Suppose that U is a norm closed nest algebra module. Using the characterization of rank one operators in U⊥, a complete description of the extreme points of the unit ball U1 is given.
Animal populations,with a known history of introduction events,provide opportunities to study the dynamics of how rapid shi s in ecological context a ect behavioral(e.g.,responses to brood parasitism) and life-history...Animal populations,with a known history of introduction events,provide opportunities to study the dynamics of how rapid shi s in ecological context a ect behavioral(e.g.,responses to brood parasitism) and life-history(e.g.,clutch and egg parameters) traits.We studied the European Green nch(Carduelis chloris) introduced to New Zealand,regarding foreign-egg rejection behaviors and also compared their clutch characteristics with data from the source populations in the United Kingdom.Although previously this species had been considered an unsuitable host for the Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus),and not impacted by selection pressure associated with brood parasitism,we found that Green nches in our study population were able to eject experimental eggs at low frequencies.In contrast,nest desertion rates were similar in experimentally parasitized and control unmanipulated nests,implying that nest desertion is not an antiparasite adaptation in this species.Contrary to previous studies,we did not nd signi cant di erences in clutch and egg sizes between introduced and source populations.is study emphasizes(1) the importance of using control treatments in studies of host responses to experimental parasitism,(2) including apparently unsuitable hosts of brood parasites,and(3) meta-replicating prior studies to further the process of gaining and validating scienti c knowledge.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the clinical significance of platelet （PLT） count in epithelial ovarian cancer, and to investigate the correlation between thrombocytosis and the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Meth...Objective： To evaluate the clinical significance of platelet （PLT） count in epithelial ovarian cancer, and to investigate the correlation between thrombocytosis and the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods： We evaluated 220 epithelial ovarian tumor patients divided into early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group （n = 80）, advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group （n = 50） and benign ovarian tumor group （n = 90） as controls, who underwent primary surgical treatment. Three groups were evaluated with the relationship between platelet counts and preoperative and postoperative CA125, histopathology, abdominal edema, residual tumor, and lymph node metastasis. Epithelial ovarian cancer patients were evaluated whether platelet count was decreased after surgery. Results： The mean platelet counts were （234.55 ± 71.51）× 10^9/L in the early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, （308.12±111.95）× 10^9/L in the advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, and （206.28± 52.62） × 10^9/L in the benign ovarian tumor group, with a significant difference among the 3 groups （P 〈 0.05）. In the early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, the platelet count was correlated with histopathology. In the advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, there was a correlation between thrombocytosis and the incidence of that residual tumor diameter was greater than 2 cm. But there was no relationship between platelet count and histopathology, CA125, abdominal edema, or lymph node metastasis. In general the platelet count was decreased after surgery. Conclusion： An increased platelet count is commonly seen in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, but it usually decreases after surgery. Patients with thrombocytosis have poor prognosis. Platelet count can be used as a marker for the development and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the relationship between purple-bluish tongue and platelet counts, and further to examine their associations with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.METHODS： A total of 82 epithelial ...OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the relationship between purple-bluish tongue and platelet counts, and further to examine their associations with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.METHODS： A total of 82 epithelial ovarian cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Cluster analysis was used for grouping patients＇ P_（RGB）（Red-R;Green-G; Blue-B; Average percentage of RGB, P_（RGB））values. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was performed for detecting the diagnostic standard of purple-bluish tongue. χ~2 test was used to assess the relationship between purple-bluishtongue and platelet counts, and the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer. The perioperative（preoperative） platelet level was examinedwith tongue image and disease recurrence.RESULTS： Tongue images were classified into two groups basing on P_（RGB） values of images by cluster analysis. The numbers of cases in cluster ＂1＂（normal color tongue） was 16 and cluster ＂2＂（purple-bluish tongue） was 66. Two groups of P_（RGB） values, classified by cluster analysis, were significantly correlated with vision-based tongue color recognition（Kappa = 0.852, P 0.001）. ROC curve showed that the ratio of P_B to PRhad the highest diagnostic value. The sensitivity and the specificity of the ratio of P_B to P_R were 95.3% and 88.9% respectively and the optimal cut-off point was 0.71. Purple-bluish tongue was significantly correlated with increased platelet counts（P 0.001）. Both the increased platelet counts（P = 0.01） and purple-bluish tongue were associated with recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer（P 0.001）.CONCLUSION： The ratio of P_B to P_R greater than 0.71 could serve as an indicator for purple-bluish tongue diagnosing used in symptom pattern identification in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Purple-bluish tongue, associated with increased platelet counts, was also closely correlated with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.展开更多
