典型北方岩溶景区水资源开发与保护研究

文章以云台山大瀑布为例,通过野外地质及水文地质调查、连通示踪试验、水化学示踪和同位素示踪试验等,查明了研究区岩石、地层、构造等特征,研究了大瀑布源头(双头泉、龙宫洞泉、勤泉等)补径排条件和泉水水量,并对水资源进行评价,为云台山大瀑布水资源开发与保护提供服务。研究表明,研究区地下水的补给水源主要是大气降水补给、径流方向为北东—南西向、排泄以泉和潜水蒸发等为主;龙宫洞泉泉水和潭瀑峡、泉瀑峡主要泉水点连通性较差。

重庆岩溶地质高背景区土壤-农作物系统重金属累积特征及影响因素

为了揭示重庆岩溶地质高背景区土壤-农作物系统中重金属的迁移累积特征,选择在重庆市南部典型岩溶区,系统地采集大宗农作物(水稻、玉米和红薯)及其耕层土壤84组,分析测定农作物及耕层土壤中重金属砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、锌(Zn)含量及理化性质,采用地统计、生物富集因子及皮尔逊相关系数分析等方法,开展重金属元素在重庆岩溶地质高背景地区土壤−农作物系统中累积特征及影响因素。结果表明,研究区水稻田、玉米地和红薯地耕层土壤重金属平均含量均高于重庆市和全国表层土壤背景值,呈现不同程度的积累,其中Cd元素富集现象较为突出。依据GB 15618-2018和GB 2762-2017,耕层土壤种Cd超标率达41.59%,水稻、玉米和红薯中Cd超标率分别为5.89%、6.25%和5.56%,显示出岩溶地质高背景区虽然土壤中重金属含量总量高,但生物有效性较低。相关分析显示,土壤-农作物系统Cd等重金属含量主要受土壤pH、土壤质地和土壤中铁锰氧化物影响。

Mine rocky desertification： Another type of rocky desertification coexisting with Karst rocky desertification in Karst region

Mine rocky desertification is another type of rocky desertification which coexists with Karst rocky desertification, suggested firstly by professor SONG Jian-bo, Guizhou University. Mine rocky desertification is a process and result that the earth＇s surface is similar to desert landscapes after rock is exposed gradually, owing to mine wastes discharged at will which consist of waste residue, waste liquid and waste gas. On the basis of introducing Karst rocky desertification simply, we clarify the concept of Mine rocky desertification systemically, analyze its danger and compare the differences between Mine rocky desertification and Karst rocky desertification. Finally, we make preliminary discussion on the study significance of comprehensive treatment of Mine rocky desertification