从马克思的社会发展理论看英国工业革命的发生机理--兼谈改革开放时期中国工业发展的历史经验

马克思基于实践人本主义的社会发展理论,把人类社会看作生命有机体,并从人的实践理论、劳动异化理论和历史唯物主义三个维度对它的发生机理和发育发展原理进行把握。在此理论分析框架内,英国工业革命的发生机理可得到合理说明。随着欧洲市场的发育、深化和世界性扩张,社会分工的细化和大众消费的持续增长,引发了大众商品的规模化生产需要,形成了市场需要跟生产能力不足的矛盾,这种矛盾运动孕育了技术革新的内在需要,这是工业革命首先发生在英国的根本原因。英国工业革命的历史经验和中国工业化道路表明,一个国家要实现赶超式发展,必须要有生产力的迅速发展,而生产力的发展又取决于大众消费需求的拉动,而在“世界历史”时代,对生产和需求的考察,都必须着眼于国际性分工和经济关系。

新中国成立以来我国工业化发展历程和历史经验

回望1949年新中国成立以来的共和国历史,工业成长和工业化始终是不变的主题,新中国成立70多年来的砥砺奋进史,亦是一部中华民族追求实现国家工业化的创业奋进史。本文对新中国成立以来我国工业化的历程和经验进行了总结和概括,对理解中国道路、贡献中国智慧具有一定意义。

Empirical Analysis on the Relation Between Electronic Industry Development and Energy Consumption

Data from 1996 to 2012 is used to conduct co-integration test, VAR model and Granger causality test in order to examine the relation between China＇ s electronic industry added-value and energy consumption. The result of co-integration test illustrates the long-term equilibrium of the relationship between the electronic industry development and energy consumption. The dynamic analysis of VAR model shows that there is a positive response from the economic growth of the electronics industry to energy consumption, while the impact of energy consumption on economic growth is a slightly negative response. It has been proved that the electronic industry development and energy consumption are mutual Granger causality. According to these conclusions, some suggestions are proposed in the end, including accelerating the development of China＇ s electronic industry to promote high-teeh electronic products, improving energy efficiency, enhancing research efficacy, creasing the effort for energy development and implementing rational energy policies.