We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of fun...We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of functions, such as a regular ladder network and a triangular network. We derive two new formulae for equivalent resistance in the resistor network and equivalent impedance in the LC network, which are in the fractional-order domain. First, we simplify the complex network into a simple equivalent model. Second, using Kirchhoff＇s laws, we establish a fractional difference equation. Third, we construct an equivalent transformation method to obtain a general solution for the nonlinear differential equation. In practical applications, several interesting special results are obtained. In particular, an n-step impedance LC network is discussed and many new char- acteristics of complex impedance have been found.展开更多
Let N and M be nests on Banach spaces X and Y over the real or complex field F, respectively, with the property that if M ∈ M such that M_ =M, then M is complemented in Y. Let AlgN and AlgM be the associated nest alg...Let N and M be nests on Banach spaces X and Y over the real or complex field F, respectively, with the property that if M ∈ M such that M_ =M, then M is complemented in Y. Let AlgN and AlgM be the associated nest algebras. Assume that Ф ： AlgN → AlgM is a bijective map. It is proved that, if dim X = ∞ and if there is a nontrivial element in N which is complemented in X, then Ф is Lie multiplicative （i.e. Ф（[A, B]） = [Ф（A）, Ф（B）] for all A, B ∈ AlgN） if and only if Ф has the form Ф（A） = TAT^-1 ＋ τ（A） for all A ∈ AlgAN or Ф（A） = -TA^＊T^-1 ＋ τ（A） for all A ∈ AlgN, where T is an invertible linear or conjugate linear operator and τ ： AlgN →FI is a map with τ（[A, B]） = 0 for all A, B ∈ AlgN. The Lie multiplicative maps are also characterized for the case dim X 〈 ∞.展开更多
Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly female genital malignant tumors in many regions while an effective early screening strategy can save numerous lives.CA125 and HE4 are tumor markers validated efficacious as wel...Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly female genital malignant tumors in many regions while an effective early screening strategy can save numerous lives.CA125 and HE4 are tumor markers validated efficacious as well as most commonly used in recent screening research of ovarian cancer.In this paper,the authors construct a change-point and mixture model on the basis of longitudinal CA125 and HE4 levels and estimated parameters using maximum likelihood method with the preclinical duration assumed right-censored,which is more adaptive and yields comparable results in comparison to the Bayesian approach raised by Skates.Consistency of estimators is proved.The authors also run a 5-year simulation of sequential screening by calculating the risk of cancer and hypothesis testing the true incidence time respectively.Results show that diagnosis based on hypothesis test performs better in early detection.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the meridian and acupoint-selection patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by data mining technique,for exploring acupoints that could be effective for...Objective:To analyze the meridian and acupoint-selection patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by data mining technique,for exploring acupoints that could be effective for PCOS and providing suggestion and reference in selecting acupoints for the acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS.Methods:Literatures related to the acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS published before April 2018 were collected.By a self-made data mining program developed using Microsoft Excel 2007,a database of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS was then established.The correlation analysis was performed for the frequency of use of acupoints and acupoint groups.Cluster analysis was also conducted.Results:A total of 92 articles were recruited finally.Sanyinjiao (SP 6),Conception Vessel and chest-abdomen region ranked the top on the list of the most frequently used acupoints,meridians and regions,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the acupoint group with the highest confidence was Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36),and the group with the highest support was Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4).Cluster analysis revealed five effective clusters:Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6);Zhongwan (CV 12) and Tianshu (ST 25);Zhongji (CV 3),Zusanli (ST 36) and Qihai (CV 6);Xuehai (SP 10),Shenshu (BL 23),Taichong (LR 3) and Guilai (ST 29);Ganshu (BL 18),Taixi (KI 3),Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Pishu (BL 20).Conclusion:According to the confidence and support report,Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36) or Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4) are recommended in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS,with adjunct points selected for different patterns,e.g.Zhongwan (CV 12) and Tianshu (ST 25) for tonifying spleen and expelling dampness;Zhongji (CV 3) and Qihai (CV 6) for supplementing qi and cultivating blood;Xuehai (SP 10),Shenshu (BL 23),Taichong (LR 3) and Guilai (ST 29) for tonifying kidney and dissolving stasis;Ganshu (BL 18),Taixi (KI 3),Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Pishu (BL 20) for tonifying kidney and spleen and regulating liver.展开更多
文摘Suppose that U is a norm closed nest algebra module. Using the characterization of rank one operators in U⊥, a complete description of the extreme points of the unit ball U1 is given.
