巢型硼烷的成键特征

本文在Ｌｉｐｓｃｏｍｂ的半拓扑图示和Ｗａｄｅ规则的基础上提出了巢型硼烷（ＢｎＨｎ＋４）及阴离子硼烷（ＢｎＨ４－ｎ）中各种化学键数目的计算公式。本文的计算值与文献值完全吻合。

Related Study on the Nm23-H1 Gene Expression in the Model of Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines with High Frequent Metastasis

Objective: To select the ovarian carcinoma cell lines with high frequent metastasis and study the association between nm23-H1 gene expression and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma. Methods: Each ovarian cancer cell line was transplanted subcutaneously into the flank of nude mice, and the metastatic behavior was evaluated by counting lung tumor foci at different time points. The metastatic tumors were cultured in vitro, then substrain was established and transplanted subcutaneously three times. The RNA level of nm23 in 8 human ovarian cancer cell lines were examined by northern-blot. Results: Of the 8 human ovarian cancer cell lines, 4 had high requent metastatic potentiality. The expression of nm23 RNA in human ovarian cancer cells was inversely related to metastatic behavior in the experimental animals (r=0.96, P=0.0001). Conclusion: The difference of the tendency of metastasis which was determined by genetic and molecular levels was significant among different type of cell lines and subtypes. The expression of nm23 mRNA in human ovarian carcinomas was correlated closely with the reduced metastatic behavior in experimental animals and may serve as a sensitive prognostic indicator for ovarian cancer.

Expression of HBsAg and HBcAg in the ovaries and ova of patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To investigate the expression and distribution of HBV in the ovaries and ova. METHODS： The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the HBsAg and HBcAg in the ovaries of patients with chronic hepatitis B. RESULTS： Expression of HBsAg in the ova, granular and interstitial cells of the ovaries was located in the cytomembrane and cytoplasm. Expression of HBcAg in the ova, granular, interstitial and endothelial cells of interstitial blood vessels of the ovaries was found in the cytomembrane, cytoplasm, and nuclei. CONCLUSION： HBV can infect the ova at different stages of development and replicate in it. 2005 The W3G Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

CAUSES AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR CHAOHU LAKESHORE COLLAPSE

By interpreting the remote sensing data of aerial photos and satellite images in different time, combining with field investigation, landform and water level observation, collecting data of weather, hydrology in Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province from 1957 to 2003, the reasons for collapse of Chaohu lakeshore were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) The collapse of the Chaohu lakeshore is controlled macroscopically by two sets of north-east and the north-west faults, and the degree of collapse is determined microcosmically by lithology. 2) The constant change of water level, resulting from precipitation, wind speed and its direction, is one of the main reasons for intermittence collapse. 3) The soil and water loss or mud and sand filling up, resulting from artificial factors, such as inconsequence control of Chaohu sluice or irrational agricultural and industrial activities, etc., can uplift the lake′s bed and drive water level up. The high water level also results in the collapse. Judging from the above mentioned reasons for the collapse, we have proposed some countermeasures: 1) Putting the lakeshore slope protection project such as stone and cement mortar into practice, and upstream slope should be 1∶2.5 or 1∶3, some parts of them should be 1∶4, if they were not stable. The back slope, which is from Gui Mountain to Zhongmiao Temple, should be 1∶1.5-1∶3. 2) Constructing a greenbelt for the lakeshore, planting some vegetation such as osier, bulrush and poplar, to resist waves between the high and the low water level. 3) Controlling Chaohu Lake water level scientifically. Corrosion of lakeshore that contains gravel clay and ferruginous-manganese concretionary structures, can decrease at low water level. 4) Renovating Chaohu Lake drainage area, strengthening the administration and supervision, breaking regionalism and establishing special administration organization.

