Structural properties of forest soils have important hydro-ecological function and can influence the soil water-physical characters and soil erosion. The experimental soil samples were obtained in surface horizon (0-1...Structural properties of forest soils have important hydro-ecological function and can influence the soil water-physical characters and soil erosion. The experimental soil samples were obtained in surface horizon (0-10 cm) from different subalpine forest types on east slope of Gongga Mountain in the upriver area of Yangtze River China in May 2002. The soil bulk density, porosity, stable infiltration rate, aggregate distribution and particle-size distribution were analyzed by the routine methods in room, and the features and effects on eco-environment of soil aggregation were studied. The results showed that the structure of soil under mixed mature forest is in the best condition and can clearly enhance the eco-environmental function of soil, and the soil structure under the clear-cutting forest is the worst, the others are ranked between them. The study results can offer a basic guidance for the eco-environmental construction in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.展开更多
Rock fragments have major effect on soil macropores and water movement. However, the characteristics of rock fragments and their relationship with macropore characteristics remain elusive in forest stony soils in nort...Rock fragments have major effect on soil macropores and water movement. However, the characteristics of rock fragments and their relationship with macropore characteristics remain elusive in forest stony soils in northern mountainous area of China. The objectives of this study are to(1) use Industrial Computed Tomography(CT) scanning to quantitatively analyze rock fragment characteristics in intact soil columns in different forest lands and(2) identify the relationship between characteristics of rock fragments and that of the macropores. Intact soil columns that were 100 mm in diameter and 300 mm long were randomly taken from six local forest stony soils in Wuzuolou Forest Station in Miyun, Beijing. Industrial CT was used to scan all soil column samples, and then the scanned images were utilized to obtain the three-dimensional(3 D) images of rock fragments and macropore structures. Next, theparameters of the rock fragments and macropore structure were measured, including the volume, diameter, surface area, and number of rock fragments, as well as the volume, diameter, surface area, length, angle, tortuosity and number of macropores. The results showed that no significant difference was found in soil rock fragments content in the 10-30 cm layer between mixed forest and pure forest, but in the 0-10 cm soil layer, the rock fragments in mixed forest were significantly less than in pure forest. The number density of macropores has significant negative correlation with the number of rock fragments in the 0-10 cm soil layer, whereas this correlation is not significant in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers. The volume density of macropore was not correlated with the volume density of rock fragments, and there is no correlation between the density of macropore surface area and the density of rock fragment surface area. Industrial CT scanning combined with image processing technology canprovide a better way to explore 3 D distribution of rock fragments in soil. The content of rock fragments in soil is mainly determined by parent rocks. The surface soil(0-10 cm) of forest contains fewer rock fragments and more macropores, which may be caused by bioturbation, root systems, gravitational settling and faunal undermining.展开更多
The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions(NbS)and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration.The study takes Altay region as ...The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions(NbS)and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration.The study takes Altay region as an example,an area located in Xinjiang,China,which is an important ecological corridor of the national key functional area and the core area of the Belt and Road but has a fragile ecological environment and needs much enhancement in ecological protection and restoration.Guided by the concept of"mountains-rivers-forestsfarmlands-lakes-grasslands(MRFFLG)system is a life community",the coupling relationship of the various MRFFLG elements,the main ecological environmental problems and the integrated countermeasures for protection and restoration in Altay region have been analyzed in this study.The study shows that Altay region has a typical meta-ecosystem of mountain,oasis,and desert,and the connections by rivers and lakes make the ecosystem links within the region much closer.The interweaving of resource-environmental-ecological issues of the aquatic ecosystem,degradation of the quality of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests,grasslands and farmlands,the increased ecosystem fragmentation and ecological risks are the major ecological environmental issues in this region.This study takes the improvement of the ecosystem health and function in Altay region as the core goal of regional ecological protection and restoration.First,we establish a zoning governance pattern from the perspective of ecosystem integrity;second,we design governance strategies for different zones with the goal of synergistic improvements in the ecosystem functions;and finally,we clarify the key engineering tasks in different zones from the perspective of ecosystem services.Ecological conservation and restoration of the MRFFLG system is a prime example of the application and development of NbS in China.This paper constructs an analytical framework for identifying regional life communities,diagnosing ecological protection and restoration of zoning problems,and proposing classified solutions for ecological protection tasks for the protection of the MRFFLG system.This research will enrich the theory and technology for the protection and restoration of MRFFLG systems,and provide guidance for the practice of ecological protection and restoration in Altay region.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Knowledge innovation project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-Sw-319)
