成都市工业废水污染物等标负荷特征分析

不同污染物对于环境的污染程度不一样,简单比较排放量,无法准确判断不同种类污染物对环境影响的差异。本文利用等标污染负荷法和单位产值等标污染负荷法,结合2011年成都市环境统计数据,对全市工业废水污染物排放的等标负荷特征进行分析,找出影响环境的主要污染物、主要污染区域及主要污染行业,以期为全市各项环境管理工作提供科学依据。

濮阳市马颊河流域工业废水污染物排放特征分析

本文以2018年濮阳市环境统计数据为基础,采用等标污染负荷法和单位产值等标污染负荷法,对濮阳市马颊河流域工业废水污染物排放特征进行分析,以期为濮阳市马颊河流域污染治理和环境管理提供科学依据。结果表明,化学需氧量为濮阳市马颊河流域的首要污染物,开发区为首要污染区域,造纸和纸制品业为首要污染行业。

内江市工业废水污染物排放特征分析

文章结合2020年内江市环境统计数据,采用等标污染负荷法分析全市工业废水污染物的排放特征。结果表明:氨氮、化学需氧量和总磷是内江市工业废水排放的主要污染物,资中县是主要污染区域,酒、饮料和精制茶制造业、农副食品加工业是主要污染行业。

工业废水污染与城镇化进程的动态关系分析

选取2003—2012年中国工业废水中的5类污染物,对工业废水污染物和城镇化率的关系进行库兹涅茨曲线拟合,并在此基础上采用3次指数平滑法对工业废水污染物的排放量进行预测。结果表明:随着城镇化建设的加快,我国工业废水污染物中石油类和铅的排放量呈现先下降后上升的趋势,但化学需氧量、氨氮和挥发酚等污染物却不符合典型的环境库兹涅茨曲线形状。预计到2020年,化学需氧量和氨氮的排放量将呈现负值,而挥发酚、石油类和铅的排放量将急剧增加。

福建省工业主要废水污染物特征研究

【目的】探索福建省工业主要废水污染物排放现状特征,以期掌握环境质量状况,为地区环境管理、环境规划等提供科学依据。【方法】结合2020年福建省环境统计中重点工业主要废水污染物的排放数据,以等标污染负荷法对污染物种类、地区特征、行业特征进行定量分析,并对福建省工业废水污染物的各地区的分布特征进行聚类分析。【结果】工业废水主要污染物等标污染负荷比,总氮为3385.8×106 m3/a,化学需氧量为949.0×106 m3/a,总磷为899.3×106 m3/a,氨氮为745.2×106 m3/a,其中总氮的等标污染负荷比最大,负荷比达到56.6%。从地区来看,漳州市废水污染负荷最大,占福建省的19.3%。从行业来看,农副食品加工业的废水污染负荷最大,占福建省的22.6%。【结论】福建省的工业主要废水污染物排放的首要污染物为总氮,首要污染地区为漳州市,首要污染行业为农副食品加工业;通过对福建省各地区各工业主要废水污染物等标污染负荷的聚类分析,将福建省分为三个类型:程度较重地区为漳州市和泉州市;单项污染突出地区为南平市;中等地区为福州市、莆田市、厦门市、三明市、宁德市、龙岩市和平潭综合实验区。

成都市青白江区工业污染物排放特征分析

以青白江区第二次全国污染源普查数据为基础,运用等标污染负荷法分析青白江区工业污染物的排放特征、区域特征和行业特征。结果表明,挥发性有机物和石油类是青白江区最主要的工业废气污染物和工业废水污染物;大同镇和大弯街道是区内最主要的废气污染区域和废水污染区域,也是污染物减排治理的重点监管区域;非金属矿物制品业是对大气环境影响最大的行业,农副产品加工业、化学原料和化学制品制造业则是最主要的废水污染行业。

尖晶石型铁氧体在工业废水处理中的应用研究进展

工业废水对水体的危害已经成为一个日益严重的生态环境问题。光催化和吸附技术已经被证明是解决上述问题较为有效和极具潜力的方法。尖晶石型铁氧体是一类具有磁性能和光催化活性的半导体材料,正受到科学家的重视。介绍了尖晶石型铁氧体在光催化和吸附领域中的作用机制、应用进展,并对其今后发展做出了展望。

Principal Component Analysis of Major Pollutants Discharge Amount in Major Cities

With the development of industry in China, the emission issues of indus- trial wastewater has got more and more attention. Excessive levels of pollutants in wastewater are urgent problem to be solved. Together with the emissions of do- mestic wastewater, the discharge amount of pollutants has exceeded standard in many cities, which not only pollutes the water resources, but also greatly threatens the environment, and does great harm to people＇s health. The principal component analysis was conducted based on the principal components extracted from the data of major pollutants emission conditions in the wastewater of major cities from the China Statistical Yearbook 2014.

Industrial and Agricultural Effects on Water Environment and Its Optimization in Heavily Polluted Area in Taihu Lake Basin, China

The deteriorating water quality in the Taihu Lake Basin has attracted widespread attention for many years, and is correlated with a sharp increase in the quantity of pollutant discharge such as agricultural fertilizers and industrial wastewater. In this study, several factors were selected for evaluating and regionalizing the water environmental capacity by ArcG1S spatial analysis, including geomor- phologic characteristics, water quality goals, water body accessibility, water-dilution channels, and current water quality. Then, the spa- tial optimization of agriculture and industry was adjusted through overlay analysis, based on the balance between industrial space and water environmental capacity. The results show that the water environmental capacity gradually decreases from the west to the east, in contrast, the pollution caused by industrial and agricultural clustering is distributes along Taihu Lake, Gehu Lake and urban districts. The analysis of the agricultural space focuses on optimizing key protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and the shores of Gehu Lake, optimally adjusting the second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the urban areas of Changzhou and Wuxi cities. The analysis of industrial space focuses on optimizing the downtowns of Changzhou and Wuxi cities, optimally adjusting key protected areas and second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the south and southwest of Gehu Lake. Lastly, some schemes of industrial and agricultural layouts and policies for the direction of industrial and agricultural development were proposed, reflecting a correlation between industry and agriculture and the water environment.

