浙江北部岛屿海域土体稳定性研究

本文探讨了浙江北部岛屿区水道岸坡土体滑动的成因机制与滑坡的形态特征，对在波浪与重力共同作用下的边坡稳定性以及波浪底压引起的砂土液化进行了定量分析。研究表明，岛屿区水道中部与岸坡间强烈的冲淤反差，是该海域岸坡土体滑动不稳定因素积累的主要环境条件。目前发现的多数为中到大型的牵引式滑坡，主要由重力作用所致。对于波浪较大、水深较浅海域的粉砂、细砂分布区，浅表砂层存在着发生液化的可能性。

Snakes and Ladders： Lessons From Pacific Health Promotion

This paper focuses on health promotion and community development programmes conducted within Pacific nation locations. A literature review was carried out that identified differences in understanding of the practice of health promotion and community development in Pacific Island communities when compared with the rest of the developed world： Snakes and ladders is a metaphor for process and progress of such programmes whereby health and community gains are made only to collapse and fall back, close to or at, the starting point Reasons for this are discussed, particularly through comparison with health promotion and community development programmes in other non-Pacific countries, and with success factors identified in such programmes. This link between methodological approaches of international funding agencies and the success or otherwise of programmes, is identified. Suggestions are made as to approaches to be used when working within Pacific lsland nations. These approaches involve empowerment of the local community to lead, manage, and evaluate the effectiveness of these health promotion and community development programmes.

山东大黑山岛北庄黄土沉积特征及其环境演变

发育于山东滨海岛屿区的黄土与黄土高原等地内陆黄土相比，是沿海地区轨道尺度气候变化和海平面变化的重要记录，对研究区域古气候古环境演变具有特殊价值。本文通过对山东庙岛群岛大黑山岛北庄黄土剖面钻孔岩芯样品进行光释光（OSL）测年、粒度和磁化率分析，并与黄土高原典型黄土以及山东其他地区黄土进行了对比。研究结果表明，北庄黄土剖面0.5m处OSL年代为26.23±4.92ka，处于晚更新世末期，说明剖面全新世黄土缺失，与区域内其他剖面进行年代对比，可推断北庄黄土主要为末次间冰期以来堆积的黄土。与黄土高原典型黄土相比，北庄黄土为典型风成沉积物，但其平均粒径比黄土高原典型黄土粗，且与同区域其他岛屿上黄土相比粒径具有由南向北逐渐增大的变化趋势，这可能与不同阶段气候变化引起的海面升降而导致的主要物源不同有关。根据北庄黄土粒度和磁化率变化趋势并结合OSL测年结果，将该剖面从上到下划分为古土壤层、黄土层和古土壤层，分别对应着MIS 3～MIS 5气候旋回。因此，大黑山岛北庄黄土剖面记录了末次间冰期以来山东东部沿海地区古气候环境变化进程。