文摘Structural properties of forest soils have important hydro-ecological function and can influence the soil water-physical characters and soil erosion. The experimental soil samples were obtained in surface horizon (0-10 cm) from different subalpine forest types on east slope of Gongga Mountain in the upriver area of Yangtze River China in May 2002. The soil bulk density, porosity, stable infiltration rate, aggregate distribution and particle-size distribution were analyzed by the routine methods in room, and the features and effects on eco-environment of soil aggregation were studied. The results showed that the structure of soil under mixed mature forest is in the best condition and can clearly enhance the eco-environmental function of soil, and the soil structure under the clear-cutting forest is the worst, the others are ranked between them. The study results can offer a basic guidance for the eco-environmental construction in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 41741024 and 41271044)Beijing Municipal Education Commission
文摘Rock fragments have major effect on soil macropores and water movement. However, the characteristics of rock fragments and their relationship with macropore characteristics remain elusive in forest stony soils in northern mountainous area of China. The objectives of this study are to(1) use Industrial Computed Tomography(CT) scanning to quantitatively analyze rock fragment characteristics in intact soil columns in different forest lands and(2) identify the relationship between characteristics of rock fragments and that of the macropores. Intact soil columns that were 100 mm in diameter and 300 mm long were randomly taken from six local forest stony soils in Wuzuolou Forest Station in Miyun, Beijing. Industrial CT was used to scan all soil column samples, and then the scanned images were utilized to obtain the three-dimensional(3 D) images of rock fragments and macropore structures. Next, theparameters of the rock fragments and macropore structure were measured, including the volume, diameter, surface area, and number of rock fragments, as well as the volume, diameter, surface area, length, angle, tortuosity and number of macropores. The results showed that no significant difference was found in soil rock fragments content in the 10-30 cm layer between mixed forest and pure forest, but in the 0-10 cm soil layer, the rock fragments in mixed forest were significantly less than in pure forest. The number density of macropores has significant negative correlation with the number of rock fragments in the 0-10 cm soil layer, whereas this correlation is not significant in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers. The volume density of macropore was not correlated with the volume density of rock fragments, and there is no correlation between the density of macropore surface area and the density of rock fragment surface area. Industrial CT scanning combined with image processing technology canprovide a better way to explore 3 D distribution of rock fragments in soil. The content of rock fragments in soil is mainly determined by parent rocks. The surface soil(0-10 cm) of forest contains fewer rock fragments and more macropores, which may be caused by bioturbation, root systems, gravitational settling and faunal undermining.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41701601,41871196)The Scientific Research Project in Altay Region,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(2019-529)。
文摘The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions(NbS)and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration.The study takes Altay region as an example,an area located in Xinjiang,China,which is an important ecological corridor of the national key functional area and the core area of the Belt and Road but has a fragile ecological environment and needs much enhancement in ecological protection and restoration.Guided by the concept of"mountains-rivers-forestsfarmlands-lakes-grasslands(MRFFLG)system is a life community",the coupling relationship of the various MRFFLG elements,the main ecological environmental problems and the integrated countermeasures for protection and restoration in Altay region have been analyzed in this study.The study shows that Altay region has a typical meta-ecosystem of mountain,oasis,and desert,and the connections by rivers and lakes make the ecosystem links within the region much closer.The interweaving of resource-environmental-ecological issues of the aquatic ecosystem,degradation of the quality of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests,grasslands and farmlands,the increased ecosystem fragmentation and ecological risks are the major ecological environmental issues in this region.This study takes the improvement of the ecosystem health and function in Altay region as the core goal of regional ecological protection and restoration.First,we establish a zoning governance pattern from the perspective of ecosystem integrity;second,we design governance strategies for different zones with the goal of synergistic improvements in the ecosystem functions;and finally,we clarify the key engineering tasks in different zones from the perspective of ecosystem services.Ecological conservation and restoration of the MRFFLG system is a prime example of the application and development of NbS in China.This paper constructs an analytical framework for identifying regional life communities,diagnosing ecological protection and restoration of zoning problems,and proposing classified solutions for ecological protection tasks for the protection of the MRFFLG system.This research will enrich the theory and technology for the protection and restoration of MRFFLG systems,and provide guidance for the practice of ecological protection and restoration in Altay region.
