太阳能热风采暖系统中岩石床蓄热特性研究

以太阳能热风采暖系统中岩石床为研究对象,建立岩石床的传热数学模型,模拟分析不同结构、材质对岩石床蓄热性能的影响;针对具体工程,应结合当地岩石种类,选取导热系数小,容积比热容大的岩石作为蓄热材料;当岩石大小不均匀时,应沿空气流动方向,按粒径由大至小的顺序摆放岩石;在一定条件下,岩石床堆放高度越高,蓄热速率越快,建议垂直摆放岩石。

高原地区太阳能热风采暖系统中岩石床的性能研究

鉴于高原地区自然环境特点,以太阳能热风采暖系统中岩石床为研究对象,建立岩石床的数学模型。从蓄热特性和阻力压降2个方面,模拟分析岩石容积比热容、空气入口温度以及不同海拔高度下空气密度对岩石床性能的影响。结果表明:在一定条件下,海拔每升高1 000 m,空气密度减小约10%,岩石床的平均蓄热功率降低约5%,阻力压降下降约10%,为达到设计的蓄热要求,应增加风机的风量和风压;空气入口温度越低,岩石床阻力压降越大;考虑到蓄热量与热扩散系数两方面因素,建议选取导热系数小,容积比热容大于1 800 k J/(m3·K)的岩石作为蓄热材料。

岩石填充床蓄热性能试验研究

储能系统可以有效地提高能源利用率,是解决能量供需不平衡以及可再生能源不稳定问题的重要方式,近些年来已经成为国内外的研究热点。填充床是热能存储的主要形式之一,它是一个充满填充材料的热量存储装置,岩石和鹅卵石是最常用、最可靠的填充材料。文章分析了以高压空气作为传热流体的岩石填充床的蓄热特性,讨论和研究了不同试验参数对蓄热效率的影响。结果表明,岩石填充床的蓄热效率随空气压力的升高而降低,随空气质量流量的增大而增大,因而在较大的空气质量流量和较低的空气压力条件下可以得到较高的蓄热效率。

嵩县何家村金矿床隐伏矿体定位技术研究

河南省嵩县何家村金矿床为赋存于熊耳群安山岩中的构造蚀变带。为了进一步探测隐伏矿体,开展了矿床地质、地球化学研究以及高频大地电磁测深剖面分析。矿体沿含金蚀变带产出,金品位为0.12g/t^4.0 g/t。金属矿物有自然金、黄铁矿、方铅矿、深红银矿、黄铜矿和少量自然铁,矿石结构主要有结晶结构、交代结构,矿石构造主要有脉状构造、团块状构造和浸染状构造,围岩蚀变常见黄铁矿化、硅化、钾长石化。在地球化学金异常区域内,通过高频大地电磁测深剖面缩小矿区存在的隐伏岩浆-热液活动范围,并且沿剖面进行岩石地球化学测量分析,进而客观评价Au异常。物探和化探数据显示的信息具有吻合性,暗示矿区沿次级断裂附近的深部可能存在较大矿体,为矿区下一步地质勘查工作提供了重要的找矿线索。

Cancelling ore pillars in large-scale coastal gold deposit: A case study in Sanshandao gold mine, China

According to the actual conditions in Sanshandao Gold Mine, the cancelling ore pillars mining method was researched. Firstly, a series of tests for the physical and mechanical characteristics of rock mass were carried out and a quality classification system of rock mass applied in coastal metal deposit was established. Secondly, the reasonable demarcation depth of cancelling ore pillars was simulated using the finite element method, and the simulation results show that the ore pillars can be cancelled below the level of-555 m. Thirdly, a novel layer-backfill mining method of room-pillar alternation was designed to reduce the disturbance and settlement of terrain in mining area. Engineering practice shows that the new mining method enhanced the mining output and relieved rock disturbance. Furthermore, the settlement of the roof strata was small and no disaster occurred. The new mining technology effectively controlled the deformation of the terrain, indicating that the mining of the large-scale gold coastal deposit in Sanshandao Gold Mine was achieved safely, efficiently, and with a low loss rate.

