采用感官时间-强度法和高效液相色谱法对川渝地区7种青花椒原料的椒麻感官特征以及主要麻味物质组成及含量进行测定,并通过偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)对麻味物质组成含量及感官特性进行关联性分析。结果表...采用感官时间-强度法和高效液相色谱法对川渝地区7种青花椒原料的椒麻感官特征以及主要麻味物质组成及含量进行测定,并通过偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)对麻味物质组成含量及感官特性进行关联性分析。结果表明:青花椒的麻感具有先快速上升后缓慢下降的特征,100 s左右达到最大麻感强度。不同样品之间酰胺含量差异较大,含量分布范围为5505.77~8639.30 mg/100 g。PLSR结果表明青花椒麻感特性与酰胺物质组成关联密切,最大感官强度、持续时间(T_(tot))、曲线下面积与羟基-α-山椒素呈强正相关性,T_(tot)与羟基-ε-山椒素和羟基-β-山椒素呈强正相关性。不同产地青花椒在麻感特性和酰胺组成上存在差异,羟基-α-山椒素和花椒油素是不同青花椒样品麻感特性差异的关键物质。本研究旨在为后期川渝地区青花椒麻感品质评价提供基础数据参考和科学依据。展开更多
为研究CMIP6模式模拟川渝地区盛夏降水的能力,本文使用国家气象信息中心(NMIC)提供的川渝地区173个气象站点的日降水观测数据和第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)中三个全球气候模式(BCC-CSM2-MR、EC-Earth3和GFDL-ESM4)历史试验期间...为研究CMIP6模式模拟川渝地区盛夏降水的能力,本文使用国家气象信息中心(NMIC)提供的川渝地区173个气象站点的日降水观测数据和第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)中三个全球气候模式(BCC-CSM2-MR、EC-Earth3和GFDL-ESM4)历史试验期间的模拟数据,从时空分布方面定量评估三个模式对川渝地区盛夏降水特征的模拟能力。结果表明:1) 总体上,在盛夏川渝地区,CMIP6三个模式模拟的平均降水、强降水均偏弱,模拟的弱降水均偏强。2) 空间分布上,CMIP6模式在川渝地区盛夏降水的模拟能力受地形因素影响明显,普遍在地势较高地区模拟降水偏强,在地势较低地区模拟降水偏弱,整体而言,EC-Earth3、GFDL-ESM4模式模拟情况较好,BCC-CSM2-MR模式模拟情况相对较差。3) 在年际变化上,BCC-CSM2-MR模式模拟情况较好,EC-Earth3、GFDL-ESM4模式模拟情况相对较差。In order to study the ability of CMIP6 model to simulate summer precipitation in Sichuan-Chongqing area, In this paper, we use the daily precipitation observation data of 173 meteorological stations in Sichuan and Chongqing region provided by the National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) and the simulation data of three global climate models (BCCCSM2-MR, EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4) during the historical experiment of the Sixth International Coupled Model Comparison Program (CMIP6). The ability of the three models to simulate the characteristics of summer precipitation in Sichuan-Chongqing region was quantitatively evaluated from the aspect of temporal and spatial distribution. The results show as follows: 1) In general, the average precipitation and heavy precipitation simulated by CMIP6 models are weak, and the simulated weak precipitation is strong in the Chuan-Chongqing area in midsummer. 2) In terms of spatial distribution, the ability of CMIP6 model to simulate summer precipitation in Sichuan and Chongqing region is obviously affected by topographic factors, and the simulated precipitation is generally stronger in higher terrain areas and weaker in lower terrain areas. On the whole, the simulation results of EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4 models are better, the simulation of BCC-CSM2-MR model is relatively poor. 3) In terms of interannual variation, the simulation performance of BCC-CSM2-MR model is better, while the simulation performance of EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4 model is relatively poor.展开更多
文摘为研究CMIP6模式模拟川渝地区盛夏降水的能力,本文使用国家气象信息中心(NMIC)提供的川渝地区173个气象站点的日降水观测数据和第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)中三个全球气候模式(BCC-CSM2-MR、EC-Earth3和GFDL-ESM4)历史试验期间的模拟数据,从时空分布方面定量评估三个模式对川渝地区盛夏降水特征的模拟能力。结果表明:1) 总体上,在盛夏川渝地区,CMIP6三个模式模拟的平均降水、强降水均偏弱,模拟的弱降水均偏强。2) 空间分布上,CMIP6模式在川渝地区盛夏降水的模拟能力受地形因素影响明显,普遍在地势较高地区模拟降水偏强,在地势较低地区模拟降水偏弱,整体而言,EC-Earth3、GFDL-ESM4模式模拟情况较好,BCC-CSM2-MR模式模拟情况相对较差。3) 在年际变化上,BCC-CSM2-MR模式模拟情况较好,EC-Earth3、GFDL-ESM4模式模拟情况相对较差。In order to study the ability of CMIP6 model to simulate summer precipitation in Sichuan-Chongqing area, In this paper, we use the daily precipitation observation data of 173 meteorological stations in Sichuan and Chongqing region provided by the National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) and the simulation data of three global climate models (BCCCSM2-MR, EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4) during the historical experiment of the Sixth International Coupled Model Comparison Program (CMIP6). The ability of the three models to simulate the characteristics of summer precipitation in Sichuan-Chongqing region was quantitatively evaluated from the aspect of temporal and spatial distribution. The results show as follows: 1) In general, the average precipitation and heavy precipitation simulated by CMIP6 models are weak, and the simulated weak precipitation is strong in the Chuan-Chongqing area in midsummer. 2) In terms of spatial distribution, the ability of CMIP6 model to simulate summer precipitation in Sichuan and Chongqing region is obviously affected by topographic factors, and the simulated precipitation is generally stronger in higher terrain areas and weaker in lower terrain areas. On the whole, the simulation results of EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4 models are better, the simulation of BCC-CSM2-MR model is relatively poor. 3) In terms of interannual variation, the simulation performance of BCC-CSM2-MR model is better, while the simulation performance of EC-Earth3 and GFDL-ESM4 model is relatively poor.