lncRNA HOST2、miR-181a在卵巢上皮癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨非编码长链RNA人卵巢癌特异性转录本2(lncRNA HOST2)和miR-181a在卵巢上皮癌(EOC)中的表达及临床意义。方法收集2017年1月至2018年6月期间72例EOC患者和60例良性卵巢肿瘤患者行外科手术后的新鲜组织,液氮保存。采用实时荧光定量PCR(QPCR)检测组织中HOST2和miR-181a表达,分析两者表达及其与EOC临床病理特征的关系。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价HOST2和miR-181a诊断EOC的效能。结果与良性卵巢肿瘤组织比较,EOC中HOST2在表达水平为1.261±0.436,miR-181a的表达水平为0.768±0.271,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,EOC组织中HOST2和miR-181a表达呈负相关性(r=-0.530,P<0.001)。HOST2和miR-181a诊断EOC的AUC分别为0.643(95%CI:0.548~0.739,P=0.005)和0.687(95%CI:0.595~0.779,P=0.001),联合诊断的AUC为0.739(95%CI:0.653~0.824,P=0.001)。HOST2表达与FIGO分期和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),miR-181a表达与肿瘤直径、FIGO分期和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。结论EOC中HOST2表达上调,miR-181a表达下调,两者联合检测可提高EOC的诊断率。

A niche model to predict Microcystis bloom decline in Chaohu Lake, China

Cyanobacterial blooms occur frequently in lakes due to eutrophication. Although a number of models have been proposed to forecast algal blooms, a good and applicable method is still lacking. This study explored a simple and effective mathematical-ecological model to evaluate the growth status and predict the population dynamics of Microcystis blooms. In this study, phytoplankton were collected and identified from 8 sampling sites in Chaohu Lake every month from July to October, 2010. The niche breadth and niche overlap of common species were calculated using standard equations, and the potential relative growth rates of Microcystis were calculated as a weighted-value of niche overlap. In July, the potential relative growth rate was 2.79 (a.u., arbitrary units) but then rapidly declined in the following months to -3.99 a.u. in September. A significant correlation (R=0.998, P<0.01) was found in the model between the net-increase in biomass of Microcystis in the field and the predicted values calculated by the niche model, we concluded that the niche model is suitable for forecasting the dynamics of Microcystis blooms. Redundancy analysis indicated that decreases in water temperature, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved phosphorus might be major factors underlying bloom decline. Based on the theory of community succession being caused by resource competition, the growth and decline of blooms can be predicted from a community structure. This may provide a basis for early warning and control of algal blooms.

Extreme points of norm closed nest algebra modules

Suppose that U is a norm closed nest algebra module. Using the characterization of rank one operators in U⊥, a complete description of the extreme points of the unit ball U1 is given.

Establishment of orthotopic impact/metastasis model of human ovary cancer in nude mice

Objective: To establish a patient-like human ovary carcinoma /spontaneous metastasis model using orthotopic transplanation of histologically intact tumor tissue. Methods: An highly metastatic ovarian tumor line (HO-8910PM: Human serum carcinoma of the ovary )previously grown substaneously was transplanted into the ovicapsule using microsurgery technique .Histologically intact human ovary tumor pieces gained from implantation site were passaged between ovicapsules for four generations. Results: All mice developed ovary tumors and the metastatic rates were about 75%. The tumors only metastasized to liver but no other organs. The earliest appearance of metastasis was 14 d and the average survival period was 20.7±4.89 d.The microscopic appearance of the metastases was similar to the tumor observed in the substaneous xenografts and orthotopically transplanted. Chromosomes analysis exhibited the feature of human carcinoma and retained genetic stability during the processes of passage. Conclusion: Orthotopic implanation provides a suitable micro-enviroment in which ovarian cancer can express its intrinsic clinically-relevant properties. This approach is relevant to the spontaneous development of ovarian cancer and is thought to be a useful model for studies of metastatic mechanism and therapy for ovary cancer.

Inference of Reference Conditions for Nutrient Concentrations of Chaohu Lake Based on Model Extrapolation

In the mid-eastern China,there are few or no lakes which are in the absence of anthropogenic disturbances,or their sediments remain undisturbed.As a result,the reference lakes distribution and paleolimnological reconstruction approaches usually are inappropriate to estimate lake reference conditions for nutrients.This yields the necessity of using the extrapolation methods to estimate the lake reference conditions for nutrients within those regions.The lake reference conditions for nutrients could be inferred inversely from the law of mass conservation,current lake nutrient concentration,and the loadings from watershed.Considering the scarcity of hydrological and water quality data associated with lakes and watersheds in China,as well as the low requirement of the watershed nutrient loadings models for these data,the soil conservation service(SCS) distributed hydrological model and the universal soil loss equation(USLE) were applied.The SCS model simulates the runoff process of the watershed,thereby calculating dissolved nutrients annually.The USLE estimates the soil erosion and particulate nutrients annually in a watershed.Then,with the loadings from atmospheric deposition and point source,the previous annual average nutrient concentrations could be acquired given the current nutrient concentrations in a lake.Therefore,the nutrient reference conditions minimally impacted by human activities could be estimated.Based on the proposed model,the reference conditions for total nitrogen and total phosphorus of Chaohu Lake,Anhui Province,China are 0.031 mg/L and 0.640 mg/L,respectively.The proposed reference conditions estimation model is of clear physical concept,and less data required.Thus,the proposed approach can be used in other lakes with similar circumstances.

Characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of hepatic metastasis of pure immature ovarian teratoma

Objective To analyze the characteristics of hepatic metastasis of pure immature ovarian teratoma and explore its proper diagnosis and treatment.Methods Eighteen cases of hepatic metastasis of pure immature ovarian teratoma were included in this study. The clinical stage, operation, chemotherapy and histopathology of primary and secondary tumors as well as the data from long term follow-ups were analyzed retrospectively,Results All of the hepatic metastatic tumors were located on the surface of the liver. 61.1％ (11/18) of them were clinical stage Ⅲ and 44.4％ (8/18) were grade 1 at first operation. The hepatic metastatic rate was 16.7％ (3/18) in the standard adjuvant chemotherapy group but increased markedly to 31.2％ (15/48) in the irregular chemotherapy group. Auxiliary diagnostic methods could not indicate the correct results. The surgical resection rate of hepatic metastasis of pure immature ovarian teratoma was 94.4％ (17/18). There were less complications in the group with tumor diameter less than 15 cm. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 205 months with a mean of 20.9 months. The 3-year-survival rate was 77.8％ (14/ 18), and mortality rate was 22.2％. The 5- and 10-year-survival rate was 55.6％ (10/18) and 38.9％ (7/18), respectively. The rate of loss in follow-up was 22.2％ (4/18) and 38.9％ (7/18), respectively, and one patient has survived for more than 17 years.Conclusions The hepatic metastatic rate of pure immature ovarian teratoma could be decreased using standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Suitable surgical treatment could reduce complications and improve the prognosis for patients.

Analysis of 20 mature ovarian cystic teratoma cases in postmenopausal women

Objective To study the incidence of malignant change, diagnosis and management of mature cystic teratomas in postmenopausal women.Methods Twenty cases of mature cystic teratoma in postmenopausal women admitted to our hospital between January 1977 and January 1997 was retrospectively reviewed and evaluated.Results The number of postmenopausal patients with mature cystic teratoma (20) accounted for 7.6% of the total number of patients with benign ovarian teratomas (263). There were 3 cases of malignant change, which were squamous carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and digestive gland epithelial carcinoma. The incidence of malignant change was 15%.Conclusion In postmenopausal women, mature ovarian cystic teratoma should be treated as lowly malignant and should be paid much attention.

A fractional-order multifunctional n-step honeycomb RLC circuit network

We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of functions, such as a regular ladder network and a triangular network. We derive two new formulae for equivalent resistance in the resistor network and equivalent impedance in the LC network, which are in the fractional-order domain. First, we simplify the complex network into a simple equivalent model. Second, using Kirchhoff＇s laws, we establish a fractional difference equation. Third, we construct an equivalent transformation method to obtain a general solution for the nonlinear differential equation. In practical applications, several interesting special results are obtained. In particular, an n-step impedance LC network is discussed and many new char- acteristics of complex impedance have been found.

Retrospective analysis of 67 consecutive cases of pure ovarian immature teratoma

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT). METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 patients with stage I, 4 with stage II, 2 with stage III and 1 with stage IV lesions. Twenty-seven patients had recurrences and 2 had distant metastases. Unilateral adnexectomy was performed for stage I lesions. From the 1980s, this was followed by four-cycles of combination chemotherapy (VAC, PVB or BEP x 3 cycles) as post-operative adjuvant therapy. Combined chemotherapy and multiple operations were performed for advanced and recurrent lesions. RESULTS: The overall survival rate was 75% (50/67). However, there was a remarkable difference in the results from the various periods. From 1958 to 1983, the 5-year survival rate was 40% (6/15), and it was raised to 79% (26/33) from 1984 to 1993. In the period 1994 to 1998, 95% (18/19)of patients were rescued. Thirty-five patients who had early lesions (stage I and II) had a 5-year survival rate of 91.4% (32/35). Thirty-two patients with recurrent or advanced lesions had a 5-years survival rate of 56% (18/32). There were 8 patients with grade III tumors and their 5-year survival rate was only 25% (2/8). The chief prognostic factors for this disease are clinical stage, pathological grade and adequate treatment. CONCLUSION: POIT is a potentially curable disease in today's practice. It is characterized by the fact that recurrent tumors may be converted back to mature ones as time goes on. With chemotherapy, these is a good opportunity to rescue those patients with recurrent tumors. At present, treatment of POIT gives the most satisfactory results among all malignant ovarian germ cell tumor types. Tests of serum specific tumor markers (CA19-9, AFP, CA125, CEA) performed preoperatively or before chemotherapy and during follow-up have been found helpful in the evaluation of prognosis.

