventory was acquired through post-earthquake emergent field investigation and high resolution remote sensing interpretation. The rainfall analysis was conducted using historical rainfall records during the period from 1951 to 2010. Results indicate that the average annual rainfall distribution is heterogeneous and the largest average annual rainfall occurs in Yucheng district. The Stability Index MAPping （SINMAP） model was adopted to assess and analyze the post- earthquake slope stability under different rainfall scenarios （light rainfall, moderate rainfall, heavy rainfall, and rainstorm）. The model parameters were calibrated to reflect the significant influence of strong earthquakes on geological settings. The slope stability maps triggered by different rainfall scenarios were produced at a regional scale. The effect of different rainfall conditions on the slope stability is discussed. The expanding trend of the unstable area was quantitatively assessed with the different critical rainfall intensity. They provide a new insight into the spatial distribution and characteristics of post- earthquake rainfall-triggered landslides in the Lushan seismic area. An increase of rainfall intensity results in a significant increase heterogeneous distribution strongly correlated with of unstable area. The of slope instability is the distribution of earthquake intensity in spite of different rainfall conditions. The results suggest that the both seismic intensity and rainfall are two crucial factors for post- earthquake slope stability. This study provides important references for landslide prevention and mitigation in the Lushan area after earthquake.

Revealing Storage-area Relationship of Open Water in Ungauged Subalpine Wetland-Napahai in Northwest Yunnan, China

Mountains and plateaus in Southwest China contain many subalpine and alpine wetlands, with signifieant hydroecological functions. But ungauged or poorly gauged eonditions limit the study and understanding of hydrological regimes of these wetland types. This study selects an ungauged subalpine wetland - Napahai in Northwest Yunnan, China - as a case for developing a practical approach to revealing its storage-area relationship of open water. A Trimble R8 GNSS （Global Navigation Satellites Systems） RTK （Real-time Kinematic system） and sonar fathometer were used to survey fine- resolution elevation data and generate a digital elevation model of the Napahai Wetland. Forty-four Landsat images from 1987 to 2Oll were collected, and the Normalized Difference Water Index was used to classify open water features in the area. The area of open water in Napahai was ealculated for each phase. With these data and a developed conceptual model, the storage of open water for each phase was estimated using ArcGIS tools. Both storage and area of open water showed significant intra-annual and inter-annual variations. In the rainy season, the monthly change of average storage of open water in Napahai showed about 1-2 months lag behind mean monthly rainfall. The storage-area relationship of open water was well fit by a power function equation （R2=0.91, n=44）. This study indicates that if detailedelevations are available for similarly ungauged subalpine wetlands in Southwest China, researchers can use this practical approach to estimate multi- temporal areas and storages and reveal the storage- area relationship of open water in the wetlands. The study provided valuable information of this ease wetland for optimizing its hydro-ecological managements and a new method to wetland researchers and managers for the hydrological study of similarly ungauged wetland complex.

FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF THE CENOZOIC THRUST FOLD BELT IN JINPING, SICHUAN

The Jinping orogenic belt in Sichuan, China consists mainly of the Jinpingshan intracontinental thrust-nappe belt, foreland thrust-nappe belt and foreland uplift belt. Based on analyses about the characteristics of the structural units in this area, the authors propose in this paper that Chapuzi-Bazhe revival fault belt is the regional boundary fault, and points out that after the formation of the Pre-Sinian basement, the western edge of the Yangtze paraplatform was turned into the passive continental margin in Sinian to Triassic, then into the Mesozoic collision orogenic belt, and finally into the Cenozoic orogenic belt through intracontinental orogeny.

Detection of UXO magnetic anomaly in Jinshan area

Magnetic survey is one of the most successful techniques for locating buried unexploded ordnances( UXO). For the location and identification of buried UXO in Jinshan area,a total-field magnetic survey is applied. The analytic signal of magnetic field is widely used to outline the boundaries of geology bodies,slightly dependent on the magnetization direction. In order to locate the UXO position,the analytic signal is applied to process the magnetic UXO data,which performs better than the conventional magnetic data. Then a typical UXO anomaly is extracted from the original data to invert for its depth by an improved Euler method proposed.The calculated depth is close to the real buried depth.

THRUST NAPPE STRUTRUE IN THE JINGGANG MOUNTAIN: CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR PROSPECTION OF ORE DEPOSITS

Nappe structure, as was first discovered by the authors during the regional geological survey at the scale of 1:50,000 in The Jinggang Mountain, is mainly comprised of a series of NNE-NE-striking thrust fault zones and thrust sheets among them. Sinian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian, Carboniferous,Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous strata are involved in the thrust nappe system. The nappe structure is of the type of duplex structures formed as a result of the earlier stage migration from SE to NW and late stage migration from E to W of sedimentary cover or basement strata. Formation of the nappe structure in the studied area involves two main epochs: Early Yanshanian and Late Yanshanian to Early Himalayan. The mineral deposits and the buried coalfields in the area, especially the latter, are extensively controlled by the nappe structure.