Microbial community study in a petrochemical industry wastewater treatment system by PCR-DGGE

To improve the efficiency of petrochemical wastewater purification, the relationship between bacterial community structure and pollutants loading/degrading rates in A/O process for petrochemical wastewater treatment was investigated by denaturing gradient gel eleetrophoresis （DGGE） of the 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Results show that while the influent COD and NH4^＋ -N concentrations are 425.92 -560 mg/L and 64 - 100 mg/L respectively, the corresponding average concentrations of the effluent are 160 mg/L and 55 mg/L, which are 1. 6 and 3.6 times more than the national standards respectively. It demonstrates that the performance of pollutants removal process is inefficient. The analysis of PCR-DGGE profile indicates that the bacterial community structure of the activated sludge in A/O system is species-rich but unstable, and the highest and the lowest similarity coefficients are 36% and 6. 25% respectively, which shows that remarkable community structure evolution exists in the system. The variation of bacterial community structure and pollutants loading influences the removal efficiency of pollutants obviously, and relatively stable com- munity structure leads to the stable operational performance of biological wastewater treatment system.

A Review of Chemical Industry Wastewater Treatment

With the development of China＇ s industry, the domestic industrial parks greatly emerge and thus give rise to the diversity of pollutants in chemical wastewater. In this paper, the main sources of China＇ s chemical industry wastewater, main pollutants types and the wastewater characteristics of the chemical industry＇ s different branches are introduced, the related technologies and methods mainly applied to chemical industry wastewater treatment at home and abroad are analyzed and the application of different chemical wastewater treatment process is explained, and also all sorts of treatment technologies, methods, and processes are reviewed, and finally the study achievements and problems of all technol^ogies are concluded.

Research on heavy metals in Ruditapes philippinarum and soda industry wastes

Heavy metals pollution in Jiaozhou Bay was studied in Ruditapes. philippinarum, a bioindicator of seawater pollution. Heavy metals in soda industry wastes “white mud” were also studied. Comparison of microwave digestion method with general digestion method revealed that microwave digestion is superior to general digestion in precision, recovery, digestion speed and efficiency, etc. Cd concentration in Hongdao R. philippinarum samples exceeded the national standard by 0.046 mg/kg, that of Yinghai sample by 0.02 mg/kg, and that of Hongshiya sample by 0.22 mg/kg. Sample Pb concentration in Hongshiya was found to exceed the national standard by 0.02 mg/kg. However the heavy metals concentration in R. philippinarum near the Qingdao Alkaline Factory was complied with the standard. This was proved by Penaeus chinensis culture experiment. Therefore, the possible contamination source may come from other land areas.

Removal of Heavy Metals （Copper, Manganese and Zinc） from Industrial Wastewater of Baiji Refinery by Granular Activated Carbon

The aim of the present work is to remove heavy metals （copper, manganese, and zinc） from industrial wastewater of Baiji refinery using GAC （granular activated carbon）. The most important factors affecting adsorption process have been studied, which are granular activated carbon thickness, H, inlet pollutant concentration, Cv, and liquid hourly space velocity, LHSV. All experiments were performed under constant temperature at 25℃ and pH = 7. The experimental apparatus was designed and constructed to enable controlling of the operating conditions. Employing five levels for each of H and LHSV and three levels for Co required 75 runs for each metal. Box-Wilson method was used to reduce the number of experiments to 15 for each metal. The results indicated that copper, manganese, and zinc can be completely removed from wastewater using activated carbon. However, breakthrough time for zinc is low. It is also shown that breakthrough time （TB） and exhaustion time （TE） are inversely proportional with pollutant concentration and LHSV （liquid hour space velocity） while it is directly proportional with the thickness of activated carbon column.

Biochar:An Emerging Panacea for Remediation of Soil Contaminants from Mining,Industry and Sewage Wastes

Mine tailings, waste rock piles, acid mine drainage, industrial wastewater, and sewage sludge have contaminated a vast area of cultivable and fallow lands, with a consequence of deterioration of soil and water quality and watercourses due to the erosion of contaminated soils for absence of vegetative cover. High concentrations of toxic elements, organic contaminants, acidic soils, and harsh climatic conditions have made it difficult to re-establish vegetation and produce crops there. Recently, a significant body of work has focussed on the suitability and potentiality of biochar as a soil remediation tool that increases seed emergence, soil and crop productivity, above ground biomass, and vegetation cover on mine tailings, waste rock piles, and industrial and sewage waste- contaminated soils by increasing soil nutrients and water-holding capacity, amelioration of soil acidity, and stimulation of microbial diversity and functions. This review addresses： i） the functional properties of biochar, and microbial cycling of nutrients in soil; ii） bioremediation, especially phytoremediation of mine railings, industrial waste, sewage sludge, and contaminated soil using biochar; iii） impact of biochar on reduction of acid production, acid mine drainage treatment, and geochemical dynamics in mine railings; and iv） treatment of metal and organic contaminants in soils using biochar, and restoration of degraded land.