冰岩芯告诉我们什么?

美国丹佛的国家冰岩芯实验室中存储着1.3万个冰岩芯。它们是气象学家用40多年的时间钻探格陵兰中部地区的大冰盖,辛苦采集的。这些冰岩芯是气象学家从大冰盖表层钻探取样,一直深入到大冰盖最底部,触到岩石床为止,足有两英里的深度。在格陵兰中部地区,没有一片绿叶,没有一块黄色的土壤,极目远望。

Strength and deformation behaviors of bedded rock mass under bolt reinforcement

The mechanism of bolt support is an important topic in mining engineering and slope treatment. The artificial material and loading system were self-developed to study the influence of bedding cohesion and bolt number on the anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass. The results show that, both peak strength and elasticity modulus increase gradually with the increase of bedding cohesion and bolt number. The axial stress–strain curve of bedded rock mass under the reinforcement of bolts presents the features of strain-softening and secondary strengthening. Finally, anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass with different bolt numbers was simulated by using FLAC3 D numerical program and the results were compared with the experimental results. This study can provide certain bases to the stability control and support design of bedded rock mass in roadway.

Ilvaite as a thermodynamic recorder of multistage retrograde alteration in large Galinge skarn Fe deposit, western China

The ilvaite-bearing skarn associations in the Galinge skarn deposit were studied to determine their physicochemical formation conditions.A thermodynamic model setting pressure of 50 MPa(Pf=Ps=50 MPa)was set up to trace the skarn evolution.Petrographic evidence for replacement of garnet and magnetite by ilvaite in the early retrograde stage(Stage I)combined with thermodynamic modeling suggests that the alteration may have occurred at 400470°C under moderately high fO withΔlgfO(HM)ranges from 4 to 4.2.The model is based on a maximum 22 pressure of 50 MPa calculated from magmatic amphibole geobarometer.The continuous breakdown of ilvaite with quartz to form ferro-actinolite and magnetite occur in the late retrograde stage(Stage II).The reactions occurred at 400440°C under moderate fO(ΔlgfO(HM):4 to 4.4).In Stage III,the breakdown of ilvaite to form calcite,pyrite 22 and ferroactinolite depends on XCO which can be estimated to be in a range of 0.005 to 0.05,and the reaction would 2 occur at higher temperatures with increasing XCO.Under these conditions,the breakdown occurs at 270350°C and 2 low fO(ΔlgfO(HM):up to 5.2).The thermodynamic model for continuous evolution from Stage I to Stage III 22 completely records the conditions of the retrograde alteration,which is inconsistent with the thermobarometry imprints of fluid inclusions.Therefore,the petrography and phase relations of ilvaite are useful indicators of reaction conditions in various skarn deposit types.

On the initiation,movement and deposition of a large landslide in Maoxian County,China

At 5 am 24 th June 2017, a catastrophic landslide hit Xinmo Village, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China. The slide mass rushed down from an altitude of 3400 m and traveled 2700 m in a high velocity. The 13 million m^3 deposition buried the whole village and caused about 100 deaths. The source area of the landslide is located in a high steep slope, average slope angle is 40o and maximal angle is 65o. The strata are interbedded Triassic Zagunao Formation metamorphic sandstone and slate with the dip slope angle of 45°. Based on high-resolution satellite remote sensing image, UAV image, DEM data, and field investigation, failure mechanism, travel features, and deposit characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that this landslide was influenced by Songpinggou Fault zone. According to the topography before the failure, the landslide is located in the back scarp of an antecedent landslide induced by Diexi Earthquake in 1933. The bedding slope provided potential rupture surface. Historical seismic activities and long-term gravitational deformation caused rock mass accumulated damages. Weathering and precipitation weakened the rock mass and finally induced shearing and tension failure. A huge block detached from the top rock slope, pushed the past landslide deposits in the middle part, rushed out of the slope bottom in a high velocity and buried the Xinmo Village. The rapid movement entrained and brought the soil into the Songping Gully which recoiled with and bounced back from the opposite mountain.