Comparative observation of the effect of electroacupuncture combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion and western medicine for premature ovarian failure

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between electroacupuncture combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion and western medicine for treatment of premature ovarian failure. Methods Eighty patients were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion group（group A, n=40） and a western medicine group（group B, n=40）. Zǐgōng（子宫 EX-CA 1）, Xuèhǎi（血海 SP 10）, Gānshū（肝俞 BL 18） and Shènshū（肾俞 BL 23） were selected in group A, and acupuncture combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion were carried out. Climen was taken orally in group B. The score changes of menstrual cycle, tidal fever and sweatiness, emotional excitement, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, as well as the cured and markedly effective rate of the patients in the two groups before and after two courses of treatment were compared. Results The cured and markedly effective rate of group A was 72.5%（29/40）, which was superior to that of group B（37.5%, 15/40）（ P〈0.05）. The symptom scores were improved significantly in the two groups after treatment（all P〈0.05）, and the improvement in group A was superior to that in group B（all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion is superior to that of conventional western medicine in treatment of premature ovarian failure.

Ovarian Cancer Screening Based on Mixture Change-Point Model

Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly female genital malignant tumors in many regions while an effective early screening strategy can save numerous lives.CA125 and HE4 are tumor markers validated efficacious as well as most commonly used in recent screening research of ovarian cancer.In this paper,the authors construct a change-point and mixture model on the basis of longitudinal CA125 and HE4 levels and estimated parameters using maximum likelihood method with the preclinical duration assumed right-censored,which is more adaptive and yields comparable results in comparison to the Bayesian approach raised by Skates.Consistency of estimators is proved.The authors also run a 5-year simulation of sequential screening by calculating the risk of cancer and hypothesis testing the true incidence time respectively.Results show that diagnosis based on hypothesis test performs better in early detection.

Retrospective analysis of 67 consecutive cases of pure ovarian immature teratoma

To investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT) Methods Sixty seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed There were 31 patients with stage Ⅰ, 4 with stage Ⅱ, 2 with stage Ⅲ and 1 with stage Ⅳ lesions Twenty seven patients had recurrences and 2 had distant metastases Unilateral adnexectomy was performed for stage Ⅰ lesions From the 1980s, this was followed by four cycles of combination chemotherapy (VAC, PVB or BEP×3 cycles) as post operative adjuvant therapy Combined chemotherapy and multiple operations were performed for advanced and recurrent lesions Results The overall survival rate was 75% (50/67) However, there was a remarkable difference in the results from the various periods From 1958 to 1983, the 5 year survival rate was 40% (6/15), and it was raised to 79% (26/33) from 1984 to 1993 In the period 1994 to 1998, 95% (18/19)of patients were rescued Thirty five patients who had early lesions (stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ) had a 5 year survival rate of 91 4% (32/35) Thirty two patients with recurrent or advanced lesions had a 5 years survival rate of 56% (18/32) There were 8 patients with grade Ⅲ tumors and their 5 year survival rate was only 25% (2/8) The chief prognostic factors for this disease are clinical stage, pathological grade and adequate treatment Conclusion POIT is a potentially curable disease in today’s practice It is characterized by the fact that recurrent tumors may be converted back to mature ones as time goes on With chemotherapy, these is a good opportunity to rescue those patients with recurrent tumors At present, treatment of POIT gives the most satisfactory results among all malignant ovarian germ cell tumor types Tests of serum specific tumor markers (CA19 9, AFP, CA125, CEA) performed preoperatively or before chemotherapy and during follow up have been found helpful in the evaluation of prognosis