中国特色、世界水平工程教育学学科建设的思考

工程教育强国是教育强国、人才强国和科技强国的重要组成部分,是新型工业化建设和实现中国式现代化的基本保障,是培养大批各种层次和类型的高水平工程科技人才和工程创新人才的基础要求。工程教育强国建设离不开建设一批中国特色、世界水平的工程教育学学科。文章以建设中国特色、世界水平的工程教育学学科为主线,按照学科建设的逻辑顺序,系统探讨学科建设的下述系列问题,包括学科定位、组织机构、师资队伍、科学研究、人才培养和社会服务,以期为中国高校深入开展工程教育学学科建设提供参考和建议。

工程教育学学科建设的动因、形成与推进——以天津大学为例

工程教育学由工程学科规模急遽扩张、赋能卓越工程师培养和推动教育强国建设等多元要素复杂交织而共同形塑。在介绍工程教育学科建设相关研究与实践的基础上,基于天津大学的经验范例,从制度与组织建设、工程教育科学研究、工程教育创新实践、学科建设基础方面阐述工程教育学的形成基础与学科设置。最后,指出工程教育学的核心要素建构与未来推进路径,即以凝练学科发展方向引领发展、以加强课程与教学建设驱动发展、以卓越研究人才培养赋能发展、以多样化师资队伍建设助力发展和以高水平科学研究推动发展。

普渡大学工程教育学系的建设及启示

普渡大学工程教育学系是全球首个专门致力于工程教育教师培养的系。对该系的成立背景作简单的分析,重点介绍该系博士研究生的报考条件、学分及课程设置等方面的要求,并表明该系的成立及运作方式对加强我国高等工程教育的师资建设具有重要启示。。

美国工程教育学博士生培养的跨学科逻辑管窥

美国工程教育学博士生培养以工程教育学为学科基础,遵循工程学与教育学跨学科交叉与融合的逻辑,其实质是技术与人文这两种价值取向的交融。在实践中,跨学科的逻辑表征在工程教育学博士生培养的缘起、目标与招生要求、课程设置及师资队伍等方面。研究认为,工程教育学博士生培养是美国研究生人才培养模式的一次创新,我国可借鉴相关的做法,通过深化工程人才跨学科培养理念、组建跨学科培养组织等方式创新工程研究生人才培养模式,助力我国"新工科"建设。

中国特色、世界水平工程教育学学科建设的路径分析

中国工程教育学学科的设立是为了助力实现党的二十大提出的建成教育强国、科技强国和人才强国并最终实现中国式现代化的目标。建设中国特色、世界水平工程教育学学科需要在明确的学科建设原则和清晰的学科建设思路的基础上,经过借鉴西方、扎根中国、形成特色和走向世界等四个阶段实现建设目标。

加强工程教育学学科建设助力中国式现代化

党的二十大报告提出,“以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”。为贯彻落实党的二十大精神,加快建设国家战略人才力量,必须重视工程教育学学科建设,通过确定工程教育学学科研究方向、加强师资队伍建设、深入开展科学研究、不断提升工程人才培养质量,努力服务和助力中国式现代化。

论工程教育学的学科建构及未来想象

当前,我国工程教育正处于由大到强的转型关键期,研究工程教育学和工程人才培养规律正当其时。作为一门新兴学科,工程教育学的合理性不仅体现在整合研究力量和资源、服务产业发展需求、支撑高校智库建设等方面,还体现在学科内部独特的逻辑起点、研究对象及理论体系等。工程教育学获取合法性主要遵循两条逻辑,即学科逻辑和社会逻辑。实践中,须开展工程教育学理论研究,完善工程教育学学科建制,构建工程教育学学术共同体以及中国特色的工程教育学话语体系,促进提升工程教育学学科理论品质。

论学生在综合工程教育及具体学科学习过程中的适应性问题

现实中学生在综合工程教育及具体学科学习的适应性问题往往被忽视。众所周知,知识结构体系无论是从基本到复合,从初级到高级,都没有空白和跳跃,也没有重要与不重要、需要与不需要、有用与无用之区别,这就需要对教育体制系统进行重新审视。这种对于多层次的教育系统中各种关联的考察可被视为在专家预备教育的科学体系组织轨迹中的第一步尝试。

Nuclear Safety Education for Non-nuclear Engineering Students

The new situations were analyzed for nuclear industry development and security. Besides nuclear wars and terrorism, reactor runaway and un-ruled radioactive source are the main nuclear accidents in peacetime. With the active development of the nuclear industry in China, the existing nuclear education system is becoming deficient or defective. Human factors play an important role in nuclear accident prevention and emergency response in the nuclear engineering system, non-nuclear professional staff are often the subject of personnel in most nuclear projects. In order to ensure the sustainable and efficient accord development of nuclear industry, general nuclear education is necessary for correlative non-nuclear professionals, such as technologies, management, safety, culture and ethic. The nuclear safety education should be included into the national education system.