Study of the engineering geologic feature of weathering zone of bedrock in 810 producing area of Luling Mine

For a safe extracting of the mine resource of the razor thin capping rock, a study of waterproof, sand prevention, roof fall prevention must be made. As a result, it’s necessary to master the engineering feature of weathering zone of bedrock. According to the lithology appraisal and X diffract analyses, the mineral feature of weathering zone of bedrock in 810 producing area has been studied in this article. By testing the physical mechanics index of weathering zone, we have found out some features of physical mechanic quality. Utilizing the determined result of viscosity index and slaking test, we reach a conclusion of the water stability of weathering zone, that is the weathering zone rock belongs to the type that is easily slaked when encountered water and the water stability is weak.

Micromineralogy of ＂Black Shale＂ Disseminated- Sulphide Gold Ore Deposits of the Ayan-Yuryakh Anticlinorium （North-East of Russia）

The results of investigation of micromineralogy of disseminated-sulphide gold ore deposits of the Yana-Kolyma belt; the investigation was conducted via electron microscopy using a QEMSCAN （Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy） hardware and software instrument equipped with a Quantax quantitative analysis system. The following micro-mineral phases have been detected： native gold and silver, selenides of Au and Ag （naumanite and fishesserite （？）, hessite, sulfoarsenides of Ni and Co （gersdorffite, cobaltite, rammelsbergite）, molibdenite and platinum group minerals. Our findings in disseminated sulfide ores selenides of Au and Ag, and molybdenite, together with the findings of platinum group minerals and Ni and Co, emphasize the ＂black shale＂ specifics character of these types of deposits.

Experimental study on influence of coal structural anisotropy to gas permeation

Based on ＂true triaxial coal rock permeability of coal sample test system , the permeability under different gas pressure to coal specimen in bedding plane and the vertical bedding directions are tested. The results show that coal structural anisotropy has a greater impact on gas permeability properties, differences in experimental coal permeability are roughly one order of magnitude. In view of the differences of the gas flow characteristics in the coal bedding plane and vertical bedding, established series and parallel choked flow model of coal sample gas seepage, and made a theoretical analysis to the influences of the bedding structure to gas permeability properties.

Identification of an Early–Middle Jurassic oxidized magmatic belt,south Gangdese,Tibet,and geological implications

The south Gangdese region is the site of subduction of the Neo-Tethys and subsequent continental col- lision. Compared with widespread Cretaceous and Cenozoic magmatism, Early-Middle Jurassic magmatic rocks and related deposits are rarely reported, Our work identified a 〉200 km long felsic rock belt asso- ciated with Cu mineralization in the south Gangdese region. We report here zircon U-Pb ages, zircon Ce4＋/Ce3＋ values, and mineral assemblages of two Cu mineralized intrusions within the belt. A horn- blende granite and a diorite porphyry were emplaced at 177.3Ma and 166.3Ma, respectively. Geological occurrence and magmatic hematite-magnetite-chalcopyrite intergrowths suggest that Cu mineralization formed coeval with Jurassic intrusions. Mineralized intrusions have high zircon Ce4＋/ Ce3＋ and EuN/EuN ratios, and hematite-magnetite intergrowths, suggesting their parent magmas were highly oxidized, Hornblende is common and primary fluid inclusions are found in titanite and apatite, indicating their parent magmas were water-saturated and exsotved volatile phases at early stage of rnag- matic evolution. Those magma characters contribute to the formation of porphyry Cu deposits. Given that majority subduction-related porphyry Cu systems have been eroded following uplift and denudation, the well-preserved Early-Middle Jurassic cu mineralized igneous rocks in south Gangdese are favorable prospecting targets for subduction-related porphyry Cu deposits.