To reveal the influencing factors and changing rules for the hydrothermal interaction process of highway subgrade, the field measurements of Shiwei-Labudalin Highway in Inner Mongolia, China was conducted for 3 years,...To reveal the influencing factors and changing rules for the hydrothermal interaction process of highway subgrade, the field measurements of Shiwei-Labudalin Highway in Inner Mongolia, China was conducted for 3 years, based on which the freezing-thawing rules and water content changing characteristics were analyzed. The main results show the subgrade presents a frequent freezing-thawing alternation, and the water content of subgrade exhibits an obvious seasonal alternation. The subbase has the maximum water content, while the base has the minimum water content. The change of water flux is concentrated in the thawing period and consistent with the change of temperature gradient. The subbase layer has the most active water flux due to the heat absorption and impermeability of pavement that easily causes the water accumulation in this layer. Therefore, the prevention and treatment for the freezing-thawing disease should be started from heat insulation and water resistance.展开更多
Civil construction is one of the largest consumers of raw materials and producers of waste, which has been causing environmental problems both through the extraction of raw materials and through building activity by g...Civil construction is one of the largest consumers of raw materials and producers of waste, which has been causing environmental problems both through the extraction of raw materials and through building activity by generation of waste. Notwithstanding the need to find an optimum use for solid construction residue to try to solve or minimize this problem, there are no standards for the process of obtaining the CDR （construction and demolition residue）. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a method of collecting solid waste at the construction site that is easy and low-cost and thus can be applied throughout the construction industry. This collection method was designed to produce residue with the desired proprieties and obtain the best possible homogeneity. This method permitted to evaluate the factors generating construction residue more precisely.展开更多
Alternative contracting techniques have been frequently used in highway construction in the United State and have played an important role in the effort to improve construction project performance. However, it is stil...Alternative contracting techniques have been frequently used in highway construction in the United State and have played an important role in the effort to improve construction project performance. However, it is still unknown whether which project factors have significant influence on project performance. It is essential to learn from the experiences and opinions of construction project managers who had executed innovative or alternative contracts in order to improve and refine the usage of alternative contracting methods. Innovative contracting methods have been used by state Departments of Transportation for many years, so there is now sufficient data to measure the effectiveness of these innovations. Working under a grant from the Florida Department of Transportation （FDOT）, the research team used the experiences and opinions of construction field engineers who had executed innovative contracts on FDOT projects to measure the effectiveness of these systems. To that end, interviews were conducted with FDOT and consultant personnel from across Florida. All interviewed were project managers who had overseen at least one project using an innovative contracting method. Discussions brought enthusiastic responses from those interviewed, both for and against certain innovations. This paper will focus on the experiences and opinions of those experienced construction field engineers dealing with well-known innovations, as well as newer innovations such as ＂Detour Rental＂ and ＂Damage Recovery＂.展开更多
Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction ...Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction （in particular, piling） equipment and, correspondingly, to improve environmental situation at the construction site. Another achieved goal is providing long tubular piles installation in hard soils conditions without application of very heavy and powerful driving machines. Worked out solutions are based on two approaches. One of them provides separate loading of driving force on pile＇s shaft and pile＇s tip concentrating the whole driving force on one of the mentioned parts of the pile. Another approach is focused on prevention of soil plug formation inside of the tubular pile tip facilitating the pile installation process. Also improved anchorage system for sheet piling seafront walls is presented and discussed. All considered innovations are patented and can be used in wide range of marine, offshore, coastal and harbor structures.展开更多
Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a dispr...Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a disproportionate number of occupational-related fatalities what is supported by statistics. According to the International Labour Organization, it accounts for 30-40% of the world＇s fatal injuries. In The European Union around thirteen employees out of every one hundred thousands are killed each year. Hence, construction site safety is a matter of global concern. However it is not easy to describe and define how to deport safely at some actual site because the workers are exposed to many safety risks varying in con^nection with conditions of the construction realization and with technologies using. The paper provides a brief knowledge from the study comparing the construction safety in Europe and North America referencing to presented statistics. There are also analyzed, described and systemized the principal groups of construction safety risks; described the interdependencies among safety risks, affecting by spatial, technological and time parameters of the building process, as well as by the site conditions.展开更多
基金Project(2018-MSI-018) supported by the Key Science and Technology Project of the Ministry of Transport of ChinaProject(NJ-2018-28) supported by the Construction Science and Technology of the Department of Transport of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China+2 种基金Project(2019MS05029) supported by the Natural Science Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of ChinaProject(2020MS05077) supported by the Natural Science Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of ChinaProject(NJ-2020-05) supported by the Research on Complete Survey Technology of Highway Road Area in High-latitude Permafrost Region, China。
文摘To reveal the influencing factors and changing rules for the hydrothermal interaction process of highway subgrade, the field measurements of Shiwei-Labudalin Highway in Inner Mongolia, China was conducted for 3 years, based on which the freezing-thawing rules and water content changing characteristics were analyzed. The main results show the subgrade presents a frequent freezing-thawing alternation, and the water content of subgrade exhibits an obvious seasonal alternation. The subbase has the maximum water content, while the base has the minimum water content. The change of water flux is concentrated in the thawing period and consistent with the change of temperature gradient. The subbase layer has the most active water flux due to the heat absorption and impermeability of pavement that easily causes the water accumulation in this layer. Therefore, the prevention and treatment for the freezing-thawing disease should be started from heat insulation and water resistance.
