山东海阳所麻粒岩向过渡榴辉岩转化的变质动力学过程及其构造意义

在山东半岛东南端的乳山海阳所，角闪岩和长英质片麻岩呈互层产出。在某些角闪岩层的中心残留有弱变形的麻粒岩和强变形的过渡榴辉岩（斜长石榴辉岩）团块。在弱变形的麻粒岩团块中发育有窄的（＜１ｃｍ）剪切条带。沿着这些剪切条带和在强变形过渡榴辉岩团块中，原麻粒岩被转化为含斜长石的过渡榴辉岩。变形和流体在这一转化过程中加速了元素扩散和迁移的速度，在变形强和有流体加入的部位麻粒岩向榴辉岩转化的程度明显增强。麻粒岩相矿物组合（Ｃｐｘ－Ⅰ＋Ｏｐｘ＋Ｐｌ－Ⅰ＋Ｈｂｌ－Ⅰ＋Ｇｒｔ－Ⅰ＋Ｉｌｍ）及其花岗变晶结构被完好地保存于弱变形的麻粒岩中，其矿物成分显示出０．８～０．９ＧＰａ和７８０℃～８３０℃的麻粒岩相变质条件。榴辉岩相叠加在麻粒岩中形成了一系列的环边状矿物和结构：环边状石榴石（Ｇｒｔ－Ⅱ）形成于麻粒岩相斜长石（Ｐｌ－Ⅰ）和暗色矿物（如Ｃｐｘ－Ⅰ、Ｏｐｘ和Ｈｂｌ－Ⅰ）的交界处，细粒石榴石（Ｇｒｔ－Ⅱ）、富钠单斜辉石（Ｃｐｘ－Ⅱ）和石英形成于麻粒岩相角闪石（Ｈｂｌ－Ⅰ）的外缘。同时榴辉岩相叠加造成麻粒岩相单斜辉石边缘钙契尔马克组份的降低和硬玉组份的升高。但在弱变形的麻粒岩中，麻粒岩相单斜辉石（Ｃｐｘ－Ⅰ）的外缘并无榴辉岩相单斜辉石?

胶东型金矿热隆-伸展成矿系统

胶东型金矿具有独特的成矿特征和成因机制,不同于国际已知金矿类型。为了深化认识控制矿床形成、变化和保存的地质要素及成矿过程,本文综合分析了胶东半岛晚中生代岩浆作用、构造活动和成矿特征及其构造背景,提出该区深部岩浆活动与地壳快速隆升及浅部变质核杂岩、张性断层、断陷盆地等伸展构造,共同控制了以Au为主的矿床成矿系列及成矿演化过程,谓之热隆-伸展成矿系统。阐明了晚中生代岩浆演化过程中的元素变化规律,发现了金矿化蚀变带中的低Ba、Sr含量异常及早白垩世胶东地壳中金丰度的显著变化,揭示了壳幔物质混合和伟德山型花岗岩岩浆活动对金成矿的贡献。认为这一成矿系统形成于古太平洋板块俯冲后撤的后俯冲伸展环境,由于软流圈上涌导致岩石圈地幔性质由富集向亏损转化,从而引起岩浆岩地球化学特征变化,地球化学元素重新调整,幔源含金流体与由重熔下地壳析出的壳源含金流体混合形成富金流体库,并产生贫金花岗岩。大规模岩浆活动为成矿元素的活化、迁移提供了热动力条件,上地壳伸展产生的断裂构造则为成矿元素聚集提供了良好空间。热隆-伸展成矿系统是中国东部晚中生代重要的成矿系统。

Prediction of rotary drilling penetration rate in iron ore oxides using rock engineering system

Prediction of the drilling penetration rate is one of the important parameters in mining operations. This parameter has a direct impact on the mine planning and cost of mining operations, Generally, effective parameters on the penetration rate is divided into two classes： rock mass properties and specifications of the machine, The chemical components of intact rock have a direct effect in determining rock mechan- ical properties, Theses parameters usually have not been investigated in any research on the rock drill- ability, In this study, physical and mechanical properties of iron ore were studied based on the amount of magnetite percent, According to the results of the tests, the effective parameters on the pen- etration rate of the rotary drilling machines were divided into three classes： specifications of the machi- nes, rock mass properties and chemical component of intact rock, Then, the rock drillahility was studied using rock engineering systems, The results showed that feed, rotation, rock mass index and iron oxide percent have important effect on penetration rate, Then a quadratic equation with 0,896 determination coefficient has been obtained, Also, the results showed that chemical components can he described as new parameters in rotary drill penetration rate,

Petrological evidence of kaolinite transformation to dawsonite

Clay minerals, especially authigene kaolinite, are abundant in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone from the Gudian and Qian＇an regions in the southern Songliao Basin. The relationship between dawsonite and kaolinite has been investigated based on drilling data from 50 wells in the Jilin Oil Field and petrological cbaracteristics analyses on 23 core samples from the Gudian and Qian＇an regions. The study revealed a negative relationship between the content of dawsonite and kaolinite, suggesting that kaolinite was replaced by the dawsonite. Combined with thermodynamics and geochemical analysis published previously, it is concluded that kaolinite is unstable under CO2-rich environments and can transform into dawsonite.

关于“岩石圈物质循环”一节试题的解题技巧

高中地理教学中，“岩石圈物质循环”这一内容抽象、学生不易理解，是教学的重、难点。从对历年高考题型的分析看，针对此内容的试题图形多样，学生理解起来难度较大。文章以教师多年一线教学经验为依据，对这一内容的解题思路进行了分析、概括，并阐述了相关解题技巧。

形成性评估驱动的教学评一致性课堂构建

形成性评估在基于教学评一体的课堂中,是教与学的纽带,其不仅可以评价教学设计和学习的有效性,还能促进学生合作学习与自我发展。通过形成性评估,教师能收集学生的学习需求和理解的信息,进而依据信息进行教学调整,并反馈给学生,助力其知识构建和深层理解。文章以湘教版高中地理教材选修性必修1第二章第一节“岩石圈物质循环”中“岩石转化”教学实践片段为例,进行了形成性评估驱动的教学评一体实践探索。