基金supported by Human Frontier Science Program awards (RGY69/07 to TG,PC,and MEH and RGY86/12 to TG and MEH)
文摘Animal populations,with a known history of introduction events,provide opportunities to study the dynamics of how rapid shi s in ecological context a ect behavioral(e.g.,responses to brood parasitism) and life-history(e.g.,clutch and egg parameters) traits.We studied the European Green nch(Carduelis chloris) introduced to New Zealand,regarding foreign-egg rejection behaviors and also compared their clutch characteristics with data from the source populations in the United Kingdom.Although previously this species had been considered an unsuitable host for the Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus),and not impacted by selection pressure associated with brood parasitism,we found that Green nches in our study population were able to eject experimental eggs at low frequencies.In contrast,nest desertion rates were similar in experimentally parasitized and control unmanipulated nests,implying that nest desertion is not an antiparasite adaptation in this species.Contrary to previous studies,we did not nd signi cant di erences in clutch and egg sizes between introduced and source populations.is study emphasizes(1) the importance of using control treatments in studies of host responses to experimental parasitism,(2) including apparently unsuitable hosts of brood parasites,and(3) meta-replicating prior studies to further the process of gaining and validating scienti c knowledge.
文摘Objective： To evaluate the clinical significance of platelet （PLT） count in epithelial ovarian cancer, and to investigate the correlation between thrombocytosis and the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods： We evaluated 220 epithelial ovarian tumor patients divided into early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group （n = 80）, advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group （n = 50） and benign ovarian tumor group （n = 90） as controls, who underwent primary surgical treatment. Three groups were evaluated with the relationship between platelet counts and preoperative and postoperative CA125, histopathology, abdominal edema, residual tumor, and lymph node metastasis. Epithelial ovarian cancer patients were evaluated whether platelet count was decreased after surgery. Results： The mean platelet counts were （234.55 ± 71.51）× 10^9/L in the early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, （308.12±111.95）× 10^9/L in the advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, and （206.28± 52.62） × 10^9/L in the benign ovarian tumor group, with a significant difference among the 3 groups （P 〈 0.05）. In the early stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, the platelet count was correlated with histopathology. In the advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer group, there was a correlation between thrombocytosis and the incidence of that residual tumor diameter was greater than 2 cm. But there was no relationship between platelet count and histopathology, CA125, abdominal edema, or lymph node metastasis. In general the platelet count was decreased after surgery. Conclusion： An increased platelet count is commonly seen in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, but it usually decreases after surgery. Patients with thrombocytosis have poor prognosis. Platelet count can be used as a marker for the development and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.
基金the National Science Foundation of China(Inhibitory Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides/Sulfated Polypeptides from Softenning Indurated Mass Herbs on Tumor Associated Fibroblast,No.81173376)New Century Excellent Talent(No.NCET-11-1068)
文摘OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the relationship between purple-bluish tongue and platelet counts, and further to examine their associations with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.METHODS： A total of 82 epithelial ovarian cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Cluster analysis was used for grouping patients＇ P_（RGB）（Red-R;Green-G; Blue-B; Average percentage of RGB, P_（RGB））values. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was performed for detecting the diagnostic standard of purple-bluish tongue. χ~2 test was used to assess the relationship between purple-bluishtongue and platelet counts, and the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer. The perioperative（preoperative） platelet level was examinedwith tongue image and disease recurrence.RESULTS： Tongue images were classified into two groups basing on P_（RGB） values of images by cluster analysis. The numbers of cases in cluster ＂1＂（normal color tongue） was 16 and cluster ＂2＂（purple-bluish tongue） was 66. Two groups of P_（RGB） values, classified by cluster analysis, were significantly correlated with vision-based tongue color recognition（Kappa = 0.852, P 0.001）. ROC curve showed that the ratio of P_B to PRhad the highest diagnostic value. The sensitivity and the specificity of the ratio of P_B to P_R were 95.3% and 88.9% respectively and the optimal cut-off point was 0.71. Purple-bluish tongue was significantly correlated with increased platelet counts（P 0.001）. Both the increased platelet counts（P = 0.01） and purple-bluish tongue were associated with recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer（P 0.001）.CONCLUSION： The ratio of P_B to P_R greater than 0.71 could serve as an indicator for purple-bluish tongue diagnosing used in symptom pattern identification in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Purple-bluish tongue, associated with increased platelet counts, was also closely correlated with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.