Micro/Nano-Satellites: Opportunities and Challenges

At an accelerating development pace, Hicro-Nano Satellite technology has become one of the most ac- tive research topics in the current aerospace field. Its applications have been extended from engineering education and technology demonstration into various other fields, such as communication, remote sensing, navigation and scientific experiments just to name a few, In this paper issues raised on Micro/Nano-Satellites in recent news are reviewed and the opportunities and challenges confronting Micro/Nano-Satellites are analyzed. Then the Plicro/nano-Satellites of Na- tional University of Defense Technology, （NUDT） are briefly introduced. Finally, some suggestions on the development of Micro/Nano-Satellites in the future are proposed.

University culture, project culture and enterprise culture jointly build the training road of the excellent engineers

The ＂Education and training plan of excellence engineers＂ is the base to comprehensively improve the training quality of the engineering talents, and is the power and guarantee of our country to march towards the great power of the engineering education fi＇om the engineering educational power. In the training process, not only it is required to complete the training and improvement of the theoretical knowledge, the practical abilities and the engineering qualities in the colleges, but it also needs the active participation and the close cooperation of the enterprises. Therefore, the students will have the influence of the effects and edification from the university culture, the project culture and the enterprise culture, and will feel the power and benefits a variety of cultures bring about by interleaving. This paper expounds the important position and the function of the university culture, the project culture, and the enterprise culture in the personal training, and elucidates that the complete fusion of the three is the social ideal and support to complete the task of cultivating the outstanding engineers.

Research on the Applications of Cyclic Water Quality Model and Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Water Pollution Control and Planning

With the progress of computer technology, water pollution control and planning has been a hot topic in the scientific community. This paper discusses corresponding research on the applications of cyclic water quality model and simulated annealing algorithm for water pollution control and planning. Environmental engineering education has been the focus of much attention in recent years. Teaching methods of water pollution control and sustainable teaching innovation and creation was explored by many scholars, and the majority of workers engaged in teaching the course. The simulation result proves the effectiveness of the method. We plan to conduct more research in the future research to obtain better research result.

Neural Networks and the Study of Time Series： An Application in Engineering Education

Time series are an important object of study in sciences, engineering and business, especially in cases where it is expected to know, predict and optimize behaviors. In this context, we intend to show the feasibility of using artificial neural networks in the study of several time series in an engineering course, especially those that have no overt behavior or are not able to be modeled mathematically in a simple way and have direct application in the education of future engineers.

Recommendations for Using Wiki in Online Group Projects in Engineering Education

Although Web 2.0 tools like blogs and wikis have been used for supporting collaborative learning in higher education, there are not many reports about implementation of that resource on engineering in Brazil. In this way, the main purpose of this research is to use a wiki platform for online activities and evaluate how students collaborate with each other in online tasks. It was investigated how collaboration can be measured on wiki platform During four-week online activities, 40 students of Civil Engineering course were monitored on Wikispaces~ platform. All students＇ actions were analyzed and classified as low, medium, or high level of collaboration. The data were collected through the statistical reports of Wikispaces~ and Google Analytics platforms. It computed 336 students＇ actions： 16.67% as high level, 45.24% as medium, and 38.10% as low. During informal interview, most of students （70%） related that wiki was a nice tool for collaboration work. The results indicated that wiki platform is an important way to develop innovative activities and tasks for the purpose of improving engineers＇ abilities and skills such as： writing communication, organization, collaboration, and critical thinking development.

For a Micro-Politics Analysis of Engineering Education

The idea that studies about education for engineers should be complemented with micro-politics analysis which is presented in this article. For such, we present a framework to conceptualizing micropolitics and some elements that show how the micro- and macro-politics are overlapped in any political fact. From this premise, the micro-politics is used to lift some elements of analysis of a particular case of engineering educational process in Brazil, where several dominant behaviors are characterized as violent or repressive behaviors that do not favor the development of technical inventivity, one of fundamental characteristics of the profession. What is argued here is that these behaviors are part of the range of a dominant subjectivity that has as its goal the maintenance of professional subjectivity not to develop in students a critical subjectivity, which must be produced under teaching techniques and pedagogical approaches. To consolidate the micro-politics analysis perspective are cited several statements used in Brazilian engineering education process, which diverts attention from the real reasons for failures in the engineers＂ education. Finally, a report of physics violence inside a Brazilian public institution is cited to illustrate how the coercive institutional power operates in the production of students＇ subjectivity.

