Detroit has been one of the leading cities in the 20th century in the US. Manufacturing, especially, automobile industry created and continued the thriving economy in Detroit, MI in the early to mid-1900s. When outso...Detroit has been one of the leading cities in the 20th century in the US. Manufacturing, especially, automobile industry created and continued the thriving economy in Detroit, MI in the early to mid-1900s. When outsourcing impacted the industry, people began to leave the city. That turned into a demographic catastrophe in Detroit. Economy had continuously fallen and many of the properties were foreclosed. After the housing market crash in 2008, a big economic crisis effected all country. After such a strong economic crisis, Detroit has been desperately in need of economic revival which has begun to turn around very slowly in last 10 years. In this paper, Detroit has been investigated through the experienced constructional problems. Sustainable solutions for Detroit are discussed in a broader aspect. The main purpose of the research is to understand the current problems in construction in Detroit after a decade of the economic crisis and bring sustainable solutions for urban redevelopment and rehabilitation for Detroit. Paper also details the problems in Detroit area, reasons behind the complications, components/parameters, constraints/limitations, solutions, people involved and expected results.展开更多
In the course of improving and/or designing an energy system,either purely economic criteria,although the overriding criteria,or purely energy-based criteria,although the emphasized criteria,can not separately handle ...In the course of improving and/or designing an energy system,either purely economic criteria,although the overriding criteria,or purely energy-based criteria,although the emphasized criteria,can not separately handle real-world situations in a satisfactory manner.The economic effectiveness and the energy efficiency must be considered simultaneously to demonstrate the conflicting and non-commensurable characteristics of these multiple criteria. An iterative and interactive approach to formulating and solving non-linear multi-criteria decision making problems for the analysis of an energy system is proposed.It allows the decision maker(DM)to learn from the available information and dynamically change his mind.Criterion functions can be treated as objective functions,as constraints or as something in between by the DM.After a series of iterations and interactive procedures,a preferred solution can be made among the non-inferior sets considering thermodynamic criteria and economic criteria simultaneously.A simple example for design of a heat exchanger is used to illustrate the procedure.展开更多
文摘Detroit has been one of the leading cities in the 20th century in the US. Manufacturing, especially, automobile industry created and continued the thriving economy in Detroit, MI in the early to mid-1900s. When outsourcing impacted the industry, people began to leave the city. That turned into a demographic catastrophe in Detroit. Economy had continuously fallen and many of the properties were foreclosed. After the housing market crash in 2008, a big economic crisis effected all country. After such a strong economic crisis, Detroit has been desperately in need of economic revival which has begun to turn around very slowly in last 10 years. In this paper, Detroit has been investigated through the experienced constructional problems. Sustainable solutions for Detroit are discussed in a broader aspect. The main purpose of the research is to understand the current problems in construction in Detroit after a decade of the economic crisis and bring sustainable solutions for urban redevelopment and rehabilitation for Detroit. Paper also details the problems in Detroit area, reasons behind the complications, components/parameters, constraints/limitations, solutions, people involved and expected results.
文摘In the course of improving and/or designing an energy system,either purely economic criteria,although the overriding criteria,or purely energy-based criteria,although the emphasized criteria,can not separately handle real-world situations in a satisfactory manner.The economic effectiveness and the energy efficiency must be considered simultaneously to demonstrate the conflicting and non-commensurable characteristics of these multiple criteria. An iterative and interactive approach to formulating and solving non-linear multi-criteria decision making problems for the analysis of an energy system is proposed.It allows the decision maker(DM)to learn from the available information and dynamically change his mind.Criterion functions can be treated as objective functions,as constraints or as something in between by the DM.After a series of iterations and interactive procedures,a preferred solution can be made among the non-inferior sets considering thermodynamic criteria and economic criteria simultaneously.A simple example for design of a heat exchanger is used to illustrate the procedure.