文摘Civil construction is one of the largest consumers of raw materials and producers of waste, which has been causing environmental problems both through the extraction of raw materials and through building activity by generation of waste. Notwithstanding the need to find an optimum use for solid construction residue to try to solve or minimize this problem, there are no standards for the process of obtaining the CDR （construction and demolition residue）. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a method of collecting solid waste at the construction site that is easy and low-cost and thus can be applied throughout the construction industry. This collection method was designed to produce residue with the desired proprieties and obtain the best possible homogeneity. This method permitted to evaluate the factors generating construction residue more precisely.
文摘Alternative contracting techniques have been frequently used in highway construction in the United State and have played an important role in the effort to improve construction project performance. However, it is still unknown whether which project factors have significant influence on project performance. It is essential to learn from the experiences and opinions of construction project managers who had executed innovative or alternative contracts in order to improve and refine the usage of alternative contracting methods. Innovative contracting methods have been used by state Departments of Transportation for many years, so there is now sufficient data to measure the effectiveness of these innovations. Working under a grant from the Florida Department of Transportation （FDOT）, the research team used the experiences and opinions of construction field engineers who had executed innovative contracts on FDOT projects to measure the effectiveness of these systems. To that end, interviews were conducted with FDOT and consultant personnel from across Florida. All interviewed were project managers who had overseen at least one project using an innovative contracting method. Discussions brought enthusiastic responses from those interviewed, both for and against certain innovations. This paper will focus on the experiences and opinions of those experienced construction field engineers dealing with well-known innovations, as well as newer innovations such as ＂Detour Rental＂ and ＂Damage Recovery＂.
文摘Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction （in particular, piling） equipment and, correspondingly, to improve environmental situation at the construction site. Another achieved goal is providing long tubular piles installation in hard soils conditions without application of very heavy and powerful driving machines. Worked out solutions are based on two approaches. One of them provides separate loading of driving force on pile＇s shaft and pile＇s tip concentrating the whole driving force on one of the mentioned parts of the pile. Another approach is focused on prevention of soil plug formation inside of the tubular pile tip facilitating the pile installation process. Also improved anchorage system for sheet piling seafront walls is presented and discussed. All considered innovations are patented and can be used in wide range of marine, offshore, coastal and harbor structures.
文摘Construction industry is a generally risky business; it remains one of the most dirty, difficult and dangerous with poor working conditions. Despite recent efforts to improve site safety, it still accounts for a disproportionate number of occupational-related fatalities what is supported by statistics. According to the International Labour Organization, it accounts for 30-40% of the world＇s fatal injuries. In The European Union around thirteen employees out of every one hundred thousands are killed each year. Hence, construction site safety is a matter of global concern. However it is not easy to describe and define how to deport safely at some actual site because the workers are exposed to many safety risks varying in con^nection with conditions of the construction realization and with technologies using. The paper provides a brief knowledge from the study comparing the construction safety in Europe and North America referencing to presented statistics. There are also analyzed, described and systemized the principal groups of construction safety risks; described the interdependencies among safety risks, affecting by spatial, technological and time parameters of the building process, as well as by the site conditions.