Do Engineering Diploma Students Drop out Due to Reasons Other Than Academic Performance

The aim of this paper is to highlight the fact that students enter their higher education careers underprepared and fail their engineering studies due to the lack of various life skills. The South African Government is attempting to redress the social inequalities which prevailed in the education sector during the apartheid era. However, many students attempting their higher education studies are in many respects still under-prepared. This is mainly due to insufficient life skills, communication skills, numeric skills, and literacy skills. In the current study it was established, by means of a self-administered questionnaire, that students＇ lacking time of management skills, and study skills, are conditioned by their schooling not to value or use prescribed text books. These results re-emphasise the fact that students drop out of the programme for reasons other than academic performance and underline the need for effective measures toward student support and effective student learning.

The Countermeasures Research of the Problems Existing in Five-year Higher Vocational English Teaching

As the basic course of the five-year higher vocational education, both teachers and students have been spending a great deal of efforts on English, but the effect is still unsuccessful. On the basis of many educators＇ researches in English teaching, the author presents the problems which associate with our real situation and analyzes the reasons of these problems. Then, aiming at the problems, the author takes measures in teaching reforms and researches on teaching reflections.

On the Construction and Development of Strategies to Stimulate Learners＇ Motivation Concept and Evaluation Model

This paper starts from the theoretical basis of constructivism and development evaluation study that learns the principles of communication, the use of educational psychology and other disciplines of knowledge. It is to build a developmental evaluation and characteristics for the idea to the attention of the relevant confidence to meet and the evaluator＇ s expectations as of the five elements to stimulate learning motivation, build developmental evaluation principles to stimulate learning motivation of process model. Seven strategies are to stimulate and sustain the motivation of college students, while emphasizing mentor in the process of converting role as learner and developmental evaluation. Related strategies are used in the actual teaching of ＂Mechanical Engineering Materials＂ , ＂Graduation Design＂ , ＂Engineer Training＂ course, and it achieved satisfactory teaching effect, playing a role in promoting real learning and comprehensive evaluation of the development of college students.

Interactive Teaching in Interpersonal Skills

Engineers are very much part of the ongoing globalization and they are encountering problems of cross-disciplinary nature Team working skills respecting other peoples＇ qualifications are required so therefore interpersonal skills are becoming more and more important, including communications skills, leadership and awareness. Consequently, educational programs for teaching engineers should work with the fact that the capability of communicating with people with different background competences is important, nevertheless the engineering education has traditionally focused on technical skills rather than on personal development. In order to reform the B.Sc. courses to guide students to become better and more efficient engineers on all levels, the DTU （Technical University of Denmark） and Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences （Metropolia） modified their education according to the CDIO （conceive, design, implement and operate） approach in the autumn of 2008. The CDIO pedagogy encouraged to develop an interactive course in interpersonal skills, where the students have to take an active part in the exercises as well as involve themselves in the interactive communication process. The course consists of various exercises from which the participants will develop their awareness and knowledge of communication. It is the intention to give the students a personal understanding and idea of a different approach to communicating between people. The students evaluated the course, and the four key questions dealing with the quality of the course show a very high satisfaction with the instruction. The grades one and two （1 best/very much, 5 worst/very little） of the responses ＂to these four questions are ranging on average from 69.5% to 88% （on a yearly basis）. The positive responses indicate that the students are very satisfied with the course recognizing the need for education on international communication.

Simulation Games As Educational Learning Method in Engineering Careers

The challenges of today＇s world require college students have different skills and know how to apply the knowledge acquired to solve new situations. The traditional mode of teaching with lectures, still present in many subjects of the engineering, seems to favor the development of the necessary skills, as active use of knowledge required [ 1 ]. However, they are using simulation games as an educational method in many universities in the world for the advantages they present for learning and the development of various skills, to simulate specific situations of professional activity [2]. This paper presents some background and requirements that games must meet educational purposes and propose their use in subjects related to economics, management and organization of production engineering programs where you can teach and learn from building products with simple items like cardboard paper on the theory of constructionism to build a product where people are building theories and knowledge in the mind [3]. The use of games is not widespread in universities in Argentina, however you can generate more motivating learning situations as it leaves the board becoming less abstract and more concrete learning. Classroom climate changes as students take a more participatory role and the teacher intervenes as a guide or facilitator of learning. This work could motivate teachers and researchers to promote their use in teaching and in future research to evaluate the potential of its use as a learning tool.