基金Project supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Science Foundation （No. BK20161278）
文摘We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of functions, such as a regular ladder network and a triangular network. We derive two new formulae for equivalent resistance in the resistor network and equivalent impedance in the LC network, which are in the fractional-order domain. First, we simplify the complex network into a simple equivalent model. Second, using Kirchhoff＇s laws, we establish a fractional difference equation. Third, we construct an equivalent transformation method to obtain a general solution for the nonlinear differential equation. In practical applications, several interesting special results are obtained. In particular, an n-step impedance LC network is discussed and many new char- acteristics of complex impedance have been found.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10871111)Tian Yuan Foundation of China (Grant No. 11026161)Foundation of Shanxi University
文摘Let N and M be nests on Banach spaces X and Y over the real or complex field F, respectively, with the property that if M ∈ M such that M_ =M, then M is complemented in Y. Let AlgN and AlgM be the associated nest algebras. Assume that Ф ： AlgN → AlgM is a bijective map. It is proved that, if dim X = ∞ and if there is a nontrivial element in N which is complemented in X, then Ф is Lie multiplicative （i.e. Ф（[A, B]） = [Ф（A）, Ф（B）] for all A, B ∈ AlgN） if and only if Ф has the form Ф（A） = TAT^-1 ＋ τ（A） for all A ∈ AlgAN or Ф（A） = -TA^＊T^-1 ＋ τ（A） for all A ∈ AlgN, where T is an invertible linear or conjugate linear operator and τ ： AlgN →FI is a map with τ（[A, B]） = 0 for all A, B ∈ AlgN. The Lie multiplicative maps are also characterized for the case dim X 〈 ∞.
基金supported by the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No.20090001110005the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11171007
文摘Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly female genital malignant tumors in many regions while an effective early screening strategy can save numerous lives.CA125 and HE4 are tumor markers validated efficacious as well as most commonly used in recent screening research of ovarian cancer.In this paper,the authors construct a change-point and mixture model on the basis of longitudinal CA125 and HE4 levels and estimated parameters using maximum likelihood method with the preclinical duration assumed right-censored,which is more adaptive and yields comparable results in comparison to the Bayesian approach raised by Skates.Consistency of estimators is proved.The authors also run a 5-year simulation of sequential screening by calculating the risk of cancer and hypothesis testing the true incidence time respectively.Results show that diagnosis based on hypothesis test performs better in early detection.
基金the Project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题,201840307)The Research Project of Autonomous Selection of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(中国中医科学院自主选题研究项目,ZZKF08002)Shanghai Academic Community of Leading Talents in Chinese Medicine.
文摘Objective:To analyze the meridian and acupoint-selection patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by data mining technique,for exploring acupoints that could be effective for PCOS and providing suggestion and reference in selecting acupoints for the acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS.Methods:Literatures related to the acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS published before April 2018 were collected.By a self-made data mining program developed using Microsoft Excel 2007,a database of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS was then established.The correlation analysis was performed for the frequency of use of acupoints and acupoint groups.Cluster analysis was also conducted.Results:A total of 92 articles were recruited finally.Sanyinjiao (SP 6),Conception Vessel and chest-abdomen region ranked the top on the list of the most frequently used acupoints,meridians and regions,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the acupoint group with the highest confidence was Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36),and the group with the highest support was Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4).Cluster analysis revealed five effective clusters:Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6);Zhongwan (CV 12) and Tianshu (ST 25);Zhongji (CV 3),Zusanli (ST 36) and Qihai (CV 6);Xuehai (SP 10),Shenshu (BL 23),Taichong (LR 3) and Guilai (ST 29);Ganshu (BL 18),Taixi (KI 3),Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Pishu (BL 20).Conclusion:According to the confidence and support report,Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36) or Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4) are recommended in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PCOS,with adjunct points selected for different patterns,e.g.Zhongwan (CV 12) and Tianshu (ST 25) for tonifying spleen and expelling dampness;Zhongji (CV 3) and Qihai (CV 6) for supplementing qi and cultivating blood;Xuehai (SP 10),Shenshu (BL 23),Taichong (LR 3) and Guilai (ST 29) for tonifying kidney and dissolving stasis;Ganshu (BL 18),Taixi (KI 3),Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Pishu (BL 20) for tonifying kidney and spleen and regulating liver.
